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FIGURE 8. Aristolochia hyperxantha. A in The taxonomic revision of Asian Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) II: Identities of Aristolochia austroyunnanensis and A. dabieshanensis, and A. hyperxantha-a new species from Zhejiang, China
FIGURE 8. Aristolochia hyperxantha. A. Habitat; B. Leaves; C. Flower in frontal view; D. Anthers and gynostemium; E. Fruit; F. Seeds. (photographed by X.X.Zhu)
FIGURE 5. Aristolochia heterophylla. A in The taxonomic revision of Asian Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) II: Identities of Aristolochia austroyunnanensis and A. dabieshanensis, and A. hyperxantha-a new species from Zhejiang, China
FIGURE 5. Aristolochia heterophylla. A. Habitat; B. Leaves; C. Flower in frontal view; D. Flower in lateral view; E. Longitudinalsection of flower (showing inside structure); F. Flower in frontal view. (A–E: photographed by R.B.Zhu from Yang County, Shaanxi; F: photographed by B.Tian from Nanzheng County, Shaanxi)
FIGURE 10. A–C in The taxonomic revision of Asian Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) II: Identities of Aristolochia austroyunnanensis and A. dabieshanensis, and A. hyperxantha-a new species from Zhejiang, China
FIGURE 10. A–C: Aristolochia hyperxantha. A. Flower in frontal view; B. Flower in lateral view; C. Longitudinal-section of flower (showing inside structure). D–F: A. mollissima. D. Flower in frontal view; E. Flower in lateral view; F. Longitudinal-section of flower (showing inside structure). G–I: A. dabieshanensis. G. Flower in frontal view; H. Flower in lateral view; I. Longitudinal-section of flower (showing inside structure). (photographed by X.X.Zhu)
FIGURE 4. A–C in The taxonomic revision of Asian Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) II: Identities of Aristolochia austroyunnanensis and A. dabieshanensis, and A. hyperxantha-a new species from Zhejiang, China
FIGURE 4. A–C: Aristolochia dabieshanensis. A. Habit; B. Flower; C. Longitudinal-section of flower (showing inside structure). D–F: A. heterophylla. D. Habit; E. Flower; F. Longitudinal-section of flower (showing inside structure). (A–C: photographed by X.X.Zhu from Dabie Mountains, Jinzhai County, Anhui; D–F: photographed by W.Du from Shennongjia Forestry District, Hubei)
FIGURE 7. Aristolochia hyperxantha. A in The taxonomic revision of Asian Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) II: Identities of Aristolochia austroyunnanensis and A. dabieshanensis, and A. hyperxantha-a new species from Zhejiang, China
FIGURE 7. Aristolochia hyperxantha. A. Flowering branch; B. Flower in frontal view; C. Longitudinal-section of flower (showing inside structure); D. Anthers and gynostemium; E. Fruit. (Drawn by H.X.Dong. A–D: from X.X.Zhu, P.Ding & D.H.Yu ZH099; E: from X.X.Zhu ZH117.)
FIGURE 2. Cecropia candida. A in Hidden in plain sight: the identity of the white-leaved snakewood species from southeastern Brazil, Cecropia candida Snethl. and Cecropia hololeuca Miq. (Urticaceae)
FIGURE 2. Cecropia candida. A. Branch bearing leaves and staminate inflorescences; B. Detail of indumentum of leafy twigs and petioles; C. Adaxial leaf surface with arachnoid indumentum; D. Adaxial leaf surface with pilose indumentum; E. Leaf twigs bearing branches, petioles and staminate inflorescence; F. Pistillate inflorescence; G. Detail of surface of pistillate inflorescence; H. Detail of surface of staminate inflorescence; I. Pistillate flower; J. Stamen; K. Staminate flower. A, B, C, E, H, J and K from Silva 838; G and I from Silva 806; D from Silva 836. Drawing by Marcus J.A. Falcão.
FIGURE 1. Cecropia candida A in Hidden in plain sight: the identity of the white-leaved snakewood species from southeastern Brazil, Cecropia candida Snethl. and Cecropia hololeuca Miq. (Urticaceae)
FIGURE 1. Cecropia candida A. Habitat in the municipality of Alto Caparaó, Minas Gerais, Brazil; B. Stipules; C. Adaxial leaf surface with velutinous hairs; D. Adaxial leaf surface with arachnoid hairs; E. Staminate inflorescences; F. Pistillate inflorescences.
FIGURE 1. Hedyotis beddomei Hook.f in On the identity and rediscovery of Hedyotis beddomei Hook. f. (Rubiaceae): a lesser known endemic species of Western Ghats, India
FIGURE 1. Hedyotis beddomei Hook.f.: A. Habit; B. & C. Inflorescence; D. & E. Flower; F. Stipule; G. Calyx; H. Outer bract; I. Inner bracts; J. Corolla lobe; K. Stamen; L. Pistil; M. Fruit; N. Seed. (from CMPR 9895; Photos credit: KM Prabhu)
FIGURE 4 in Notes on the identity of two Indian species of Lindernia sensu stricto (Linderniaceae), and lectotypification of the name L. srilankana
FIGURE 4. Holotype of Lindernia parviflora (CAL!). "Reproduced with kind permission of the Director, Botanical Survey of India, Howrah".
