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Figure 2 in Systematics, host plants, and life histories of three new Phyllocnistis species from the central highlands of Costa Rica (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Phyllocnistinae)

Figure 2. Adults of three new Phyllocnistis species from Costa Rica. A Phyllocnistis drimiphaga sp. n., holotype female B P. maxberryi sp. n., holotype female (abdomen removed for dissection) C P. tropaeolicola sp. n., holotype male.

Figure 10 in Systematics, host plants, and life histories of three new Phyllocnistis species from the central highlands of Costa Rica (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Phyllocnistinae)

Figure 10. Life history of Phyllocnistis drimiphaga sp. n. A Leaf mines on abaxial side of leaf surface, white square enclosing early mine, arrow pointing to pupal cocoon fold B close-up view of early mine, arrow pointing to egg shell remains C same as figure B, but showing frass pattern (photo taken with sunlight projecting through the leaf from behind) D nearly mature old mine on adaxial side E nearly mature old mine on abaxial side (photo taken from adaxial side) F opened mine showing mature sapfeeding larva in situ G opened young pupal cocoon fold showing cocoon-spinning larva in situ H pupal cocoon fold on adaxial mine I opened pupal cocoon fold showing pupa in situ (dorsal view) Į protruded and attached pupal shell (arrow) on pupal cocoon fold of an abaxial leaf mine K opened pupal cocoon fold on adaxial mine showing Ageniaspis cocoons in situ.

Figure 1 in Systematics, host plants, and life histories of three new Phyllocnistis species from the central highlands of Costa Rica (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Phyllocnistinae)

Figure 1. Habitats and larval host plants of Phyllocnistis species. A Cerro de la Muerte, Villa Mills region, 3000 m and below, in Cordillera de Talamanca B Volcán Barva, ALAS transect, 2000 m, in Braulio Carillo National Park C habitat of P. drimiphaga in Cerro de la Muerte, km 70 Pan-American Hwy, road to El Paraíso del Quetzal, 2700 m, arrow pointing to host plant where mines were found D young stem shoots and leaves of Drimys granadensis of C, growing from base of the tree E flowers and leaves of D. granadensis F habitat of P. maxberryi in Cerro de la Muerte, km 95 Pan-American Hwy, trail front of La Georgina in Villa Mills, 3100 m, arrow pointing to host plant where mines were found G young growth of Gaiadendron punctatum in front, and mature trees with yellow fruits in behind, at ALAS transect in Vara Blanca, 2000 m H habitat of P. tropaeolicola in Cerro de la Muerte, on km 95 Pan-American Hwy, near La Gegina in Mills, 3100 m, arrow pointing to host plant where mines were found I Tropaeolum emarginatum, details of host plants that are shown in H.

Figure 12 in Systematics, host plants, and life histories of three new Phyllocnistis species from the central highlands of Costa Rica (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Phyllocnistinae)

Figure 12. Life history of Phyllocnistis tropaeolicola sp. n. A Leaf mines on a young leaf, arrows pointing at young to middle instar larvae B mature leaf mine with pupal cocoon fold (arrow), white square enclosing early stage mine region C mature sap-feeding larva in pre-cocoon chamber D detailed view of figure C E opened mine showing nearly mature sap-feeding larva in situ F opened young pupal cocoon fold showing cocoon-spinning instar in situ G pupal cocoon fold, arrow pointing to the slender exit H opened pupal cocoon fold showing pupa in situ, dorsolateral view.

Figure 11 in Systematics, host plants, and life histories of three new Phyllocnistis species from the central highlands of Costa Rica (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Phyllocnistinae)

Figure 11. Life history of Phyllocnistis maxberryi sp. n. A Leaf mines on young growing Gaiadendron shoot B mature mine with pupal cocoon fold (arrow) C nearly mature mine and mature sap-feeding larva (left arrow), and oviposition location (right arrow) D close-up view of mature sap-feeding larva E opened mine showing mature sap-feeding larva in situ F opened young pupal cocoon fold showing cocoonspinning larva in situ G pupal cocoon fold, arrow pointing at thinner pupal exit H opened pupal cocoon fold showing pupa in situ, dorsal view I pupa in situ, lateral view.

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Fig. 1 in Acanthocephalans of the nominotypical subgenus of Plagiorhynchus (Plagiorhynchidae) from charadriiform birds in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London, with a key to the species of the subgenus

Fig. 1. Plagiorhynchus (Plagiorhynchus) crassicollis (Villot, 1875). A-D (material from Dorset): A. Male, general view. B. Male, anterior end of trunk. C. Male, longitudinal row of hooks (lateral view). D. Eggs. E-G (material from unknown locality, in Great Britain): E. Male, general view. F. Male, anterior end of trunk. G. Male, longitudinal row of hooks (lateral view). Scale-bars: A, E, 1.0 mm; B, F, 0.2 mm; C, D, G, 0.1 mm.

Fig. 8. General Charipinae features. A in Revision of the types of species of Alloxysta described by Cameron and Fergusson (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) and deposited in the Natural History Museum (London), including a key to the fauna of Great Britain

Fig. 8. General Charipinae features. A. Closed radial cell (Alloxysta brevis). B. Partially open radial cell (A. macrophadna). C. Open radial cell (A. medinae). D. Pronotal carinae absent (A. brevis). E. Pronotal carinae present (A. citripes). F. Propodeal carinae absent (A. victrix). G. Propodeal carinae present (A. castanea).

