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FIGURES 12–17 in Morphology and identification of the mature larvae of several species of the genus Otiorhynchus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae) from Central Europe with an update of the life history traits

FIGURES 12–17. Otiorhynchus raucus; mature larva. 12—habitus, lateral view, 13—lateral view of thoracic segments, 14—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 15—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–IX, 16—ventral view of abdominal segments VIII–X, 17—dorsal view of abdominal segments VIII–X. Abbreviations: Ab.—abdominal segment, Th.—thoracic s., I–X—number of segments, prns—pronotal seta(e), prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., pda—pedal s., as—alar s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ps—pleural s., sps—spiracular s., sts—sternal s., ds—dorsal s.

FIGURES 23–28 in Morphology and identification of the mature larvae of several species of the genus Otiorhynchus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae) from Central Europe with an update of the life history traits

FIGURES 23–28. Otiorhynchus sulcatus; mature larva. 23—habitus, lateral view, 24—lateral view of thoracic segments, 25—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 26—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–IX, 27—ventral view of abdominal segments VIII–X, 28—dorsal view of abdominal segments VIII–X. Abbreviations: Ab.—abdominal segment, Th.—thoracic s., I–X—number of segments, prns—pronotal seta(e), prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., pda—pedal s., as—alar s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ps—pleural s., sps—spiracular s., sts—sternal s., ds—dorsal s., ts—terminal s.

FIGURES 51–55 in Morphology and identification of the mature larvae of several species of the genus Otiorhynchus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae) from Central Europe with an update of the life history traits

FIGURES 51–55. Otiorhynchus armatus; mature larva and mouthparts. 51—dorsal view of head, 52—labrum and clypeus, 53—epipharynx, 54—left mandible, 55—maxillo-labial complex. Abbreviations: des—dorsoepicranial seta(e), fs—frontal s., les—lateroepicranial s., ves—ventroepicranial s., at—antenna, st—stemmata, cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s., ams—anteromedial s., als—anterolateral s., mes—medial s., lr—labral rods, mds—mandible dorsal s., dms—dorsal malae s., vms—ventral malae s., mxps—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipal s., mbs—mandible basiventral s., prms—prelabial s., pms—postlabial s., ligs—ligular s.

FIGURES 29–33 in Morphology and identification of the mature larvae of several species of the genus Otiorhynchus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae) from Central Europe with an update of the life history traits

FIGURES 29–33. Otiorhynchus sulcatus; mature larva and mouthparts. 29—dorsal view of head, 30—labrum and clypeus, 31—epipharynx, 32—left mandible, 33—maxillo-labial complex. Abbreviations: des—dorsoepicranial seta(e), fs—frontal s., les—lateroepicranial s., ves—ventroepicranial s., pes—postepicranial s., at—antenna, st—stemmata, cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s., ams—anteromedial s., als—anterolateral s., mes—medial s., lr—labral rods, mds—mandible dorsal s., dms—dorsal malae s., vms—ventral malae s., mxps—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipal s., mbs—mandible basiventral s., prms—prelabial s., pms—postlabial s., ligs—ligular s., so—sensory organ.

FIGURES 7–11 in Morphology and identification of the mature larvae of several species of the genus Otiorhynchus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae) from Central Europe with an update of the life history traits

FIGURES 7–11. Otiorhynchus indefinitus; mature larva and mouthparts. 7—dorsal view of head, 8—labrum and clypeus, 9—epipharynx, 10—left mandible, 11—maxillo-labial complex. Abbreviations: des—dorsoepicranial seta(e), fs—frontal s., les—lateroepicranial s., ves—ventroepicranial s., at—antenna, st—stemmata, lms—labral s., ams—anteromedial s., als—anterolateral s., lr—labral rods, mds—mandible dorsal s., dms—dorsal malar s., mes—median s., vms—ventral malar s., mxps—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipal s., mbs—mala basiventral s., prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s., HL—head length, HW—head width.

FIGURES 1–6 in Morphology and identification of the mature larvae of several species of the genus Otiorhynchus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae) from Central Europe with an update of the life history traits

FIGURES 1–6. Otiorhynchus indefinitus; mature larva. 1—habitus, lateral view, 2—lateral view of thoracic segments, 3—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 4—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–IX, 5—ventral view of abdominal segments VIII–X, 6—dorsal view of abdominal segments VIII–X. Abbreviations: Ab.—abdominal segments, Th.—thoracic s., I–X—number of segments, prns—pronotal seta(e), prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., pda—pedal s., as—alar s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ps—pleural s., sps—spiracular s., sts—sternal s., ds—dorsal s., ts—terminal s., BH—body height, BL—body length.

