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FIGURE 6 in Two new species in Carex sect. Schoenoxiphium (Cyperaceae) from southern Africa

FIGURE 6. Picture of Carex parvirufa plant and detail of the inflorescence in both medium mountain altitudes (left; Semonkong, Lesotho, ca. 2600 m) and highlands morphotypes (right; Mafika Lisiu pass, Lesotho, ca. 3000 m).

FIGURE 5 in Two new species in Carex sect. Schoenoxiphium (Cyperaceae) from southern Africa

FIGURE 5. Analytical drawing of the holotype material of Carex parvirufa (Lesotho, Leribe district, Pitseng, Mafika Lisiu pass summit, T. Villaverde et al. 28TVH14, PRE). A: plant. B: androgynous spike. C: last order fertile utriculiform cladoprophyll and protruding androgynous spike. D: protruding fertile rachilla. E: pistillate glume. F: staminate glume. G: unisexual utricle. H: nutlet. I: utriculiform cladoprophyll without fertile rachilla depicted.—Drawing by Rodrigo Tavera.

FIGURE 3 in Two new species in Carex sect. Schoenoxiphium (Cyperaceae) from southern Africa

FIGURE 3. Picture of Carex badilloi plant and detail of the inflorescence (Garden Castle, South Africa).

FIGURE 4. A in Two new species in Carex sect. Schoenoxiphium (Cyperaceae) from southern Africa

FIGURE 4. A: Southern Africa map. The area enlarged below in B is enclosed in the square. B: Studied populations of Carex badilloi (crosses) and Carex parvirufa (circles).

FIGURE 1 in Two new species in Carex sect. Schoenoxiphium (Cyperaceae) from southern Africa

FIGURE 1. Boxplots of the most distinguishing traits among the species in the C. ludwigii group (Villaverde et al. in press.) of Carex sect. Schoenoxiphium. A: Plant height (cm). B: Mid-culm width (mm). C: Leaf width (mm). D: Utricle length (mm). E: Utricle width (mm).

FIGURE 2 in Two new species in Carex sect. Schoenoxiphium (Cyperaceae) from southern Africa

FIGURE 2. Analytical drawing of the holotype material of Carex badilloi (South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Drakensberg mountains, Garden Castle Natural Reserve, S. Martín-Bravo 96SMB11 & M. Luceño, PRE). A: plant. B: androgynous spike. C: aborted last order utriculiform cladoprophyll with protruding androgynous spike. D: staminate glume. E: pistillate glume. F: unisexual utricle. G: nutlet. H: fertile utriculiform cladoprophyll without fertile rachilla depicted.—Drawing by Rodrigo Tavera.

FIGURE 4. Lachenalia adamii, drawn from Harrower 4977. A. Flowering plant with bulblets. B in Two new species, two rediscoveries and a range extension in Lachenalia (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae) from southern and western South Africa

FIGURE 4. Lachenalia adamii, drawn from Harrower 4977. A. Flowering plant with bulblets. B. Single flower in lateral view. C. Dissected flower in lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm. Illustration by Vicki Thomas.

FIGURE 3 in Two new species, two rediscoveries and a range extension in Lachenalia (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae) from southern and western South Africa

FIGURE 3. Distribution of Lachenalia barbarae (black dot) in southern South Africa and Lachenalia adamii (black star) in western South Africa.

FIGURE 5 in Two new species, two rediscoveries and a range extension in Lachenalia (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae) from southern and western South Africa

FIGURE 5. Lachenalia adamii, view of plants leafing out in shale scree, Oorlogskloof Nature Reserve, northwestern Cape (A.) and flowering plants in cultivation (B.). Photographs by Adam Harrower.

FIGURE 2 in Two new species, two rediscoveries and a range extension in Lachenalia (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae) from southern and western South Africa

FIGURE 2. Lachenalia barbarae, general view of quartz habitat in Eastern Rûens Shale Renosterveld, Haarwegskloof Renosterveld Reserve, southern Cape (A.) and flowering plants (B, C). Photographs by Graham Duncan.

FIGURE 1. Lachenalia barbarae, drawn from Groenewald s.n. A. Flowering plant. B in Two new species, two rediscoveries and a range extension in Lachenalia (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae) from southern and western South Africa

FIGURE 1. Lachenalia barbarae, drawn from Groenewald s.n. A. Flowering plant. B. Single flower in lateral view. C. Single flower in front view. Scale bars: 10 mm. Illustration byVicki Thomas.

FIGURE 10 in Austronea (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new genus from southern Africa, including the description of seven new species

FIGURE 10. Distribution of Austronea species in southern Africa. A. linearis Mart.-Azorín et al. (red circle), A. olifanta Mart.-Azorín et al. (blue square) and A. pinguis Mart.-Azorín et al. (yellow triangle).

