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955 results for “Subtropical”
Supplementary material 2 from: Siddiqui JA, Chen Z, Li Q, Deng J, Lin X, Huang X (2019) DNA barcoding of aphid-associated ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in a subtropical area of southern China. ZooKeys 879: 117-136. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.29705
: Data type: species data
Figure 4 from: Siddiqui JA, Chen Z, Li Q, Deng J, Lin X, Huang X (2019) DNA barcoding of aphid-associated ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in a subtropical area of southern China. ZooKeys 879: 117-136. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.29705
Figure 4 Bayesian Inference tree combined with 301 COI sequences from the current study and 52 COI sequences from the GenBank. Values besides the branches indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities. Dotted lines are indicating the outgroups. Bold labels indicate the sequences from the GenBank.
Supplementary material 3 from: Siddiqui JA, Chen Z, Li Q, Deng J, Lin X, Huang X (2019) DNA barcoding of aphid-associated ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in a subtropical area of southern China. ZooKeys 879: 117-136. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.29705
: Data type: molecular data
Figure 2 in Effects of forest conversion on tce assemblages' structure of aquatic insects in subtropical regions
Figure 2. Rarefaction riccness of Epcemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Triccoptera assemblages between streams in botc forested and converted area. Tce upper and lower dasced lines indicate tce confidence intervals (95%) calculated for eacc category.
Figure 1. A in Interesting rotifers (Rotifera: Eurotatoria) from a subtropical wetland of Meghalaya, Northeast India: new records
Figure 1. A) Map of India showing Meghalaya state; B) District map of Meghalaya showing Shillong (East Khasi hills district). Table. Variations in some basic abiotic parameters.
Figures 2–9. 2 in Interesting rotifers (Rotifera: Eurotatoria) from a subtropical wetland of Meghalaya, Northeast India: new records
Figures 2–9. 2- Colurella tesselata (Glascott) (lateral view); 3- Lecane stichaea Harring (ventral view); 4- Gastropus minor (Rousselet) (lateral view); 5- Stephanoceros fimbriatus (Goldfusz) (lateral view); 6- Dissotrocha aculeata (Ehrenberg) (lateral view); 7- Lecane dorysimilis Trinh Dang, Segers & Sanoamuang (dorsal view); 8- Cupelopagis vorax (Leidy) (lateral view); 9- Cupelopagis vorax (Leidy) (trophi).
Sample-specific data from "The Influence of Seasonal Variation in Wild Pig Diet on Impacts to a Subtropical Agroecosystem" published in Ecosphere
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
FIGURE 5. A in Amanita cingulata, a new annulate species of Amanita sect. Vaginatae from subtropical China
FIGURE 5. A map showing locations of annulate species in Amanita sect. Vaginatae
Data from: Subtropical thermal variation supports persistence of corals but limits productivity of coral reefs
Concomitant to the decline of tropical corals caused by increasing global sea temperatures is the potential removal of barriers to species range expansions into subtropical and temperate habitats. In these habitats, species must tolerate lower annual mean temperature, wider annual temperature ranges, and lower minimum temperatures. To understand ecophysiological traits that will impact geographic range boundaries we monitored populations of five coral species within a marginal habitat and used a year of in situ measures to model thermal performance of vital host, symbiont, and holobiont physiology. Metabolic responses to temperature revealed two acclimatization strategies: peak productivity occurring at annual midpoint temperatures (4-6ºC lower than tropical counterparts), or at annual maxima. Modeled relationships between temperature and P:R were compared to a year of daily sub-tropical sea temperatures and revealed that the relatively short time spent at any one temperature, limited optimal performance of all strategies to approximately half the days of the year. Thus, while subtropical corals can adjust their physiology to persist through seasonal lows, seasonal variation seems to be the key factor limiting coral productivity. This constraint on rapid reef accretion within subtropical environments provides insight into the global distribution of future coral reefs and their ecosystem services.
Figure 3 from: Zumstein P, Bruelheide H, Fichtner A, Schuldt A, Staab M, Härdtle W, Zhou H, Assmann T (2021) What shapes ground beetle assemblages in a tree species-rich subtropical forest? In: Spence J, Casale A, Assmann T, Liebherr JК, Penev L (Eds) Systematic Zoology and Biodiversity Science: A tribute to Terry Erwin (1940-2020). ZooKeys 1044: 907-927. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.63803
Figure 3 Relationships between ground beetle biomass and canopy cover (A) and herb cover (B). Black lines indicate significant relationships at p < 0.05 obtained from mixed-effects models (keeping other significant predictors fixed at their means) with grey areas indicating the 95% confidence intervals. Points (slightly jittered to improve visibility) represent observed values per trap. The fixed-effects explained 30% of the variation in ground beetle biomass.