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Atlantic reef fishes: distributions and life-history traits

(All information expressed below is also available in the "read me" text file.)   Atlantic reef fishes: distributions and life-history traits  Upload date: September 3rd, 2024            DOI for all versions: 10.5281/zenodo.13655553   Isadora Cord¹*, Sergio R. Floeter¹*,**, Gabriel S. Araujo², Juan P. Quimbayo³, D. Ross Robertson⁴, Benjamin C. Victor⁵, Peter Wirtz⁶, Hudson T. Pinheiro², Rui Freitas⁷, Luiz A. Rocha⁸  * joint first authors; ** corresponding author <sergiofloeter@gmail.com>   ¹Marine Macroecology and Biogeography Lab, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil ²Center for Marine Biology, University of São Paulo, São Sebastião, SP, Brazil ³University of Florida, USA ⁴Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama ⁵Ocean Science Foundation, USA ⁶Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Portugal ⁷Universidade Técnica do Atlântico, Cabo Verde ⁸California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA   Introduction to the First Edition This database includes information on the distribution and life-history traits for 1,628 reef fish species, distributed across 26 sub-provinces of the tropical, sub-tropical, and warm temperate Atlantic Ocean. We followed the definition provided by Floeter et al. (2008) for “reef fish,” including any shallow (<100 m) tropical/subtropical benthic or benthopelagic fishes that consistently associate with hard substrates of coral, algal, or rocky reefs, or occupy adjacent sand substrate. All distributions were verified by the authors, double-checked with online databases, and available literature (peer-reviewed regional checklists and scientific papers; see main refs). Life-history traits were compiled for most species by using a combination of personal data, online databases (e.g. Froese & Pauly, 2023; Robertson & Van Tassell, 2023), and published sources (e.g. Luiz et al. 2015; Pinheiro et al. 2018; Quimbayo et al. 2021). This database is associated with the manuscript Cord et al. (in prep.) “Biogeography and evolution of reef fishes on tropical Mid-Atlantic Ridge islands,” and represents an update that has been in development for 16 years, based on Floeter et al. (2008) “Atlantic reef fish biogeography and evolution”.   Data Description: The .xlsx database contains two pages, “traits&distributions” and “acronyms”. The “acronyms” page contains the same table that is available below, as well as a map illustrating the studied areas. The “traits&distributions” page is divided into the following columns:    "A" through "D": Species’ identification species = the complete species names, in the following pattern: “Genus_specific epithet”, e.g. “Acanthurus_bahianus” family, genus = self explanatory spp = specific epithet    "E" through "AD": Distributions   <div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> Region </td> <td> Sub-provinces </td> <td> Geographical definition </td> <td> Acronym </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Western Atlantic  </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Greater Caribbean </td> <td> Carolinian </td> <td> North Carolina State to Mérida (México) </td> <td> CA </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Bermuda </td> <td> Bermuda Is. </td> <td> BE </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Central Caribbean </td> <td> Central America and offshore islands (except mentioned elsewhere), Florida Keys </td> <td> CC </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Southern Caribbean </td> <td> Panamá to Trinidad and Tobago </td> <td> SC </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Southwestern Atlantic </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Brazilian Province </td> <td> North Brazil </td> <td> Great Amazon Reef </td> <td> NB </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Northeastern Brazil </td> <td> Rio Grande do Norte to Southern Bahia State </td> <td> NE </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Southeastern Brazil </td> <td> Espírito Santo to Paraná States </td> <td> SE </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> South