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FIGURE 173. Lectotype adult female S in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 173. Lectotype adult female S. toltecus. Face (left photo) without furrow. Right hind tibia (right photo) showing 3 inner and 3 outer spines.
FIGURE 147. Holotype adult female S in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 147. Holotype adult female S. sartorianus showing (left photo) damaged furrow area on face; and (right photo) adult male from Cualcuapan, between Orizaba & Cordoba, Mexico, showing only lateral carina of furrow (arrow) on undamaged face.
FIGURE 138. Late instar female S in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 138. Late instar female S. sanfelipe ovipositor (left photo) and her wing pad (arrow, right photo).
FIGURE 136. Allotype female S. sanfelipe showing left rear leg 2 outer and 4 in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 136. Allotype female S. sanfelipe showing left rear leg 2 outer and 4 inner tibial spines (left photo) and face (right photo) with no furrow.
FIGURE 141. Allotype female S in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 141. Allotype female S. sanfelipe (far left), holotype male S. sanfelipe (middle), and La Esperanza adult male S. piceiventris (far right) showing size differences between the 2 species, when at similar elevations around Oaxaca, Mexico.
FIGURE 137. Allotype adult female S in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 137. Allotype adult female S. sanfelipe ovipositor (left photo) and her fore wing (arrow, right photo).
FIGURE 152. Field collected adult female S in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 152. Field collected adult female S. sartorianus, from Monteverde, Costa Rica (S00-21) with 8 inner rear leg tibial spines on left side.
FIGURE 139. Mid-late instar female S in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 139. Mid-late instar female S. sanfelipe ovipositor (left photo) and her wing pad (arrow, right photo).
FIGURE 108. Three adult females S in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 108. Three adult females S. perote from type locality (S06-44) showing range of variation in color and pattern of abdominal stripes.
FIGURE 75. Allotype female S. lessonae showing 5 in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 75. Allotype female S. lessonae showing 5 inner (left rear tibia) and 4 outer (right rear tibia) spines.
FIGURE 56. Lectotype female S in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 56. Lectotype female S. guatemalae. Right hind tibia (left) showing 4 inner and 3 outer spines. Face (right photo) showing no furrow (Photos J. Hollier).
FIGURE 43. Allotype female S. ecuadorensis showing 3 outer and 4 in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 43. Allotype female S. ecuadorensis showing 3 outer and 4 (1 small - arrow) inner right rear leg tibial spines and absence of furrow (right photo) on face.
FIGURE 38. Allotype adult female S. durango showing 5 in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 38. Allotype adult female S. durango showing 5 inner (left photo) and 3 outer (middle photo) tibial spines. Ovipositor right photo.
FIGURE 69. Allotype adult female S. hondurasito left hind leg tibia with 4 in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 69. Allotype adult female S. hondurasito left hind leg tibia with 4 inner (left photo) and 3 outer (right photo) spines.
FIGURE 79. Lectotype adult female S. mexicanus, showing left rear leg tibia with 3 in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 79. Lectotype adult female S. mexicanus, showing left rear leg tibia with 3 outer (left photo) and 5 inner (right photo) spines.
FIGURE 61. Holotype adult female S in Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea:Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus
FIGURE 61. Holotype adult female S. honduras, color when alive (top photo) and once preserved (bottom photo).
Data from: Female-biased gape and body-size dimorphism in the New World watersnakes (tribe: Thamnophiini) oppose predictions from Rensch's Rule
Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is ubiquitous across animals with female bias most prominent in snakes and other ectothermic organisms. To understand how SSD evolves across species, Rensch's Rule predicts that in taxa where males are larger, SSD increases with body size. In contrast, where females are larger, SSD decreases with body size. While this rule holds for many taxa, it may be ambiguous for others, particularly ectothermic vertebrates. Importantly, this rule suggests that the outcomes of SSD over phylogenetic time scales depends on the direction of dimorphism predicated on the difference in reproductive efforts between males and females. Here we examine SSD in the context of Rensch's Rule in Thamnophiini, the garter and waternsakes, a prominent group composing the North American snake biota. Using a dated phylogeny, measurements of gape, body and tail size, we show that these snakes do not follow Rensch's Rule, but rather female-biased SSD increases with body size. We in turn find that this allometry is most pronounced with gape and is correlated with both neonate and litter size, suggesting that acquiring prey of increased size may be directly related to fecundity selection. These changes in SSD are not constrained to any particular clade; we find no evidence of phylogenetic shifts in those traits showing SSD. We suggest several ways forward to better understand the anatomical units of selection for SSD and modularity
FIGURE 9. Female internal genitalia, posterior view. A, S in Phylogeny and revision of Schraderiellus Rider, 1998 with the description of five new species (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Discocephalinae, Ochlerini)
FIGURE 9. Female internal genitalia, posterior view. A, S. hughesae; B, S. cinctus; C, S. rufilineatus sp. nv.; D, S. luteipedis sp. nv.. Abbreviations: cs, capsula seminalis; gcIX, gonocoxites IX; gpIX, gonapophyses IX; id, inner ducts; laIX, laterotergites IX; md, medium ducts; od, outer ducts; pi, pars intermedialis; rs, ring sclerites; vi, vaginal intima. Scale bars: 0.5mm.
FIGURE 8. Female genital plates, posterior view. A, S in Phylogeny and revision of Schraderiellus Rider, 1998 with the description of five new species (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Discocephalinae, Ochlerini)
FIGURE 8. Female genital plates, posterior view. A, S. hughesae; B, S. cinctus; C, S. luridomaculatus sp. nv.; D, S. rufilineatus sp. nv.; E, S. luteipedis sp. nv.. Abbreviations. gcVIII, gonocoxites VIII; gcIX, gonocoxites IX; laVIII, laterotergites VIII; laIX, laterotergites IX; X, segment X. Scale bars: 1mm.
Data from: Differentiating the evolution of female song and male-female duets in the New World blackbirds: can tropical natural history traits explain duet evolution?
Female bird song and combined vocal duets of mated pairs are both frequently associated with tropical, monogamous, sedentary natural histories. Little is known, however, about what selects for duetting behavior versus female song. Female song likely preceded duet evolution and could drive apparent relationships between duets and these natural histories. We compared the evolution of female song and male-female duets in the New World blackbirds (Icteridae) by investigating patterns of gains and losses of both traits and their relationships with breeding latitude, mating system, nesting pattern, and migratory behavior. We found that duets evolved only in lineages in which female song was likely ancestral. Both female song and duets were correlated with tropical breeding, social monogamy, territorial nesting, and sedentary behavior when all taxa were included; however, correlations between duets and these natural history traits disappeared when comparisons were limited to taxa with female song. Also, likelihood values supported stronger relationships between the natural history traits and female song than between these traits and duets. Our results suggest that the natural histories thought to favor the evolution of duetting may in fact be associated with female song and that additional selection pressures are responsible for the evolution of duets.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.