FIGURE 2 in Notes on the identity of two Indian species of Lindernia sensu stricto (Linderniaceae), and lectotypification of the name L. srilankana
FIGURE 2. Isotype of Lindernia calemeriana (CALI!). "Reproduced with kind permission of from University of Calicut, Kerala".
FIGURE 3 in Notes on the identity of two Indian species of Lindernia sensu stricto (Linderniaceae), and lectotypification of the name L. srilankana
FIGURE 3. Lectotype of Lindernia dubia (=Gratiola dubia) (BM000038848!). "Reproduced with kind permission from Natural History Museum, London".
FIGURE 1 in Notes on the identity of two Indian species of Lindernia sensu stricto (Linderniaceae), and lectotypification of the name L. srilankana
FIGURE 1. Lectotype of Lindernia srilankana (PDA!). "Reproduced with kind permission of the Director General of the Department of National Botanic Gardens, Sri Lanka".
FIGURE 2. Nephelaphyllum maliauensis. A. Habit. B–D. Flower and pedicellate ovary. E. Flattened lip. F. Dorsal sepal. G. Lateral petal. H. Lateral sepal. I. Anther cap and pollinia. J. Column. K in Nephelaphyllum maliauensis (Orchidaceae; Collabiinae), a new species from the Maliau Basin, Sabah, Borneo, with a discussion of the taxonomic identities of N. pulchrum, N. latilabre and N. flabellatum
FIGURE 2. Nephelaphyllum maliauensis. A. Habit. B–D. Flower and pedicellate ovary. E. Flattened lip. F. Dorsal sepal. G. Lateral petal. H. Lateral sepal. I. Anther cap and pollinia. J. Column. K. Bract. (A. Scale bar = 1 cm; B–H, J–K. = 3 mm; I = 1 mm.) Drawings by Kumi Hamasaki.
FIGURE 1 in Nephelaphyllum maliauensis (Orchidaceae; Collabiinae), a new species from the Maliau Basin, Sabah, Borneo, with a discussion of the taxonomic identities of N. pulchrum, N. latilabre and N. flabellatum
FIGURE 1. Nephelaphyllum maliauensis in the Maliau Basin, Sabah, Borneo (type locality). A. Flowering plant. B. Flowers. Photographed by Kenji Suetsugu.
FIGURE 3. A–B in Nephelaphyllum maliauensis (Orchidaceae; Collabiinae), a new species from the Maliau Basin, Sabah, Borneo, with a discussion of the taxonomic identities of N. pulchrum, N. latilabre and N. flabellatum
FIGURE 3. A–B: Nephelaphyllum pulchrum in the Maliau Basin, Sabah, Borneo (Tsukaya, Suetsugu & Anthony TSA-52, BORH). A. Flowering plant. B. Flowers. Photographed by Kenji Suetsugu. C–D: Nephelaphyllum latilabre from Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Borneo, Malaysia (near the type locality). C. Flowering plant. D. Flowers. Photographed by Yudai Okuyama.
FIGURE 2 in Clarification of the taxonomic identity of the Himalayan species Thalictrum neurocarpum (Ranunculaceae), with the reduction of T. austrotibeticum to its synonymy
FIGURE 2. Selected specimens of Thalictrum neurocarpum. A. India, Uttarakhand Pradesh, R. Strachey & J.E. Winterbottom 10 (BM). B. India, Himachal Pradesh, C. Howick & A. McNamara 1813 (E). C. Nepal, Mustang, J.D.A Stainton, W.R. Sykes & L.H.J. Williams 7983
FIGURE 3 in Clarification of the taxonomic identity of the Himalayan species Thalictrum neurocarpum (Ranunculaceae), with the reduction of T. austrotibeticum to its synonymy
FIGURE 3. Selected specimens of Thalictrum reniforme. A. China, Xizang, Cuona, Qinghai-Xizang Supp. Exped. 751821 (PE). B. China, Xizang, Gyirong, Qinghai-Xizang Veg. Exped. 5602 (PE). C. China, Xizang, Mailing, Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 74-1989 (KUN). D. China, Xizang, Yadong, P.C. Tsoong 5880 (PE).
