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Fig. 12. Anthemiphyllia dentata Alcock, 1902. A. ZPAL 22 in Microstructural diversity of the stylophyllid (Scleractinia) skeleton
Fig. 12. Anthemiphyllia dentata Alcock, 1902. A. ZPAL 22/1, Recent, MD08 cruise, Stat. 7, 36°48.9'S, 52°07.7'E, 380 m. Lobate septa in distal−oblique view (A1). Septal lobe in distal view (A2); lateral ridges marked with white arrows. Polished and etched transverse section of septum in lobe region; trabecular axes formed by calcification centers radiate in four directions (white arrows in A3), middle calcification center in transverse section (enlarged in A4). B.ZPAL22/2,Recent,VOLSMARcruise,Stat.DW5,22°25.9'S,171°46.5'E,620–700m.Septumintransversethinsection.Suturesdelineateborders between individual septal lobes (black arrows) that show radiate pattern of trabeculae distribution (white arrows).
Fig. 7 in Microstructural diversity of the stylophyllid (Scleractinia) skeleton
Fig. 7. Stylophyllopsis sp. cf. S. rugosa (Duncan and Wright, 1867), IPUM−Sic.5 with abraded surface (epitheca not preserved). A. Transverse section (enlarged part on B, E) C, D. Distal (C) and lateral (D) views of corallum (arrows mark sectioned region). B, E. Transverse section. Note septal spines (s) with radiating darker structures (arrows on E). Specimen from Sinemurian Black Limestones, Longi, Sicily.
Fig. 10. A in Microstructural diversity of the stylophyllid (Scleractinia) skeleton
Fig. 10. A. Stylophyllopsis sp. A, lateral view of IPUM−Sic.8 (A1), and transverse thin section (A2) showing septal spine (structure beween two, white arrows) with numerous, small−sized structures "calcification centers" (black arrows). Sinemurian Black Limestones, Longi, Sicily. B. Retiophyllia norica (Frech, 1890), GBA 1982/12/113 in transverse thin section (B1); B2, small−sized calcification centers of zigzag mid−septal zone (arrow) and lateral thick stereome in enlarged part of septum. Triassic, Rhaetian. Fischerwiese, Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria.
Fig. 8 in Microstructural diversity of the stylophyllid (Scleractinia) skeleton
Fig. 8. Stylophyllopsis sp. cf. S. rugosa (Duncan and Wright, 1867), IPUM−Sic.5. SEM micrographs of transverse, polished and etched corallum surfaces. A. Corallum fragment with septal spines (arrows); rectangle indicate position of enlargement on B. B–D. Dark, radiating structures shown in Fig. 7E are composed of crystals with pockmarked surfaces (arrows in B, C). Specimen from Sinemurian Black Limestones, Longi, Sicily.
Fig. 3 in Postcranial skeleton of a Cretaceous multituberculate mammal Catopsbaatar
Fig. 3. Multituberculate mammal Catopsbaatar catopsaloides (Kielan−Jaworowska, 1974), PM 120/107, Upper Cretaceous, red beds of Hermiin Tsav, Hermiin Tsav I locality, Gobi Desert, Mongolia. Left clavicle, associated with a tiny fragment of?interclavicle (no. 11 in Fig. 1B). Stereo−photographs in anterior (A), posterior (B), and medial (C) views. D. Stereo−photo of the articular medial surface, showing damaged fragment of?interclavicle.
FIGURE 5 in Euphorbia rimireptans (Euphorbiaceae, Articulofruticosae), a new species from the Skeleton Coast, Namibia
FIGURE 5. Known distribution (black dots) of Euphorbia rimireptans
Data from: Clade-specific evolutionary diversification along ontogenetic major axes in avian limb skeleton
The evolutionary diversification of birds has been facilitated by specializations for various locomotor modes, with which the proportion of the limb skeleton is closely associated. However, recent studies have identified phylogenetic signals in this system, suggesting the presence of historical factors that have affected its evolutionary variability. In this study, in order to explore potential roles of ontogenetic integration in biasing the evolution in the avian limb skeleton, evolutionary diversification patterns in six avian families (Anatidae, Procellariidae, Ardeidae, Phalacrocoracidae, Laridae, and Alcidae) were examined and compared to the postnatal ontogenetic trajectories in those taxa, based on measurement of 2641 specimens and recently collected ontogenetic series, supplemented by published data. Morphometric analyses of lengths of six limb bones (humerus, ulna, carpometacarpus, femur, tibiotarsus, and tarsometatarsus) demonstrated that: 1) ontogenetic trajectories are diverse among families; 2) evolutionary diversification is significantly anisotropic; and, most importantly, 3) major axes of evolutionary diversification are correlated with clade-specific ontogenetic major axes in the shape space. These results imply that the evolutionary variability of the avian limbs has been biased along the clade-specific ontogenetic trajectories. It may explain peculiar diversification patterns characteristic to some avian groups, including the long-leggedness in Ardeidae and tendency for flightlessness in Anatidae.
Figures 38–47. Homaledra immature stages. 38 in Two new species of palm-leaf skeletonizers (Lepidoptera: Pterolonchidae: Homaledra Busck)
Figures 38–47. Homaledra immature stages. 38) H. sabalella, larva. 39) H. howardi, larva. 40) H. knudsoni, larva. 41) H. sabalella, A3 proleg with 3 SV setae. 42) H. howardi, A4 proleg with 3 large and 2 small SV setae. 43) H. knudsoni, A3 proleg with 4 SV setae. 44) Ventral aspect of head of H. howardi showing submental pit (sp). 45) H. sabalella, pupa. 46) H. howardi, pupa. 47) H. knudsoni, pupa. Scales = 100µm.
