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Fig. 4 in Bone histology of the graviportal dinocephalian therapsid Jonkeria from the middle Permian Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Basin of South Africa

Fig. 4. Thin section of a core of the humerus (SAM-PK-11994) of Jonkeria ingens (Broom, 1923) from the middle Permian Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Basin of South Africa. A1, overall view of humerus showing laminar fibrolamellar bone in the outer cortex and the increasingly cancellous nature of the bone towards the medullary cavity; note: numerous enlarged resorption cavities in the perimedullary cavity, and the layer of indurated sediments at the top of the section. A2, A3, highly vascularized laminar fibrolamellar bone. A4, A5, details showing a few isolated simple longitudinal vascular canals and primary osteons. A6, A7, detail showing large resorption cavities lined by narrow deposit of lamellar bone (arrows). Abbreviations: po, primary osteons; rc, resorption cavity; wb, woven bone. Photographs under ordinary light (A1, A2, A4, A6), and cross-polarized light with lambda compensator (A3, A5, A7).

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Fig. 3 in Bone histology of the graviportal dinocephalian therapsid Jonkeria from the middle Permian Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Basin of South Africa

Fig. 3. Transverse sections of the tarsal (SAM-PK-12233c) of Jonkeria parva (Boonstra, 1955) from the middle Permian Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Basin of South Africa. A1, diaphyseal cross-section showing highly vascularized fibrolamellar bone tissue in the outer cortex and cancellous bone tissue with extensively developed bony trabeculae in the medullary cavity; note: numerous enlarged resorption cavities in the perimedullary region. A2, detail showing highly vascularized reticular FLB. A3, A4, detail showing simple longitudinal vascular canals. A5, A6, detail showing reticular vascular canals. Photographs under cross-polarized light with lambda compensator (A1–A3, A5) and ordinary light (A4, A6).

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Fig. 6 in Bone histology of the graviportal dinocephalian therapsid Jonkeria from the middle Permian Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Basin of South Africa

Fig. 6. Longitudinal section of the rib (BP/1/5409) of cf. Jonkeria sp. from the middle Permian Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Basin of South Africa. A1, overall view of the rib showing highly secondarily remodeled cortex; note: numerous enlarged resorption cavities. A2, detail showing woven bone and enlarged resorption spaces. Photographs under ordinary light (A1) and cross-polarized light with lambda compensator (A2).

Figure 6 in Post-Gondwana Africa and the vertebrate history of the Angolan Atlantic Coast

Figure 6. Chronological sequence of major vertebrate-bearing localities investigated by Projecto PaleoAngola; chronostratigaphy following IUGS/ICS v. 2014/2 (www.stratigraphy.org).

Figure 3 in Post-Gondwana Africa and the vertebrate history of the Angolan Atlantic Coast

Figure 3. Northward drift of African and South American conjugate basins relative to Hadley Cells and the chronology of the South Atlantic Ocean. Inset shows conjugate Sergipe-Gabon and Campos- Kwanza basins in South America and Africa. From the initial opening of the South Atlantic Ocean heralded by the Etendeka-Paraná Large Igneous Province (LIP), the basins drifted from their starting position in interior Gondwana. As the width of the South Atlantic has grown, Africa has also drifted north relative to South America and through the latitudes of the descending limb of the southern Hadley Cell.

Figure 5 in Post-Gondwana Africa and the vertebrate history of the Angolan Atlantic Coast

Figure 5. Angolan coastal geology between Bentiaba in the north and Piambo in the south, a distance of ~50 km, in Google Earth™ (a, b, and c) and outcrop views (d and e): a, boundary fault trace lies between synrift terrestrial deposits (S) and crystalline basement (C); b, oblique view showing gray gypsum deposited on Entendeka Basalt at Piambo with Bentiaba in the distance; c, plan view of Piambo showing gray gypsum, Entendeka Basalt (E), and marine Maastrichtian (M) overstepping boundary fault; d, looking from crystalline basement (near M in c) to southwest, base is Etendeka (E) followed by gypsum (G) and synrift conglomerates capped by dark Ombe Basalt topped by marine Maastrichtian (M); e, looking across valley showing pointed hill of Etendeka (E) on left, overlain by synrift conglomerates (S), and flat-lying Ombe Basalt (B), capped by Maastrichtian marine sands (M).

Figure 1 in Post-Gondwana Africa and the vertebrate history of the Angolan Atlantic Coast

Figure 1. Map of Africa showing location of Angola and simplified major structural features controlling placement of some important fossiliferous regions. Coastal basins are not included.

Figure 4 in Post-Gondwana Africa and the vertebrate history of the Angolan Atlantic Coast

Figure 4. Trace of fault zones (FZ) from Mid-Atlantic Ridge to the African coast (a) and bathymetric map of coastal Africa showing width of continental shelf (b). The rich marine amniote fossil locality of Bentiaba was formed on the fault-controlled, narrow portion of the continental shelf (modified from Strganac et al., 2015a).

