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Fig. 6 in Pseudocetherinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) revisited: phylogeny and taxonomy of the lobe-headed bugs

Fig. 6. Diagnostic characters of Voconia Stål, 1866 shown on Voconia dolichocephala sp. nov. (AMNH_PBI 00168745). A–B. Head, dorsal view; maxillary plates = blue, mandibular plates = green. C. Hemelytra, Cu-An1 cell = red. D. Head and thorax, lateral view; anteriad directed process = purple; E. Labium. F. Pygophore, dorsal view. G. Paramere.

Fig. 7 in Pseudocetherinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) revisited: phylogeny and taxonomy of the lobe-headed bugs

Fig. 7. Dorsal habitus of holotypes of Voconia Stål, 1866 species with distribution: purple = Afrotropical region, green = Australasian region, pink = Oriental region. Scale bars = 3 mm.

Fig. 20 in Pseudocetherinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) revisited: phylogeny and taxonomy of the lobe-headed bugs

Fig. 20. The distribution of species of Gerbelius Distant, 1903 and Voconia Stål, 1866 in Southeast Asia.

Fig. 2. Tree resulting from implied weighting analysis using K in Pseudocetherinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) revisited: phylogeny and taxonomy of the lobe-headed bugs

Fig. 2. Tree resulting from implied weighting analysis using K = 12 with characters unambiguously optimized. Symmetric resampling values over 51 are represented for trees obtained with K = 3, K = 6, K = 9, and K = 12 analyses. Characters and character states are described in pp. 11–22. Specimens not to scale.

Fig. 4. Morphological characters. A–D in Pseudocetherinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) revisited: phylogeny and taxonomy of the lobe-headed bugs

Fig. 4. Morphological characters. A–D. Scutellum and hemelytron, dorsal view. A. Gerbelius typicus Distant, 1903.B. Voconia lirophleps sp. nov. C. Voconia bracata sp. nov.D. Voconia schoutedeni (Villiers, 1964) comb. nov. E. Voconia grandioculata sp. nov., thorax, lateral view. F–H. Voconia nyx sp. nov. F. Thorax, lateral view. G. Fore tibia, ventral view. H. Mid tibia and tarsus, ventral view. I–K. Hind femur, posterior view. I. Voconia mexicana sp. nov. J. Voconia decorata sp. nov. K. Voconia bracata sp. nov.

Fig. 3. Morphological characters. A–D in Pseudocetherinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) revisited: phylogeny and taxonomy of the lobe-headed bugs

Fig. 3. Morphological characters. A–D. Head in dorsal view. A. Gerbelius nr. confluens. B. Voconia decorata sp. nov. C. Voconia pallidipes Stål, 1866. D. Voconia schoutedeni (Villiers, 1964) comb. nov. E–G. Head in lateral view. E. Voconia wegneri (Miller, 1954) comb. nov. F. Voconia dolichocephala sp. nov. G. Gerbelius typicus Distant, 1903. H. Voconia loki sp. nov., head and pronotum in dorsal view. I–J. Prosternum in ventrolateral view. I. Voconia mexicana sp. nov. J. Voconia bracata sp. nov. K–L. Pronotum in dorsal view. K. Voconia conradti (Jeannel, 1917) comb. nov. L. Voconia tuberculata sp. nov.

Fig. 1. Strict consensus tree resulting from equal weighting analysis. Jackknife values over 51 in Pseudocetherinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) revisited: phylogeny and taxonomy of the lobe-headed bugs

Fig. 1. Strict consensus tree resulting from equal weighting analysis. Jackknife values over 51 are reported for tree one of eight.

FIG. 2 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

FIG. 2. — Crania in right view from late Middle to Late Pleistocene of Apulia: A, IGF16329, cranium of male of Equus mosbachensis von Reichenau, 1903 from San Sidero; B, CC467, cranium of female of Equus ferus from Cardamone; C, CC468, cranium of male of Equus ferus Boddaert, 1785 from Cardamone.Scale bars: 5 cm

FIG. 1 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

FIG. 1. — Location of the considered Apulian sites: 1, Grotta Santa Croce; 2, SMA-esterno; 3, Grotta Laceduzza; 4, Castellaneta; 5, Cardamone; 6, Grotta Mario Bernardini - Grotta Uluzzo C - Grotta di Capelvenere; 7, San Sidero – Melpignano; 8, Grotta Zinzulusa; 9, Fondo Focone; 10, Grotta dei Giganti Grotta delle Tre Porte.

FIG. 4 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

FIG. 4. — Boxplot of the length of the lower teeth considered for chronology: A, second premolar (P2L); B, third-fourth premolar (P3-4L); C, first-second molar (M1-2L); D, third molar (M3L). For the groups, see Table 1.

FIG. 3 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

FIG. 3. — Mandible of Equus from late Middle to Late Pleistocene of Apulia in labial (1), lingual (2) and occlusal (3) views: A1-A3, IGF16330, Equus mosbachensis von Reichenau, 1903 from San Sidero; B1-B3, CC414, Equus ferus Boddaert, 1785 from Cardamone; C1-C3, MPND396 (ex. Cur11), left hemimandible of Equus mosbachensis from Melpignano; D1-D3, C2 20b 77, right hemimandible from SMA-esterno; E1-E3, C2 20b 80, left hemimandible from SMA-esterno. Scale bars: 5 cm.

FIG. 8 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

FIG. 8. — Standard bivariate plot of muzzle length (ML) and muzzle breadth at the posterior borders of I3 (MB) of caballoid horses from Middle to Late Pleistocene of Europe (Appendix 9). Symbol: square, Middle Pleistocene specimens; circle, Late Pleistocene specimens.

FIG. 5 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

FIG. 5. — Boxplot of the length of the upper teeth considered for chronology: A, second premolar (P2L); B, third-fourth premolar (P3-4L); C, first-second molar; (M1-2L); D, third molar (M3L). For the groups see Table 1.

APPENDIX 6 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

APPENDIX 6. — Boxplot of length of lower molars (A, M L; B, M3L) from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene sites of the Apulia. Abbreviations see: Table 1. 1-2

APPENDIX 5 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

APPENDIX 5. — Boxplot of length of lower premolars (A, P2L; B, P3-4L) from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene sites of the Apulia.Abbreviations see: Table 1.

APPENDIX 4 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

APPENDIX 4. — Boxplot of length of upper molars (A, M1-2L; B, M3L) from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene sites of the Apulia. Abbreviations: see Table 1.

APPENDIX 2 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

APPENDIX 2. — Schematic stratigraphical log of Grotta Uluzzo C (modified from Borzatti von LÖwenstern & Magaldi 1969).

FIG. 7 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

FIG. 7. — Postflexid index of the lower teeth of Equus species from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene sites of the Apulia. Abbreviations: see Table 1.

APPENDIX 1 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

APPENDIX 1. — Schematic stratigraphic log of Grotta Mario Bernardini (modified from Borzatti von LÖwenstern 1970).

APPENDIX 3 in Equids from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene of the Apulia Peninsula (southern Italy): reassessment of their taxonomy and biochronology

APPENDIX 3. — Boxplot of length of upper premolars (A, P2L; B, P3-4L) from the late Middle Pleistocene to Early Holocene sites of the Apulia. For the abbreviations: see Table 1.