Fig. 7. Alloxysta semiaperta Fergusson, 1986. A. Fore wing. B in Revision of the types of species of Alloxysta described by Cameron and Fergusson (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) and deposited in the Natural History Museum (London), including a key to the fauna of Great Britain

Fig. 7. Alloxysta semiaperta Fergusson, 1986. A. Fore wing. B. Fore wing radial cell (arrow indicates that the radial cell is partially open). C. Antenna, ♂. D. Antenna, ♀. E. Propodeum. F. Lateral habitus, ♀. G. Pronotum (arrow indicates presence of pronotal carinae).

Fig. 6 in Revision of the types of species of Alloxysta described by Cameron and Fergusson (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) and deposited in the Natural History Museum (London), including a key to the fauna of Great Britain

Fig. 6. Alloxysta pleuralis (Cameron, 1879). A. Fore wing. B. Pronotum (arrows indicate pronotal carinae). C. Antenna, ♂. D. Antenna, ♀. E. Propodeum.

Fig. 3 in Revision of the types of species of Alloxysta described by Cameron and Fergusson (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) and deposited in the Natural History Museum (London), including a key to the fauna of Great Britain

Fig. 3. Alloxysta crassa (Cameron, 1889). A. Fore wing. B. Antenna, ♀. C. Fore wing radial cell (arrow illustrates that the radial cell is completely open). D. Pronotum. E. Lateral habitus, ♀. F. Propodeum.

Fig. 4 in Revision of the types of species of Alloxysta described by Cameron and Fergusson (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) and deposited in the Natural History Museum (London), including a key to the fauna of Great Britain

Fig. 4. Alloxysta mullensis (Cameron, 1883). A. Fore wing. B. Fore wing radial cell. C. Pronotum. D. Propodeum. E. Antenna, ♀. F. Lateral habitus, ♀.

Fig. 5 in Revision of the types of species of Alloxysta described by Cameron and Fergusson (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) and deposited in the Natural History Museum (London), including a key to the fauna of Great Britain

Fig. 5. Alloxysta piceomaculata (Cameron, 1883). A. Fore wing. B. Fore wing radial cell. C. Propodeum. D. Antenna, ♀. E. Lateral habitus, ♀. F. Pronotum.

Fig. 1. Alloxysta abdera Fergusson, 1986. A. Fore wing. B in Revision of the types of species of Alloxysta described by Cameron and Fergusson (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) and deposited in the Natural History Museum (London), including a key to the fauna of Great Britain

Fig. 1. Alloxysta abdera Fergusson, 1986. A. Fore wing. B. Pronotum (arrows indicate pronotal carinae). C. Antenna, ♀. D. Antenna, ♂ (arrow shows curved F2). E. Propodeum. F. Fore wing radial cell (arrow indicates that the radial cell is completely open). G. Lateral habitus, ♀.

Fig. 2 in Revision of the types of species of Alloxysta described by Cameron and Fergusson (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Charipinae) and deposited in the Natural History Museum (London), including a key to the fauna of Great Britain

Fig. 2. Alloxysta basimacula (Cameron, 1886). A. Fore wing. B. Fore wing radial cell (arrow indicates that the radial cell is completely open). C. Pronotum. D. Antenna, ♀. E. Propodeum. F. Lateral habitus, ♀.

Fig. 46. A in A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of 'Canthon sensu lato'

Fig. 46. A. Canthon cobosi (Pereira & Martínez, 1960) stat. et comb. nov., holotype. B–C. Canthon machadoi (Martínez & Pereira, 1967) comb. nov. B. Paratype 2. C. Paratype 4.

Fig. 43 in A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of 'Canthon sensu lato'

Fig. 43. The three Amazonian species of the furvus subgroup. A, D. Sylvicanthon furvus (Schmidt, 1920). A. Dorsal view. D. Ventral view. B, E. S. monnei sp. nov. B. Dorsal view. E. Ventral view. C, F. S. mayri sp. nov. C. Dorsal view. F. Ventral view.

Fig. 44 in A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of 'Canthon sensu lato'

Fig. 44. Differences on the parameres of Sylvicanthon mayri sp. nov. and S. monnei sp. nov. (grayish zones represent original membraneous areas). A–B. S. mayri sp. nov. C–D. S. monnei sp. nov. Note that both branches of the apical bifurcation of the parameres of S. mayri sp. nov. are much more divergent than those of S. monnei sp. nov., which makes the internal angle between them more open in the first species (~110º) than in the second (~78º). In the same way, as the inferior branch is much more projected in S. mayri sp. nov. than in S. monnei sp. nov., the angle between the posterior region of that branch and the rest of the paramere is more open in S. monnei sp. nov. (~147º) than in S. mayri sp. nov. (~137º), species that seems to have a strong excavation at this point of the paramere (indicated by red arrow in A).

Fig. 42 in A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of 'Canthon sensu lato'

Fig. 42. Sylvicanthon obscurus (Schmidt, 1920). A. Dorsal view of the purplish form. B. Dorsal view of the yellowish form. C. Ventral view.

Fig. 41 in A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of 'Canthon sensu lato'

Fig. 41. Distribution of Sylvicanthon securus (Schmidt, 1920) comb. nov. and the four species of the furvus subgroup.

Fig. 35 in A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of 'Canthon sensu lato'

Fig. 35. Variation on the pilosity at the centre of the hypomeral cavity among members of the bridarollii subgroup. A. Sylvicanthon seag sp. nov. B. S. attenboroughi sp. nov. C–D. S. bridarollii (Martínez, 1949). Note the first two species have the hypomeral cavity entirely glabrous or with setae limited to its periphery (centre always glabrous), whereas S. bridarollii possesses long and dense setae throughout the tegument of the hypomeral cavity.