FIG. 3 in A taxonomic revision of Aneuraceae (Marchantiophyta) from eastern Africa with an interactive identification key

FIG. 3. — Riccardia gasparii Reeb & Gradst. sp. nov.: A, thalli; B, main axis in cross section; C, ultimate branches in cross section; D, male branch; E, female branches. From Reeb MTV1246 (PC0771050), MTM12134 (PC0763884). Riccardia inconspicua (Steph) Reeb & Bardat: F, thalli; G, portion of ultimate branch with papillae; H, branched papilla (arrow); I, ultimate branch and male branch with papillae; J, main axis in cross section; K, ultimate branch in cross section. From Reeb MTM1295 (PC0763882), Pócs & Mwanjabe 6464/BP, Gardiner s.n. (Type of Aneura exigua), Jungner s.n. (Type of Aneura inconspicua). Riccardia longispica (Steph.) Pearson: L, thalli; M, main axis in cross section; N, ultimate branches in cross section; O, two male branches; P, female branch; Q, male branch. From Konya 9644/D, Bardat PF.2 (PC0763860), Pócs 9612/CD, De Lisle 199 (Type), Jones 1542b. Riccardia longispica (Steph.) Pearson phenotype erosa: R, thalli; S,two calyptra's; T, main axis in cross section; U, thallus mat showing erect, concave ultimate branches; V, ultimate branch in cross section; W, branch apex with papillae and immature gemmae. From Porley U35b, Pócs 6052/CV, Reeb CRAE193 (PC0763859). Scale bars: A, F, L, R, U, 1 mm; B, C, M-P, Q, S, 500 µm; D, E, G-K, T, 200 µm; H, V, W, 100 µm.

FIG. 2 in A taxonomic revision of Aneuraceae (Marchantiophyta) from eastern Africa with an interactive identification key

FIG. 2. — Riccardia angusticosta (Steph.) Grolle: A, thalli; B, main axis in cross section; C, ultimate branch in cross section; D, calyptra; E, upper portion of calyptra, showing umbo. From Thollon s.n. (Aneura stephanii TYPE), Pócs 9883/H, Brenan140. Riccardia chamedryfolia (With.) Grolle: F, thalli; G, portion of thallus showing male and female branches; H, main axis in cross section; C, ultimate branch in cross section. From Reeb CR11156 (PC0763897), CR11418 (PC0763898), Hylander KH5497 (PC0763862). Riccardia corbieri (Steph.) Reeb & Gradst. comb. nov.: J, thalli; K, main axis in cross section; L, ultimate branch in cross section; M, portion of thallus with female branch; N, ultimate branches and calyptra. From Beaver B304 (PC0763848), Reeb CR297 (PC0763838A), CR295 (PC0763837A). Riccardia fastigiata (Lehm.) Trevis.: O, thalli; P, main axis in cross section; Q, ultimate branches in cross section; R, portion of thallus with femalre branches and calyptra. From Vojko 9422/AP, Pócs 6929/T, Orban 9615/CB (PC0146833). Scale bars: A, D-F, J, M-O, R, 1 mm; B, C, G-I, K, 500 µm; L, P, Q, 200 µm.

FIG. 4 in A taxonomic revision of Aneuraceae (Marchantiophyta) from eastern Africa with an interactive identification key

FIG. 4. — Riccardia martinii sp. nov.: A, thallus mats; B, dry thallus, showing white margins; C, moistened thallus; D, portion of thallus in dorsal view, showing thickened cell walls; E, apex of ultimate branch, showing papillae; F, main axis in cross section; G, ultimate branches in cross section; H, calyptra; I, portion of thallus with male branches. From Sass-Gyarmati 9613/CW, Vojko 9660/CS, Pócs 9602CU, 6877/K, Bardat JBMAD78 (PC0763890), Riccardia ramosissima (Steph) Grolle: J, thalli; K, main axis in cross section; L, ultimate branches in cross section; M, male branch; N, calyptra; O, upper portion of calyptra, showing umbo. From Reeb CR13Z51 (PC0763864), Pócs 6981/A, Jelinek s.n. (Type of Aneura compacta). Riccardia saccatiflora (Steph.) S.W.Arnell: P, thalli; Q, main axis in cross section; R, ultimate branches in cross section; S, portion of thallus with two female branch (left) and two male branches; T, calyptra. From Wigginton M1758b, Reeb CR11142 (PC0763883), Een M064, Rodriguez 182 (Type of Aneura saccatiflora). Riccardia vohimanensis Reeb & Gradst.: U, thalli; V, main axis in cross section; W, ultimate branch in cross section; X, sporophyte and calyptra with the vegetative expansion at its basis. From Reeb MTM1278 (PC0763879), CR13Z23 (PC0763868), O'Shea M7327b, Een M028. Scale bars: A-C, H-J, N, P, U, 1 mm; D-G, M, Q, T, V-X, 500 µm; K, L, R, 100 µm; O, S, 200 µm.

