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Data from: In situ glacial survival maintains high genetic diversity of Mussaenda kwangtungensis on continental islands in subtropical China
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Evaluating the effects of large marine predators on mobile prey behavior across subtropical reef ecosystems
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Stability in subtropical forests: the role of tree-species diversity, stand structure, environmental and socio-economic conditions
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Effects of nutrient enrichment on surface microbial community gene expression in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
GEO Series GSE109218. uncultured marine microorganism. 16 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Fig. 2 in Optimal fishing samplers to reveal the morphological structure of a fish assemblage in a subtropical tidal flat
Fig. 2. Landmarks and semilandmarks used in the geometric morphometric analysis (scale bar= 1 cm).
Figure 7 in Ontogenetic and sexual variation in the sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus (Teleostei; Sciaenidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) in a subtropical environment
Figure 7. Scatterplot of the principal component analysis of the contour of the sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus along its ontogeny sampled in two subtropical environments in the Southwestern Atlantic.
Figure 3. Otolith contour using 512 in Ontogenetic and sexual variation in the sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus (Teleostei; Sciaenidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) in a subtropical environment
Figure 3. Otolith contour using 512 equidistant point in the otolith the Menticirrhus americanus para a in a subtropical environment: D = dorsal region of otolith,V = ventral region of otolith, A = anterior region of otolith and P = posterior region of otolith.
Figure 4 in Ontogenetic and sexual variation in the sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus (Teleostei; Sciaenidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) in a subtropical environment
Figure 4. Frequency distribution of the total length (mm) of the Menticirrhus americanus in two environments in the Subtropical Southwestern Atlantic.
Figure 9 in Ontogenetic and sexual variation in the sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus (Teleostei; Sciaenidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) in a subtropical environment
Figure 9. Decomposition of the contour of the sagitta otoliths of males and females of Menticirrhus americanus, on the x-axis there are 512 Cartesian coordinates of the contour, y-axis, the means of the points. Females are black lines and males are gray lines. Circle in wavelet 4 to highlight more discrepant region between males and females.
Figure 10 in Ontogenetic and sexual variation in the sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus (Teleostei; Sciaenidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) in a subtropical environment
Figure 10. Decomposition of the contour of the sagitta otoliths of adult and young females of Menticirrhus americanus, on the x-axis there are 512 Cartesian coordinates of the contour, y-axis, the means of the points. Young females are the black lines and adult females, the gray lines.
Figure 8 in Ontogenetic and sexual variation in the sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus (Teleostei; Sciaenidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) in a subtropical environment
Figure 8. Decomposition of the contour of the sagitta otoliths throughout the ontogeny of Menticirrhus americanus, on the x-axis there are 512 Cartesian coordinates of the contour, y-axis, the means of the points. Interval class: dark blue 110-150 mm, orange 160-200 mm, grey 210-250 mm, yellow 260-300 mm and light blue 310-350 mm.
Figure 11 in Ontogenetic and sexual variation in the sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus (Teleostei; Sciaenidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) in a subtropical environment
Figure 11. Scatterplot of the principal component analysis of the contour of the sagitta otolith of males (blue circles), females (red circles), young females (green square) Menticirrhus americanus in an estuarine beach of a subtropical environments in the Subtropical Southwestern Atlantic.
Figure 6 in Ontogenetic and sexual variation in the sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus (Teleostei; Sciaenidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) in a subtropical environment
Figure 6. Box plot (mean and confidence interval) of morphometric parameters and morphometric indices of the otolith sagitta of Menticirrhus americanus per class interval: (A) otolith length (OL), (B) otolith height (OH), (C) OL/TL aspect ratio, (D) OH/OL% aspect ratio, (E) form factor, (F) rectangularity, (G) ellipticity and (H) surface of the sulcus acusticus (SRS). Circles indicate outliers.