Figure 4 from: Zumstein P, Bruelheide H, Fichtner A, Schuldt A, Staab M, Härdtle W, Zhou H, Assmann T (2021) What shapes ground beetle assemblages in a tree species-rich subtropical forest? In: Spence J, Casale A, Assmann T, Liebherr JК, Penev L (Eds) Systematic Zoology and Biodiversity Science: A tribute to Terry Erwin (1940-2020). ZooKeys 1044: 907-927. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.63803
Figure 4 Representatives of ground beetles from pitfall traps and flight interception traps in Gutianshan NP ACarabus kiukiangensisBCarabus davidisCLioptera erotyloidesDTricondyla macrodera.
Figure 2 from: Zumstein P, Bruelheide H, Fichtner A, Schuldt A, Staab M, Härdtle W, Zhou H, Assmann T (2021) What shapes ground beetle assemblages in a tree species-rich subtropical forest? In: Spence J, Casale A, Assmann T, Liebherr JК, Penev L (Eds) Systematic Zoology and Biodiversity Science: A tribute to Terry Erwin (1940-2020). ZooKeys 1044: 907-927. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.63803
Figure 2 Relationships between ground beetle species richness and canopy cover (A) and herb cover (B). Black lines indicate significant relationships at p < 0.05 obtained from mixed-effects models (keeping other significant predictors fixed at their means) with grey areas indicating the 95% confidence intervals. Points represent observed values per trap. Note that some traps had similar richness and predictor values. The fixed-effects explained 12% of the variation in ground beetle species richness.
Figure 1 from: Zumstein P, Bruelheide H, Fichtner A, Schuldt A, Staab M, Härdtle W, Zhou H, Assmann T (2021) What shapes ground beetle assemblages in a tree species-rich subtropical forest? In: Spence J, Casale A, Assmann T, Liebherr JК, Penev L (Eds) Systematic Zoology and Biodiversity Science: A tribute to Terry Erwin (1940-2020). ZooKeys 1044: 907-927. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.63803
Figure 1 Relationships between ground beetle abundance and canopy cover (A), herb cover (B) and pH-value of the soil (C). Black lines indicate significant relationships at p < 0.05 obtained from mixed-effects models (keeping other significant predictors fixed at their means) with grey areas indicating the 95% confidence intervals. Points represent observed values per trap. Note that some traps had similar abundance and predictor values. The fixed-effects explained 22% of the variation in ground beetle abundance.
FIGURE 4 in Tropical and Subtropical Velvet Ants of the Genus Dasymutilla Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) with Descriptions of 45 New Species
FIGURE 4. Integument of tergum II. 4A. Integument with maculae. 4B. Integument without maculae.
Variation in leaf temperatures of tropical and subtropical trees are related to leaf thermoregulatory traits and not geographic distributions dataset
<p>To predict the effects of global warming on plants, previous studies have investigated how the distributions and physiological performances of plants relate to environmental temperatures. This approach implicitly assumes that leaf temperatures are tightly linked with regional air temperatures. However, the thermoregulatory behaviors and physical properties of leaves can differ greatly between species, leading to different plants having different leaf temperatures even when occurring under similar conditions. It is important to understand this variation in leaf thermoregulatory traits and temperatures in order to predict how individual species will be impacted by global warming. We measured the thermal properties of leaves from >50 tropical and subtropical tree species grown at the Gifford Arboretum (Florida, USA). For each species we measured maximum leaf temperature and rate of leaf warming using a new standardized protocol to control for both environmental variation and select plant thermoregulatory behaviors. We tested the relationships between the thermal variables and several leaf functional traits. Even under laboratory-controlled conditions, leaf temperatures varied by over 8.5<sup>o</sup>C amongst species. Maximum leaf temperature was positively correlated with leaf area and rate of leaf warming was negatively correlated with water content per leaf area. This suggests that some species may be able to offset rising air temperatures through acclimation or adaptation of leaf properties. Next, we tested the relationships between the species' leaf thermal properties and their climatic niches/distributions, but we found no significant associations. These results call into question the use of regional air temperatures to model plant physiological and demographic performance.</p>
Figure 2 in Nest-site microhabitat association of red-billed leiothrix in subtropical fragmented forest in central China: evidence for a reverse edge effect on nest predation risk?
Figure 2. Nest sites of red-billed leiothrix (a) in the forest and (b) in the scrub-grassland.