FIG. 1 in A taxonomic revision of Aneuraceae (Marchantiophyta) from eastern Africa with an interactive identification key

FIG. 1. — RaxML tree of Aneuraceae of eastern Africa based on concatenation of chloroplast matK, psbA-trnH and trnL-F sequences (modified after Reeb et al. 2018). Numbers in brackets are number of specimens analysed, numbers on branches are bootstrap values, obtained by fast bootstrapping.

FIG. 4 in Five new species of Fissidens Hedw. (Fissidentaceae, Bryophyta), taxonomic notes and a new species record for South Africa

FIG. 4. — Fissidens pseudoscindulatus, sp. nov. A, sporophytic stem; B, leaf; C, leaf apex; D, mid leaf; E, leaf insertion; F, pseudo-scindulose mid vaginant laminal cells; G, peristome, OLP (two teeth on the left) and IPL (on the right); H, basal OPL of two teeth; I, detail of IPL; J, detail of OPL showing the characteristic ornamentation of the mid part (all from holotype). Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C-E, G, 50 µm; F, H-J, 20 µm.

FIG. 1 in Five new species of Fissidens Hedw. (Fissidentaceae, Bryophyta), taxonomic notes and a new species record for South Africa

FIG. 1. — Fissidens arboricola, sp. nov. A, vegetative plant; B, sporophytic plant; C, leaf apex; D, mid leaf; E, basal part of leaf; F, G, cross-sections of stems, F with thin-walled inner cortical cells and G with thick-walled inner cortical cells; H, exterior side (OPL) of peristome; I, interior side (IPL) of peristome teeth; J, operculum (all from holotype). Scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C-E, J, 100 µm; F, G, 50 µm; H, I, 20 µm.

FIG. 6 in Five new species of Fissidens Hedw. (Fissidentaceae, Bryophyta), taxonomic notes and a new species record for South Africa

FIG. 6. — Fissidens jonesii Bizot ex Pócs and F. lagenarius Mitt. A-I, F. jonesii: A, detached perichaetial branch; B, detached branch with perichaetial branch, perigonial buds and long perigonial branch; C, sporophytic stem; D, leaf; E, leaf apex; F, apex of perichaetial leaf; G, mid leaf; H, insertion leaf; I, exterior side peristome tooth. J, F. lagenarius, exterior side of peristome teeth. A-E, G-H from Pócs 86114/B; F from Pócs 8616/F; I from Pócs 6372/CA; J from Brazil, São Paulo, Yano 235. Scale bars: A-C, 1 mm; D, 0.5 mm; E-H, 100 µm; I, J, 20 µm.

FIG. 3 in Five new species of Fissidens Hedw. (Fissidentaceae, Bryophyta), taxonomic notes and a new species record for South Africa

FIG. 3. — Fissidens papillisetus, sp. nov. A, vegetative stem; B, sporophytic stem; C, leaves; D, leaves in polarized light to show the limbidia; E, leaf apex; F, mid leaf; G, basal part of leaf; H, detail of I, showing a single lamellar plate with distinct vertical ornamentation; I, basal part of peristome with close-packed, horizontal plates; J, papillose calyptra; J1, J papillose calyptra with detail of the basal part to show the papillae; K, capsule with operculum; L, cross-section of stem showing thick-walled inner cortical cells and the central strand (all from holotype). Scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C, D, K, J1, 0.5 mm; E-G, 50 µm; H, I, L, 20 µm; J, 100 µm.

FIG. 2 in Five new species of Fissidens Hedw. (Fissidentaceae, Bryophyta), taxonomic notes and a new species record for South Africa

FIG. 2. — Fissidens granulidens, sp. nov. A, two vegetative stems; B, sporophytic stem; C, leaf; D, detail of mid vaginant lamina; E, detail of D showing the rugose papillae; F, IPL of peristome; G, OPL of peristome (structure obscured by through-shining IPL) (all from holotype). Scale bars: A, B, 0.5 mm; C, F, G, 50 µm; D, E, 20 µm.

FIG. 5 in Five new species of Fissidens Hedw. (Fissidentaceae, Bryophyta), taxonomic notes and a new species record for South Africa

FIG. 5. — Fissidens rotundifolius, sp. nov. A, sporophytic stem; B, vegetative stem; C, perichaetial stem with apical proliferation; D, perigonial stem; E, leaf; F, basal part of four peristome teeth (OPL), showing the genuflexed base and OPL trabeculae; G, peristome tooth exterior side (OPL); H, peristome tooth interior side (IPL) (all from holotype). Scale bars: A-D, 0.5 mm; E, F, 50 µm; G, H, 20 µm.

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Fig. 1 in A New Pufferfish, Torquigener heemstrai from South Africa (Acanthopterygii, Tetraodontiformes, Tetraodontidae)

Fig. 1. Holotype of Torquigener heemstrai n. sp., SAIAB 60948, 94.8 mm SL, Tugela Bank (29°13′S, 31°29′E), KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, 30 m depth, October 1999, photo by P. C. Heemstra.