Figure 5 in Ontogenetic and sexual variation in the sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus (Teleostei; Sciaenidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) in a subtropical environment
Figure 5. Micrograph of the inner face of the right sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus throughout its ontogenetic development: (A) 132 mm interval 110-150 magnification 52x, (B) 169 mm interval 160-200 magnification 42x, (C) 214 mm interval 210-250 magnification 36x, (D) 285 mm interval 260-300 magnification 42x and (E) 333 mm interval 310-350 magnification 26x.
Figure 2 in Ontogenetic and sexual variation in the sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus (Teleostei; Sciaenidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) in a subtropical environment
Figure 2. Scheme of linear morphometry applied to the right otolith of Menticirrhus americanus collected in a subtropical environment: OL = maximum longitudinal length, OH = maximum perpendicular height, A = area of the otolith and AS = area of the sulcus acusticus, Pe = perimeter of the otolith and PeS = perimeter of the sulcus acusticus.
Figure 1 in Ontogenetic and sexual variation in the sagitta otolith of Menticirrhus americanus (Teleostei; Sciaenidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) in a subtropical environment
Figure 1. Sampling sites of Menticirrhus americanus in estuarine areas (P1) and a beach adjacent (P2) to the estuary in the Subtropical Southwestern Atlantic.
Data from: Contrasting effects of ammonium and nitrate additions on the biomass of soil microbial communities and enzyme activities in subtropical China
The nitrate to ammonium ratios in nitrogen (N) compounds in wet atmospheric deposits have increased over the recent past, which is a cause for some concern as the individual effects of nitrate and ammonium deposition on the biomass of different soil microbial communities and enzyme activities are still poorly defined. We established a field experiment and applied ammonium (NH4Cl) and nitrate (NaNO3) at monthly intervals over a period of 4 years. We collected soil samples from the ammonium and nitrate treatments and control plots in three different seasons, namely spring, summer, and fall, to evaluate the how the biomass of different soil microbial communities and enzyme activities responded to the ammonium (NH4Cl) and nitrate (NaNO3) applications. Our results showed that the total contents of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) decreased by 24 and 11 % in the ammonium and nitrate treatments, respectively. The inhibitory effects of ammonium on Gram-positive bacteria (G+) and bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) PLFA contents ranged from 14 to 40 % across the three seasons. We also observed that the absolute activities of C, N, and P hydrolyses and oxidases were inhibited by ammonium and nitrate, but that nitrate had stronger inhibitory effects on the activities of acid phosphatase (AP) than ammonium. The activities of N-acquisition specific enzymes (enzyme activities normalized by total PLFA contents) were about 21 and 43 % lower in the ammonium and nitrate treatments than in the control, respectively. However, the activities of P-acquisition specific enzymes were about 19 % higher in the ammonium treatment than in the control. Using redundancy analysis (RDA), we found that the measured C, N, and P hydrolysis and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities were positively correlated with the soil pH and ammonium contents, but were negatively correlated with the nitrate contents. The PLFA biomarker contents were positively correlated with soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), and total N contents, but were negatively correlated with the ammonium contents. The soil enzyme activities varied seasonally, and were highest in March and lowest in October. In contrast, the contents of the microbial PLFA biomarkers were higher in October than in March and June. Ammonium may inhibit the contents of PLFA biomarkers more strongly than nitrate because of acidification. This study has provided useful information about the effects of ammonium and nitrate on soil microbial communities and enzyme activities.