Fig. 17 in A Partial Skeleton of Pseudaelurus (Carnivora: Felidae) from the Nambé Member of the Tesuque Formation, Española Basin, New Mexico
Fig. 17. Bargraph presentation of front limb data seen in figure 16. From left to right, each species' bar is segmented into the humerus, ulna, and metacarpal 3 contribution to the front limb length. The percentage of the front limb length contributed by the metacarpal bone has increased in the modern radiation of Felidae.
Figure 4 in Long-bone geometry in columnar-limbed animals: allometry of the proboscidean appendicular skeleton
Figure 4. Branch-length standardizations for the total sample of proboscideans. A, humerus (log transformed branch lengths, r = 0.025); B, ulna (cube root transformed branch lengths, r = 0.010); C, femur (Pagel's arbitrary transformation method, r = 0.052); D, tibia (square root transformed branch lengths, r = 0.028).
Figure 12 in Functional anatomy and biomechanics of the postcranial skeleton of Simocyon batalleri (Viret, 1929) (Carnivora, Ailuridae) from the Late Miocene of Spain
Figure 12. Lateral (top row) and medial (bottom row) views of selected left metatarsals of Simocyon batalleri from Batallones-1: A and F, B-22073, Mt V, B and G, B-2498, Mt IV; C and H, B-2443, Mt III; D and I, B-2511, Mt II; E and J, BAT-1′04 F7-12, Mt I.
Figure 4. B-3582 in Functional anatomy and biomechanics of the postcranial skeleton of Simocyon batalleri (Viret, 1929) (Carnivora, Ailuridae) from the Late Miocene of Spain
Figure 4. B-3582(2), right scapula of Simocyon batalleri from Batallones-1 in lateral (A) and cranial (B) views.
Figure 14 in Functional anatomy and biomechanics of the postcranial skeleton of Simocyon batalleri (Viret, 1929) (Carnivora, Ailuridae) from the Late Miocene of Spain
Figure 14. Left scapulae in lateral view of Gulo gulo (A), Simocyon batalleri from Batallones-1 (B), Ailurus fulgens (C) and Potos flavus (D) showing the different development of the attachment areas for the teres major (t.m.) and subscapularis minor (s.m.) muscles. Broken line shows inferred contour of the missing cranial margin of the scapula of S. batalleri. The bones are illustrated at the same size.
Figure 10 in Functional anatomy and biomechanics of the postcranial skeleton of Simocyon batalleri (Viret, 1929) (Carnivora, Ailuridae) from the Late Miocene of Spain
Figure 10. Dorsal (top row) and palmar/plantar (bottom row) views of second phalanges of Simocyon batalleri from Batallones-1: A and E, B-1673; B and F, B/S-43; C and G, B-1831; and D and H, B-5217.
Figure 13 in Functional anatomy and biomechanics of the postcranial skeleton of Simocyon batalleri (Viret, 1929) (Carnivora, Ailuridae) from the Late Miocene of Spain
Figure 13. Schematical drawings of the lumbar regions of Panthera pardus (A) and Martes foina (B) showing the attachments and dispositions of the ligaments and muscles related to locomotion: IntspLig, interspinous ligaments; IntTrLig, intertransversal ligaments; IntspMus, interspinal muscles (modified from Gambaryan, 1974).
Figure 9 in Functional anatomy and biomechanics of the postcranial skeleton of Simocyon batalleri (Viret, 1929) (Carnivora, Ailuridae) from the Late Miocene of Spain
Figure 9. Dorsal (top row) and palmar/plantar (bottom row) views of selected first phalanges of Simocyon batalleri from Batallones-1: A and D, B-2441, first phalanx of thumb/pollex; B and E, BAT1′03 F5-81, first phalanx of digits II–V; C and F, B-7043 first phalanx of digits II–V.
Figure 6. Mesosaurus tenuidens. MCZ 4030h in The cranial skeleton of the Early Permian aquatic reptile Mesosaurus tenuidens: implications for relationships and palaeobiology
Figure 6. Mesosaurus tenuidens. MCZ 4030h. Skull, mandible, cervical vertebrae and caudal vertebrae in left lateral view.
Figure 1 in The cranial skeleton of the Early Permian aquatic reptile Mesosaurus tenuidens: implications for relationships and palaeobiology
Figure 1. Reconstruction of the skull and the mandible of Mesosaurus tenuidens in (A) left lateral, (B) dorsal and (C) palatal views.
Figure 6 in Aspects of the functional morphology in the cranial and cervical skeleton of the sabre-toothed cat Paramachairodus ogygia (Kaup, 1832) (Felidae, Machairodontinae) from the Late Miocene of Spain: implications for the origins of the machairodont killing bite
Figure 6. Skulls and mandibles of four individuals of Paramachairodus ogygia from Batallones-1. A, B-847. B, B-4322. C, B-4778. D, B-7022.
Figure 7 in Comparative osteology of the Danio (Cyprinidae: Ostariophysi) axial skeleton with comments on Danio relationships based on molecules and morphology
Figure 7. The caudal skeleton of D. quangbinhensis (AMNH 227913), left lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.