Brazil </td> <td> Santa Catarina State </td> <td> SB </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Brazilian oceanic islands </td> <td> Rocas Atoll </td> <td> </td> <td> AR </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Fernando de Noronha </td> <td> </td> <td> FN </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Trindade Is. </td> <td> </td> <td> TR </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Warm-temperate Argentinian Province </td> <td> Argentinian  </td> <td> Rio Grande do Sul State, from Uruguay to Patagonia </td> <td> PT </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Mid-Atlantic Ridge </td> <td> St Paul’s Rocks </td> <td> </td> <td> SP </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Ascension </td> <td> </td> <td> AS </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> St Helena </td> <td> </td> <td> SH </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Eastern Atlantic </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Northeastern Atlantic </td> <td> Mediterranean </td> <td> Levant to Gibraltar  </td> <td> MD </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Lusitana </td> <td> Azores </td> <td> </td> <td> AZ </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Madeira </td> <td> </td> <td> MA </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Canaries </td> <td> </td> <td> CN </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Tropical Eastern Atlantic </td> <td> Northwest Africa </td> <td> Gibraltar to Cape Verde (Senegal) </td> <td> NT </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Cape Verde Is. </td> <td> </td> <td> CV </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> São Tomé & Príncipe </td> <td> Includes Annobon </td> <td> ST </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Tropical West Africa </td> <td> Cape Verde to Moçamedes (Angola) </td> <td> EA </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Southwest Africa </td> <td> Benguela </td> <td> Moçamedes to Cape of Good Hope </td> <td> BN </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> Agulhas </td> <td> Cape of Good Hope to Kei River </td> <td> CP </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Southwestern Indian Ocean </td> <td> South Africa’s Indian Ocean </td> <td> From Kei River to Kosi Bay </td> <td> IO </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>      "AE" through "AK": Life-history traits “depth_max” = Maximum recorded depth, in meters. “bodysize_max” = Maximum recorded adult body size, in centimeters. “rafter” = Presence (1) or absence (0) of rafting behavior (mostly for the entire genus). “multihabitat” = Usage of other habitats in addition to structural reefs (soft bottoms, seagrass/macroalgae beds, mangroves, and estuaries). “diet” = Diet habits (gc: generalised carnivores; hd: herbivores/detritivores; is: sessile invertivores; mi: mobile invertivores; om: omnivores; pk: planktivores). “groupsize” = Sociability (sol: solitary; pair: pairs of two individuals; smallg: groups of 3 to 10 individuals; medg: groups of 10 to 20 individuals; largeg: groups of over 20 individuals). “spawning” = Spawning modes (att: attached; dem: demersal; live: livebearers; oral: oral; pel: pelagic).   Data Sources and Verification: We gathered presence or absence data for 73 families of reef-associated fishes, encompassing 1,637 species in 26 distinct biogeographical units within the Atlantic Basin (see table above). All distributions were strictly verified by the authors, double-checked with online databases and available literature (e.g. Brown et al. 2019; Freitas et al. 2019; Floeter et al. 2023; Pinheiro et al. 2020; Robertson & Van Tassell, 2023; Wirtz et al. 2017). Life-history traits were compiled using personal data, online databases (e.g. Froese & Pauly, 2023; Robertson & Van Tassell, 2023), and published sources (e.g. Luiz et al. 2015; Pinheiro et al. 2018; Quimbayo et al. 2021). All species’ nomenclature was based on Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes (Fricke et al. 2024).    