Supplementary material for: Revealing the identity of Josa chazaliae (Simon, 1897) (Araneae: Anyphaenidae): new species and the highest altitude record for a spider in South America
<p>Geographical and elevation records of South American spiders higher than 3000 m above sea level.</p>
TABLE 1 in Male flowers reveal the true identity of a new species of Hechtia (Bromeliaceae) from the Mexican state of Jalisco
<p><b>TABLE 1.</b> Comparison of several morphological characters between <i>Hechtia santanae</i> and <i>Hechtia carrilloi</i>.</p><table><tbody><tr><th><b>Character</b></th><th><i>Hechtia santanae</i></th><th><i>Hechtia carrilloi</i></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Rosette size (height & diameter)</th><td>20–30 × 20–40 cm</td><td>10–12 × 28–30 cm</td></tr><tr><th>Growth pattern (<i>sensu</i> Ramírez <i>et al</i>., 2014)</th><td>SPFP: sympodial with precocious- flowering pattern</td><td>SPP: strict sympodial growth pattern</td></tr><tr><th>Foliar blade length × width</th><td>12–34 × (1.2–)1.7–2.8 cm</td><td>11–17 × 1.6–1.8 cm</td></tr><tr><th>Foliar indument</th><td>densely lepidote at both sides</td><td>sparsely silvery lepidote adaxially, densely white lepidote abaxially</td></tr><tr><th>Adaxial leaf indument</th><td>densely silvery-lepidote</td><td>almost glabrous</td></tr><tr><th>Spines length</th><td>1–3 mm</td><td>1–2 mm</td></tr><tr><th>Peduncle surface</th><td>waxy on inflorescences of both sexes</td><td>sparsely white-puberulent (J); glabrous to scattered lepidote (♀)</td></tr><tr><th>Peduncle internodes length (J)</th><td>1–2.5 cm</td><td>0.5–1.2 cm</td></tr><tr><th>Peduncle bract size (J)</th><td>2–9 × 0.7–0.9 cm</td><td>0.8–2.5 × 0.3–0.4 cm</td></tr><tr><th>Peduncle bracts relative length (J)</th><td>longer or equaling internodes</td><td>usually shorter than internodes</td></tr><tr><th>Branches apex (both sexes)</th><td>sterile</td><td>fertile</td></tr><tr><th>Branches number; angle with the main axis (J)</th><td>(35–)40–45; in an angle of 40–75°</td><td>30–50; in an angle of 85–90°</td></tr><tr><th>Branches length and diameter (J); number of flowers per branch</th><td>(3.5–)5.5–13.5 × 1.5–2 cm; 60–100 flowers</td><td>(1.5–)2–6 cm × 0.6–1 cm; (8–)20–65 flowers</td></tr><tr><th>Rachis cross section (J)</th><td>dorsiventrally flattened</td><td>terete</td></tr><tr><th>Stipes (J)</th><td>bracteate</td><td>ebracteate</td></tr><tr><th>Primary bracts size (J)</th><td>1–1.8(–2.5) × 0.4–0.7 cm</td><td>(5–)8–9 × 1–2 mm</td></tr><tr><th>Floral bracts size (J); number of nerves</th><td>3.4–3.9(–5.0) × 2.2–2.4 mm; 3–5-nerved</td><td>ca. 1 × 0.5 mm; 1-nerved</td></tr><tr><th>Corolla shape</th><td>obconical</td><td>tubular</td></tr><tr><th>Staminate flowers size (J)</th><td>5–5.5 mm long, 3.8–4.2 mm in diameter</td><td>4–5 mm long, 1–2 mm in diameter</td></tr><tr><th>Pedicels shape (J)</th><td>obconic</td><td>terete</td></tr><tr><th>Sepals size (J)</th><td>2.3–2.7 × 1.8–2.3 mm</td><td>ca. 1 × 1 mm</td></tr><tr><th>Petals size (J)</th><td>3.0–4.8 × 3.0–3.2 mm</td><td>2.5–2.8 × 1.5–2 mm</td></tr><tr><th>Length filaments of stamens</th><td>3.8–4.4 mm</td><td>ca. 3 mm</td></tr><tr><th>Relative length the petals at anthesis</th><td>stamens almost equaling the petal</td><td>stamens much longer than the petals</td></tr><tr><th>Anthers length and color</th><td>2.0–2.2 mm; reddish</td><td>0.8–1 mm; maroon</td></tr></tbody></table><p>...continued on the next page</p>
Data from: Maintenance of genetic and morphological identity in two sibling Syrrhopodon species (Calymperaceae, Bryopsida) despite extensive introgression
Bryophytes are a group of land plants wherein the role of hybridization has long been challenged. Using Genotyping by Sequencing to circumvent the lack of molecular variation at selected loci previously used for phylogeny and morphology, we determine the level of genetic and morphological divergence and reproductive isolation between the sibling Syrrhopodon annotinus and S. simmondsii (Calymperaceae, Bryopsida) that occur in sympatry but in different habitats in lowland Amazonian rainforests. A clear morphological differentiation and a low (0.06), but significant Fst derived from the analysis of 183 SNPs were observed between the two species. Conspecific pairs of individuals consistently exhibited higher average kinship coefficients along a gradient of geographic isolation than interspecific pairs. The weak, but significant genetic divergence observed is consistent with growing evidence that ecological specialization can lead to genetic differentiation among bryophyte species. Nevertheless, the spatial genetic structures of the two species were significantly correlated, as evidenced by the significant slope of the Mantel test based on kinship coefficients between pairs of interspecific individuals and the geographic distance separating them. Interspecific pairs of individuals are thus more closely related when they are geographically closer, suggesting that isolation-by-distance is stronger than the interspecific reproductive barrier and pointing to interspecific gene flow. We conclude that interspecific introgression, whose role has long been questioned in bryophytes, may take place even in species wherein sporophyte production is scarce due to dioicy, raising the question as to what mechanisms maintain differentiation despite weak reproductive isolation.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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