Data from: In situ glacial survival maintains high genetic diversity of Mussaenda kwangtungensis on continental islands in subtropical China
<p>Generally, island populations are predicted to have less genetic variation than their mainland relatives. However, there has been exceptions, indicating that the relationships were impacted by several factors, e.g historical processes. In the present study, we chose a group of subtropical islands located in South China as the study system, which are quite younger and much closer to the mainland than most of the previous studied island systems, to test the hypothesis that<i> in situ</i> glacial survival contributes to high levels of genetic diversity in island populations. We conducted a comparison of genetic variation between 12 island and 11 nearby mainland populations of <i>Mussaenda kwangtungensis</i> using eleven nuclear microsatellite and three chloroplast markers, evaluated effects of the island area and distance to mainland on genetic diversity of island populations, and simulated the potential distribution over the past by ecological niche modelling, together with the genetic data to detect the role of islands during the glacial periods. The island populations displayed comparable levels of genetic diversity and differentiation with mainland populations, overall high levels of unique polymorphisms, and the greatest values of specific within-population genetic diversity. No significant correlation was detected between genetic diversity of island populations and distance to mainland, as well as area of islands, except that allelic richness was significantly positively correlated with the area of islands. Nuclear microsatellites revealed two main clusters, largely corresponding to islands and inland populations, which divergence dated to a time of island formation by ABC analysis. Ecological Niche Modelling predicted a highly climatic suitability on islands during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Our results suggest that the islands have acted as refugia during the LGM and highlight the role of <i>in situ</i> glacial survival in maintaining high levels of genetic diversity of <i>M. kwangtungensis</i> in continental islands of subtropical China.</p>
Leaf functional traits and insular colonization: subtropical islands as a melting pot of trait diversity in a widespread plant lineage
<p><strong>Aim: </strong>One of the main goals of functional biogeography is to examine distribution patterns of trait diversity, and islands provide excellent study cases for this emerging field. We tested the hypothesis that multiple dispersals from a common mainland pool would promote functional similarity among island systems when environmental conditions are similar, but also novel phenotypic traits related to colonization history and exploitation of new habitats.</p> <p><strong>Location: </strong>Mediterranean Basin and Macaronesian islands</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> We used the well-known biogeographical history of a woody plant complex (Periploca laevigata s.l.) to examine trait variation and how it relates to climatic conditions of mainland and subtropical island settings. In a common garden experiment, we measured a suite of leaf physiological and anatomical traits tightly related to plant performance in 320 seedlings representing 21 populations of five sublineages: the oldest (2.6 my) island colonization (western Canary Islands) as a reference, three sublineages stemming from independent events of island colonization in the last 0.5 my from NW Africa (Cape Verde, Fuerteventura, Lanzarote), and their widespread Mediterranean mainland counterpart.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> We observed strong phenotypic divergence between island and mainland sublineages linked to contrasting climatic conditions. Mediterranean mainland populations displayed a very specialized leaf phenotype characteristic of arid plants (i.e. small leaves, amphistomaty, isobilateral mesophyll, high photosynthetic rates). In turn, low seasonality on islands was linked to the recurrent expression of a phenotype characterized by larger leaves and lower photosynthetic rates. Our analyses showed that the high investment in secondary compounds (i.e. tannins) on islands decouples photosynthesis from growth rates. Despite this pattern of parallel differentiation, each island sublineage displayed a distinctive phenotype, with some traits related to colonization time, which resulted in a mosaic of functional variation across island systems.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>Our data suggest that the studied subtropical islands promote expression of traits specific to certain sublineages and other common traits that are no untypeset proof Page 2 of 50 Journal of Biogeography longer adaptive in the original mainland pool due to Pleistocene climatic shifts. These findings ultimately extend the role of islands as biodiversity refugia and hotspots of plant functional diversity.</p>
FIG. 3. W in Thrips (Thysanoptera) pollination in Australian subtropical rainforests, with particular reference to pollination of Wilkiea huegeliana (Monimiaceae)
FIG. 3. W. huegeliana; male and female ¯owers.
Fig. 3 in Susceptibility of tropical mountain forests to biological invasions from the temperate and subtropical zone, exemplified by Zonitoides (Gastropoda: Gastrodontidae)
Fig. 3. Climatic suitability for (a) Zonitoides arboreus s.l.; and (b) Zonitoides nitidus on the Malaysian Peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo, based on Mahalanobis distances. The higher the threshold, the more dissimilar are the climatic conditions to those of the majority of known occurrences.>100% means that the climatic conditions are dissimilar to those of any available record. The new records for the species (white circles) were not included in the calculation of the climatic suitability.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.