Main References: Brown, J., Beard, A., Clingham, E., Fricke, R., Henry, L., & Wirtz, P. (2019). The fishes of St Helena Island, central Atlantic Ocean—new records and an annotated checklist. Zootaxa, 4543(2), 151-194. Freitas, R., Romeiras, M., Silva, L., Cordeiro, R., Madeira, P., González, J.A., Wirtz, P., Falcón, J.M., Brito, A., Floeter, S.R., Afonso, P., Porteiro, F., Viera-Rodríguez, M.A., Neto, A.I., Haroun, R., Farminhão, J.N.M., Rebelo, A.C., Baptista, L., Melo, C.S., Martínez, A., Núñez, J., Berning, B., Johnson, M.E. & Ávila, S.P. (2019). Restructuring of the 'Macaronesia' biogeographic unit: A marine multi-taxon biogeographical approach. Scientific Reports, 9: 15792. Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Fong, J. D. (2024 ). ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: GENERA/SPECIES BY FAMILY/SUBFAMILY.(http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/ SpeciesByFamily.asp). Electronic version accessed 03 September 2024. Floeter, S.R., Krajewski, J.P., Fiuza, T.M.J., Rocha, L.A. & Carvalho-Filho, A. (2023). Brazilian Reef Fishes. Editora CRV, Curitiba, pp. 320.ISBN 978-65-251-4245-6. DOI: 10.24824/978652514245.6 Floeter, S. R., Rocha, L. A., Robertson, D. R., Joyeux, J. C., Smith-Vaniz, W. F., Wirtz, P., Edwards, A. J., Barreiros, J. P., Ferreira, C. E. L., Gasparini, J. L., Brito, A., Falcón, J. M., Bowen, B. W. & Bernardi, G. (2008). Atlantic reef fish biogeography and evolution. Journal of Biogeography, 35: 22-47. Froese R, Pauly D (Eds) (2023) FishBase. [Version 06/2023] http://www.fishbase.org  Luiz, O. J., Madin, J. S., Robertson, D. R., Rocha, L. A., Wirtz, P., & Floeter, S. R. (2012). Ecological traits influencing range expansion across large oceanic dispersal barriers: insights from tropical Atlantic reef fishes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 279(1730), 1033-1040. Munroe, T. A. (1990). Eastern Atlantic tonguefishes (Symphurus: Cynoglossidae, Pleuronectiformes), with descriptions of two new species. Bulletin of Marine Science, 47(2), 464-515. Munroe, T. A. (1991). Western Atlantic Tonguefishes of the Symphurus-Plagusia Complex (Cynoglossidae, Pleuronectiformes), with Descriptions of 2 New Species. Fishery Bulletin. Pinheiro, H. T., Rocha, L. A., Macieira, R. M., Carvalho‐Filho, A., Anderson, A. B., Bender, M. G., ... & Floeter, S. R. (2018). South‐western Atlantic reef fishes: Zoogeographical patterns and ecological drivers reveal a secondary biodiversity centre in the Atlantic Ocean. Diversity and Distributions, 24(7), 951-965. Pinheiro, H. T., Macena, B. C., Francini‐Filho, R. B., Ferreira, C. E., Albuquerque, F. V., Bezerra, N. P., ... & Rocha, L. A. (2020). Fish biodiversity of Saint Peter and Saint Paulʼs Archipelago, Mid‐Atlantic Ridge, Brazil: new records and a species database. Journal of Fish Biology, 97(4), 1143-1153. Quimbayo, J.P., Silva, F.C., Mendes, T.C., Ferrari, D.S., Danielski, S.L., Bender, M.G., Parravicini, V., Kulbicki, M. & Floeter, S.R. (2021). Life-history traits, geographical range and conservation aspects of reef fishes from the Atlantic and Eastern Pacific. Ecology (Data Papers), https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3298. Robertson, D. R., & Tornabene, L. (2023). Reef-associated Bony Fishes of the Greater Caribbean: A Checklist (VERSION 5). https://zenodo.org/records/10225031 Robertson, D. R., & Van Tassell, J. (2023). Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean: online information system. Version 3.0 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panamá. Wirtz, P., Bingeman, J., Bingeman, J., Fricke, R., Hook, T. J., & Young, J. (2017). The fishes of Ascension Island, central Atlantic Ocean–new records and an annotated checklist. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 97(4), 783-798.   Additional details: Related works Cord et al. (in prep.) and Floeter et al. (2008)  Cord, I., Araujo, G. S., Silva, F. C., Kurtz, Y. R., Rocha, C. R., Pinheiro, H. T., Rocha, L. A. & Floeter, S. R. (in prep.). Biogeography and evolution of reef fishes on tropical Mid-Atlantic Ridge islands. Floeter, S. R., Rocha, L. A., Robertson, D. R., Joyeux, J. C., Smith-Vaniz, W. F., Wirtz, P., Edwards, A. J., Barreiros, J. P., Ferreira, C. E. L., Gasparini, J. L., Brito, A., Falcón, J. M., Bowen, B. W. & Bernardi, G. (2008). Atlantic reef fish biogeography and evolution. Journal of Biogeography, 35: 22–47.