Data from: Variation in three community features across habitat types and scales within a 15-ha subtropical evergreen-deciduous broadleaved mixed forest dynamics plot in China
The evergreen and deciduous broadleaved mixed forests (EDBMFs) belong to one of the ecosystems most sensitive to environmental change, however, little is known about the environmental determinants for their plant diversity and forest structure at different habitat types and spatial scales. Here, we used data from a 15-ha (300×500 m) forest dynamic plot (FDP) of an old-growth EDBMF to examine the patterns and determinants of the three community features (stem abundance, rarefied species richness and basal area) in three habitat types (ridge, hillside and foothill) and at three spatial scales (20×20 m, 50×50 m and 100×100 m). We found that the three community features significantly changed with habitat type, but only one of them (rarefied richness) changed with scale. Among spatial scales, the principle environmental factors that widely affected community features were pH, SOM and TP, while these effects only taken place at certain habitat. Variations in the three community features explained by soil conditions were generally greater than those explained by topographical conditions. With changes in habitat type, the proportion of variations explained by environmental conditions was 31-53%, 8-25%, and 18-26% for abundance, rarefied richness and basal area (BA), respectively. With increasing spatial scale, the variations explained by environmental conditions were 44-75% for abundance, 28-95% for rarefied richness, and 18-86% for BA. Our study demonstrated that environmental factors had great impacts on the plant diversity and forest structure in the EDBMFs, especially the soil factors such as pH. In addition, the importance of the environmental determinants on these community features was highly related to the spatial scale.
Figure 1 in Anuran diversity of four taxocenoses of the subtropical Atlantic Forest from Santa Catarina and Paraná states Brazil
Figure 1. Map showing collection points in the four localities studied: BR-470 highway between Ilhota and Indaial municipalities (point 25), Santa Catarina state; Angelina and Major Gercino municipalities (point 30), Santa Catarina state; SC-370 highway in Urubici municipality (point 32), Santa Catarina state; and BR-116 highway between Curitiba and Mandirituba municipalities (point 19), Paraná state; and the other localities from literature: (1) Ribeirão Claro municipality, Paraná state, (2) low Tibagi river, (3) medium Tibagi river, (4) Parque Estadual do Guartelá, (5) Parque Estadual do Caxambú, (6) Parque Nacional dos Campos Gerais, (7) upper Tibagi river, (8) Reserva Natural Salto Morato, (9) Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, (10) Quatro Barras municipality, Paraná state, (11) Parque Estadual do Rio Guarani, (12) Palmeira municipality, Paraná state, (13) Curitiba municipality, Paraná state, (14) Campo Largo municipality, Paraná state, (15) Morretes municipality, Paraná state, (16) São José dos Pinhas municipality, Paraná state, (17) Parque Estadual Santa Clara, (18) Fazenda Experimental Gralha-Azul, (20) Tijucas do Sul municipality, Paraná state, (21) Rio Negro municipality, Paraná state, (22) Reserva da Vida Silvestre de Palmas, (23) UHE Quebra-Queixo, (24) Parque Nacional das Araucárias, (26) Irani river, (27) Floresta Nacional de Chapecó, (28) Parque Estadual do Turvo, (29) Parque Estadual Fritz Plaumann, (31) Parque Estadual da Serra do Tabuleiro, (33) Parque Estadual da Serra Furada, (34) Siderópolis municipality, Santa Catarina state, (35) Parque Nacional dos Aparados da Serra, (36) Parque Estadual de Itapeva, (37) Gaúcha mountain range, (38) Área de Proteção Ambiental Ibirapuitã, (39) Fundação Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária (FEPA), (40) Sentinela do Sul municipality, Rio Grande do Sul state. Red line – Capricorn tropic.
Data from: Estimations of evapotranspiration in an age sequence of Eucalyptus plantations in subtropical China
Eucalyptus species are widely planted for reforestation in subtropical China. However, the effects of Eucalyptus plantations on the regional water use remain poorly understood. In an age sequence of 2-, 4- and 6-year-old Eucalyptus plantations, the tree water use and soil evaporation were examined by linking model estimations and field observations. Results showed that annual evapotranspiration of each age sequence Eucalyptus plantations was 876.7, 944.1 and 1000.7 mm, respectively, accounting for 49.81%, 53.64% and 56.86% of the annual rainfall. In addition, annual soil evaporations of 2-, 4- and 6-year-old were 318.6, 336.1, and 248.7 mm of the respective Eucalyptus plantations. Our results demonstrated that Eucalyptus plantations would potentially reduce water availability due to high evapotranspiration in subtropical regions. Sustainable management strategies should be implemented to reduce water consumption in Eucalyptus plantations in the context of future climate change scenarios such as drought and warming.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.