FIGURE 3 in Austronea (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new genus from southern Africa, including the description of seven new species

FIGURE 3. General morphology of species of Austronea. A. A. acarophylla (E.Brink & A.P.Dold) Mart.-Azorín et al. from Great Fish river, Eastern Cape, South Africa corresponding to MMA1040; B. A. barkerae (Oberm. ex J.C.Manning & Goldblatt) Mart.-Azorín et al. from SE of Redelinghuys, Western Cape, South Africa, corresponding to MMA1708; C. A. chalumnensis (E.Brink & A.P.Dold) Mart.- Azorín et al. from Chalumna river (type locality), Eastern Cape, South Africa, corresponding to MMA873; D. A. marginata (Thunb.) Mart.-Azorín et al. from W of Loeriesfontein, Northern Cape, South Africa, corresponding to MMA1293.

FIGURE 2 in Austronea (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new genus from southern Africa, including the description of seven new species

FIGURE 2. General morphology of living samples of Fusifilum showing white flowers and ovary, and fusiform, papillate filaments. A. F. physodes in cultivation corresponding to WW4159 (L.Mucina 021009/03); B. F. capitatum, from Van Reenen Pass, South Africa, corresponding to MMA1392; C. F. montanus from Groot Winterberg, Tarkastad, South Africa, corresponding to Dold & Cocks 4633 (GRA).

FIGURE 9 in Austronea (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new genus from southern Africa, including the description of seven new species

FIGURE 9. Austronea linearis Mart.-Azorín et al. from E of Calitzdorp (type locality), Western Cape, South Africa, in flower in the wild on 28 September 2011 corresponding to MMA928, fruits corresponding to MMA963. A. Inflorescence; B. Flowers, frontal and dorsal views; C. Flower and dissected flower in lateral view; D. Mature capsules, lateral views; E. Plants in flower; F. Young nodding inflorescence; G. Leaves. Scale bars: A, D–G: 1 cm; B–C: 3 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Austronea (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new genus from southern Africa, including the description of seven new species

FIGURE 1. Plate showing general morphology of Fusifilum species with white flowers and ovary, and fusiform, papillate filaments. A. Fusifilum physodes (Jacq.) Raf. as Anthericum physodes in Jacquin (1795: 18); B. Fusifilum capitatum (Hooker 1863: t. 5388) Speta (1998: 69) as Ornithogalum capitatum in Hooker (1863: t. 5388); C. Fusifilum pusillus (Jacq.) Speta as Anthericum pusillus in Jacquin (1795: 18).

FIGURE 6 in Austronea (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new genus from southern Africa, including the description of seven new species

FIGURE 6. Distribution of Austronea species in southern Africa. A. densiflora Mart.-Azorín et al. (red circle), A. grandiflora Mart.- Azorín et al. (blue square), A. hispidoplicata Mart.-Azorín et al. (yellow triangle) and A. papillosa Mart.-Azorín et al. (green diamond).

FIGURE 5 in Austronea (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new genus from southern Africa, including the description of seven new species

FIGURE 5. Austronea densiflora Mart.-Azorín et al. from the type locality, Grootkop Nature Reserve, NE of Oudtshoorn, Western Cape Province, South Africa, on 28 September 2011 corresponding to MMA891. A. Inflorescence; B. Flowers, frontal and dorsal views; C. Dissected flower in lateral view; D. Dissected flower showing tepals, stamens and gynoecium; E. Plants in flower; F. Bulb and leaves. Scale bars: A, E–F: 1 cm; B–D: 5 mm.

FIGURE 8 in Austronea (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new genus from southern Africa, including the description of seven new species

FIGURE 8. Austronea hispidoplicata Mart.-Azorín et al. from NE of Kotzesrus (type locality), Northern Cape, South Africa, in leaf in the wild on 20 August 2017 and in flower in cultivation in Alicante (Spain) on 13 October 2017 corresponding to MMA1788. A. Inflorescence; B. Flowers, frontal and lateral views; C. Dissected flower showing tepals, stamens and gynoecium; D. Withered leaf at flowering time; E. Bulbs with leaves, lateral views; F. Leaf, frontal and dorsal view. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Austronea (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a new genus from southern Africa, including the description of seven new species

FIGURE 4. General morphology of species of Austronea. A. A. pulchromarginata (J.C.Manning & Goldblatt) Mart.-Azorín et al. from Soebatsfontein (A1) (photo D. Human), Namakwa (A2–3) corresponding to MMA1242 and N of Kamieskroon (A4) corresponding to MMA1680, Northern Cape, South Africa; B. A. trichophylla (Mart.-Azorín et al.) Mart.-Azorín et al. from Table Fam (type locality), Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa corresponding to MMA613; C. A. vermiformis (J.C.Manning & Goldblatt) Mart.-Azorín et al. from Clanwilliam (type locality), Western Cape, South Africa, corresponding to MMA796.