FIGURE 8 in Description of the larvae of Corydalus batesii MacLachlan and C. ignotus Contreras-Ramos (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) with notes on life history and behavior

FIGURE 8. Dorsal view of spiracle of the 1st abdominal segment of the larvae: A. Corydalus batesii, B. Corydalus ignotus, C. Corydalus nubilus.

FIGURE 7 in Description of the larvae of Corydalus batesii MacLachlan and C. ignotus Contreras-Ramos (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) with notes on life history and behavior

FIGURE 7. Dorsal view of mandible, clypeus and labrum of the larvae: A. Corydalus batesii, B. Corydalus ignotus, C. Corydalus nubilus.

FIGURES 1–2 in Description of the larvae of Corydalus batesii MacLachlan and C. ignotus Contreras-Ramos (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) with notes on life history and behavior

FIGURES 1–2. Collection sites of Corydalus batesii and Corydalus ignotus (Insecta: Megaloptera). 1. Presidente Figueiredo Municipality, Igarapé da Onça; 2. Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, Manaus Municipality, Igarapé Barro Branco.

FIGURE 10 in Description of the larvae of Corydalus batesii MacLachlan and C. ignotus Contreras-Ramos (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) with notes on life history and behavior

FIGURE 10. Ventral view of the 5th abdominal segment with V-shaped pattern in larvae: A. Corydalus batesii, B. Corydalus ignotus, C. Corydalus nubilus.

FIGURE 9 in Description of the larvae of Corydalus batesii MacLachlan and C. ignotus Contreras-Ramos (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) with notes on life history and behavior

FIGURE 9. Dorsal view of the macro and microsetae of the 5th abdominal segment in larvae: A. Corydalus batesii, B. Corydalus ignotus, C. Corydalus nubilus.

FIGURE 6 in Description of the larvae of Corydalus batesii MacLachlan and C. ignotus Contreras-Ramos (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) with notes on life history and behavior

FIGURE 6. Ventral view of cardo, gular plate and lateral projection of mental plate of the larvae: A. Corydalus batesii, B. Corydalus ignotus, C. Corydalus nubilus.

FIGURE 5 in Description of the larvae of Corydalus batesii MacLachlan and C. ignotus Contreras-Ramos (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) with notes on life history and behavior

FIGURE 5. Dorsal view of head and pronotum of the larvae: A. Corydalus batesii, B. Corydalus ignotus, C. Corydalus nubilus.

FIGURES 226 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 226. Egg cluster of Euselasia aurantia, dorso-lateral view. Note the differences in color of eggs compared with E. chrysippe and E. bettina.

FIGURES 218–225 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 218–225. SEM of Euselasia pupa. 218) Close-up of swollen tip of D-seta, dorsal view (E. bettina); 219) Right subdorsal portion between A4 (bottom) and A5 (top), lateral view (E. bettina); 220) Sculpturing of intersegmental membrane (tooth) on outer surface of lateral portion at right side posterior end of A5, lateral view (right = caudad) (E. chrysippe); 221) Sculpturing of intersegmental membrane (cast) on inner surface of lateral portion on right side anterior end of A6, ventral to frontal view (top = caudad) (E. chrysippe); 222) A8–10, cremaster and silk, dorsal view (E. bettina); 223) A8–10, cremaster in 'V' shape, ventral view (E. bettina); 224) A5–A10 caudal view (E. bettina); 225) Cremaster, silk strands in situ (E. bettina).

FIGURES 212–217 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 212–217. SEM of Euselasia pupa. 212) Thoracic spiracle between T1 (right) and T2 (left), dorsal view (E. chrysippe); 213) Surface sculpture of thoracic spiracle (E. chrysippe); 214) Mesal portion of dorsum of T3–A1 showing silk-clipper structure (silken girdle in situ) on A1 (E. bettina); 215) Cone-shaped raised base of clubbed setae; 216) Stem of D-seta on left A6, dorso-lateral view (E. chrysippe); 217) Apical area of D-seta on left A6, lateral view (E. bettina).

FIGURES 208–211 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 208–211. SEM of Euselasia pupa. 208) Dorsal view, (E. chrysippe); SC = silk clipper, sp = spiracle, Tsp = thoracic spiracle, tz = subdorsal triangular zone; 209) Ventral view, (E. chrysippe); An = antenna, E = eye piece (a: inner part, b: middle, c: outer), ML = mesothoracic leg, Mx = maxilla, PL = prothoracic leg, Pr = proboscis, W = wing sclerite; 210) Mouth parts, ventral view (E. chrysippe); ATP = anterior tentorial pit, Cl = clypeus, Li = labium, Lr = labrum, Ma = mandible; 211) Mouth parts, ventral view (note notch on outer lower portion of eye piece) (E. bettina), ATP? = probably anterior tentorial pit.

FIGURES 196–201 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 196–201. SEM of Euselasia sixth instar. 196) Pinaculum on lateral part of dorsum of abdominal segment, dorso-lateral view (right = cephalad) (E. chrysippe); 197) Anterior edge of structural color plate on right A5, right side of thickly haired area = dark-pigmented area, dorso-lateral view (right = cephalad) (E. chrysippe); 198) Dark-pigmented area contiguously with structural color plate (right = cephalad) (E. bettina); 199) Tonofibrillary platelets in darkpigmented area of structural color plate, dorso-lateral view (right = caudad) (E. chrysippe); 200) Structural color plate, lateral view (E. bettina); 201) Structural color plate surface (E. chrysippe).

FIGURE 195 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURE 195. Metallic-blue iridescence of structural color plate of an EtOH preserved E. bettina sixth instar larva, left side A6, lateral view, left = cephalad.