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Fig. 11 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 11. Horizontal slices through the dermal roof and dorsal portion of the neurocranium of Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844). See appendix 1 for anatomical abbreviations.

Fig. 19 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 19. Horizontal slices through the basicranium of Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844) ventral to the endocranial cavity. Pneumatization of this region is complex and probably reflects diverticulae from multiple sources, although considerable communication between the resultant cavities does exist. See appendix 1 for anatomical abbreviations.

Fig. 7 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 7. The dorsal rim of the left orbit in Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844) in dorsolateral (A) and left lateral (B) views. See appendix 1 for anatomical abbreviations.

Fig. 6 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 6. Stereopairs of the articulated braincase of Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844) in rostral (A) and caudal (B) views. Images are reconstructed from CT data.

Fig. 4 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 4. Rostral (A) and caudal (B) views of the articulated braincase of Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844). See appendix 1 for anatomical abbreviations.

Fig. 5 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 5. Stereopairs of the articulated braincase of Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844) in left lateral (A), right lateral (B), dorsal (C), and ventral (D) views. Images are reconstructed from CT data.

Fig. 1 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 1. The relationships of Alioramus altai within Tyrannosauroidea based on the phylogenetic analyses of Brusatte et al. (2010a, 2012). The majority of comparative observations in this study are restricted to those taxa represented in bold type.

Fig. 17 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 17. Horizontal cutaway slice and line drawing of the caudoventral portion of the endocranial cavity in Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844). Note the crista tuberalis (ct) fails to divide the medial extent of the cavum metoticum (cm). See appendix 1 for other anatomical abbreviations.

Fig. 24 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 24. Horizontal slice through the braincase of Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844) showing the separate canals for the ophthalmic (V1) and maxillomandibular (V2/3) branches of the right trigeminal nerve projecting from a shared fossa within the endocranial cavity. See appendix 1 for other anatomical abbreviations.

Fig. 3 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 3. Left lateral (A) and right lateral (B) views of the articulated braincase of Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844). See appendix 1 for anatomical abbreviations.

Fig. 34 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 34. Photographs of the occipital region of the braincase in (A) Guanlong wucaii (IVPP V14531), (B) Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844), and (C) Tyrannosaurus rex (MOR 1125). The dorsal part of the occiput of Guanlong is in caudal view, but because of crushing, the ventral portion of the occiput (occipital condyle and basal tubera) is deflected somewhat ventrally and therefore viewed at an angle. The depressed center of the suproccipital/parietal suture (dc) causes the right and left bifurcations of the supraoccipital (rb and lb, respectively) to stick out as caudally projecting tabs. ''149*'' refers to the absence (0) or presence (1) of the caudally projecting tabs. Other numbers refer to the character and character states listed in the Discussion.

Fig. 29 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 29. Sagittal slice through the braincase of Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844). Note the confluence of the basisphenoid (bsr), subsellar (ssr), and basipterygoid recesses (bpr) through the interbasipterygoidal lamina (ibtl). See appendix 1 for other anatomical abbreviations.

Fig. 2 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 2. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the articulated braincase of Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844). See appendix 1 for anatomical abbreviations.

Fig. 23 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 23. Coronal slices through the braincase of Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844). Both slices intersect the prootic fossa (prf). See appendix 1 for other anatomical abbreviations.

Fig. 28 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 28. The dorsocaudal surface of the paroccipital process (pop) of Alioramus altai (IGM 100/1844). Note the thin process of the parietal (pa) that participates in the process and the relatively large foramen (ctra), which communicates directly with an internal cavity of the caudal tympanic recess. See appendix 1 for other anatomical abbreviations.

Fig. 35 in The Braincase Anatomy Of The Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Alioramus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Fig. 35. Right lateral surface of the braincase of Alioramus (IGM 100/1844). Numbers refer to the character and character states listed in the Discussion.

FIG. 30 in Reassessment Of A Historical Collection Of Sauropod Dinosaurs From The Northern Morrison Formation Of Wyoming, With Implications For Sauropod Biogeography

FIG. 30. Anterior midcaudal vertebrae of Neosauropoda indet. CM 36034 in A, E, anterior; B, F, left lateral; C, G, posterior; and D, H, right lateral views. Note the strongly developed chevron facets and the inclination of the neural canal. The specimen was initially cataloged as CM 1256 and later recataloged as CM 36034. The number 179 corresponds to the field number. Scale bar applies to both bones and all views. Abbreviations: chf, chevron facet; nc, neural canal; POSL, postspinal lamina; prz, prezygapophysis; SPOL, spinopostzygapophyseal lamina; vlr, ventrolateral ridge. Photos by Andrew McAfee (A, D–H) and Enrica Sarotto (B, C).

FIG. 27 in Reassessment Of A Historical Collection Of Sauropod Dinosaurs From The Northern Morrison Formation Of Wyoming, With Implications For Sauropod Biogeography

FIG. 27. Hind limb elements of Camarasauridae indet. CM 36020 (A–D) and CM 36022 (E, F). Right tibia of CM 36020 in A, anterior and B, posterior views. Right fibula of CM 36020 in C, medial and D, lateral views. Right fibula of CM 36022 in E, medial and F, lateral views. The bones were initially cataloged as CM 1256 and later recataloged as CM 36020 (A–D) and CM 36022 (E, F). The numbers 215 and 216 correspond to field numbers. Scale bar applies to all bones/views. Abbreviations: cc, cnemial crest; fit, fibular trochanter; tis, tibial scar. Photos by E.T. (A–E) and Andrew McAfee (F).

FIG. 28 in Reassessment Of A Historical Collection Of Sauropod Dinosaurs From The Northern Morrison Formation Of Wyoming, With Implications For Sauropod Biogeography

FIG. 28. Caudal vertebrae, chevron, and partial ischium of Neosauropoda indet. CM 312, with original specimen collection tag. Partial anterior caudal vertebra lacking the neural spine in A, posterior; B, right lateral; and C, anterior views. Partial posterior caudal vertebra lacking part of the neural arch in D, dorsal; E, anterior; F, left lateral; G, posterior; and H, ventral views. Partial anterior chevron lacking the distal end of the shaft in I, left lateral; J, posterior; and K, right lateral views. Distal end of right ischium in L, medial; M, dorsal; N, lateral; O, ventral; and P, distal views; proximal toward the top in L–P. Scale bars are different for the four bones. Abbreviations: hc, hemal canal; isa, ischial articular surface; lr, lateral ridge; nar, neural arch; pk, posterior keel; prz, prezygapophysis; tp, transverse process. Photos by Andrew McAfee (A, C–E, G–I, K, L, N–P) and E.T. (B, F, J, M).

FIG. 26 in Reassessment Of A Historical Collection Of Sauropod Dinosaurs From The Northern Morrison Formation Of Wyoming, With Implications For Sauropod Biogeography

FIG. 26. Left femur of Camarasauridae indet. CM 36021. A, proximal; B, medial; C, anterior; D, lateral; and E, distal views. Scale bar applies to all views. Abbreviations: fh, femoral head; ft, fourth trochanter; lb, lateral bulge. Photos by Andrew McAfee.