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2,739 results for “Arizona”
Model America - Arizona extract from ORNL's AutoBEM
<p>Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has developed the Automatic Building Energy Modeling (AutoBEM) software suite to process multiple types of data, extract building-specific descriptors, generate building energy models, and simulate them on High Performance Computing (HPC) resources. For more information, see AutoBEM-related publications (<a href="https://bit.ly/AutoBEM">bit.ly/AutoBEM</a>).</p> <p>Two sets of sample data are provided for 2,555,152 buildings located within the boundary of Arizona in the United States:</p> <ol> <li><strong>Data (884.3MB *.csv) - minimalist list of each building (rows) for the following fields (columns)</strong> <ol> <li>ID - unique building ID</li> <li>Centroid - building center location in latitude/longitude (from Footprint2D)</li> <li>Footprint2D - building polygon of 2D footprint (lat1/lon1_lat2/lon2_...)</li> <li>State_abbr - state name</li> <li>Area - estimate of total conditioned floor area (ft<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>Area2D - footprint area (ft<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>Height - building height (ft)</li> <li>NumFloors - number of floors (above-grade)</li> <li>WWR_surfaces - percent of each facade (pair of points from Footprint2D) covered by fenestration/windows (average 14.5% for residential, 40% for commercial buildings)</li> <li>CZ - ASHRAE Climate Zone designation</li> <li>BuildingType - DOE prototype building designation (IECC=residential) as implemented by OpenStudio-standards</li> <li>Standard - building vintage</li> </ol> </li> <li><strong>Sample Models (21.74GB*.zip by county) – OpenStudio and EnergyPlus building energy models named according to ID</strong></li> </ol> <p><span><span>ESS-Dive Revised dataset: New </span><span>J ;</span><span> Stubbings </span><span>A ;</span><span> Li </span><span>F ;</span><span> Bass </span><span>B ;</span><span> Adams </span><span>M ;</span><span> Berres A (2023): Model America - Arizona extract from ORNL's </span><span>AutoBEM</span><span> v1.1. Southwest Urban Corridor Integrated Field Laboratory (SW-IFL), ESS-DIVE repository. Dataset. </span></span><a href="https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/datasets/doi:10.15485/2212792" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span><span>doi:10.15485/2212792</span></span></a><span><span> accessed via </span></span><a href="https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/datasets/doi:10.15485/2212792" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span><span>https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/datasets/doi:10.15485/2212792</span></span></a><span><span> </span></span></p> <p>This data is made free and openly available in hopes of stimulating any simulation-informed use case. Data is provided as-is with no warranties, express or implied, regarding fitness for a particular purpose. We wish to thank our sponsors which include Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), U.S. Dept. of Energy’s (DOE) Building Technologies Office (BTO), Office of Electricity (OE), and Biological and Environmental Research (BER).</p>
Experiment on Competition and the Local Distribution of the Grass Stipa neomexicana, Arizona, 1979 - 1986
This dataset contains the results on an experiment whose aim was to determine whether competitive displacement accounted for a species' local distribution. Within a grassland in southern Arizona, Stipa neomexicana, a C3 grass, was found to occur only on dry ridge crests with low total grass cover, while total grass cover is greater below the ridge crests in moister, low—lying areas. It was hypothesized that Stipa neomexicana was limited to these dry ridges by competitive exclusion. This hypothesis was tested by removal experiments conducted at three positions along the topographic gradient. The responses of Stipa were compared with those of Aristida glauca and other neighboring grass species, all of which are C4 grasses (Stipa being the only C3 grass in that area). This experiment was carried out from 1980 to 1983, in a grassland near Sonoita, Santa Cruz County, Arizona, USA.
Native seedlings recorded on field plots with and without invasive buffel grass during the monsoon season of 2013 near Tucson, Arizona, USA
Although buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) invasions on several continents have significant ecological impacts, little information is available on its effect on seedling emergence and establishment of native vegetation. In highly impacted areas of the Sonoran Desert of North America, perennial plants are particularly vulnerable during their seedling stage. We studied the impact of buffel grass on the emergence and early survival of native seedlings in a field experiment. We marked out 2m x 2m field plots at three locations near Tucson, Arizona, with and without buffel grass. We removed the buffel grass from half of those with the invasion, and censused and marked native perennial seedlings that emerged in each plot for ten weeks during July-September (monsoon season) of 2013. Emergence and survival of native perennials in the field were both significantly higher where mature buffel grass was removed or had never invaded than where it remained. Our results highlight the need for more manipulative studies of density to improve mechanistic understanding of population dynamics, and to forecast how populations and communities will respond in the long term to perturbations such as invasion.
Ecological Survey of Central Arizona: a survey of key ecological indicators in parcels of residential areas in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area, ongoing since 2010 (Reformatted to a Darwin Core Archive)
This data package is formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A, event core). For more information on Darwin Core see https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/. This Level 2 data package was derived from the Level 1 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/115/2, which was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-cap/653/2. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: The Ecological Survey of Central Arizona (ESCA) is an extensive field survey and integrated inventory designed to capture key ecological indicators of the CAP LTER study area consisting of the urbanized, suburbanized, and agricultural areas of metropolitan Phoenix, and the surrounding Sonoran desert. The survey is conducted every five years at approximately 200 sample plots (30m x 30m) that were located randomly using a tessellation-stratified dual-density sampling design. Study plots cover habitats throughout the CAP LTER study area ranging from native Sonoran desert sites to residential yards to an airport tarmac. In 2010, the survey was expanded to include an assessment of residential parcels overlapping the survey plot at sites in residential areas. Many of the same variables that are measured in the 30m x 30m survey plot are measured in the parcel, including an inventory of perennial plants, and the biovolume of trees. In addition, a detailed assessment of characteristics of the parcel is performed. Investigators interested in data from the broader Ecological Survey of Central Arizona that includes all survey plots should should search the data catalog for 'ecological survey of central arizona' or 'survey 200' to locate those and other data related to the CAP LTER's ESCA.
Ecological Survey of Central Arizona: a survey of key ecological indicators in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area and surrounding Sonoran desert, ongoing since 1999 (Reformatted to a Darwin Core Archive)
This data package is formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A, event core). For more information on Darwin Core see https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/. This Level 2 data package was derived from the Level 1 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/247/3, which was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-cap/652/3. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: The Ecological Survey of Central Arizona (ESCA) is an extensive field survey and integrated inventory designed to capture key ecological indicators of the CAP LTER study area consisting of the urbanized, suburbanized, and agricultural areas of metropolitan Phoenix, and the surrounding Sonoran desert. The survey, formerly known as the survey 200 and renamed to ESCA in 2015, is conducted every five years at approximately 200 sample plots (30m x 30m) that were located randomly using a tessellation-stratified dual-density sampling design. Study plots cover habitats throughout the CAP LTER study area ranging from native Sonoran desert sites to residential yards to an airport tarmac. Measurements include an inventory of all plants (identified to the lowest possible taxonomic unit, typically species), plant biovolume, soil coring for physicochemical properties, arthropod sweep-net sampling, photo documentation, and a visual survey of site and area characteristics. The objectives of the survey are to (1) characterize patches in terms of key biotic, physical, and chemical variables, and (2) examine relationships among land use, general plant diversity, native plant diversity, plant biovolume, soil nutrient status, and social-economic indices along an indirect urban gradient. A pilot survey was conducted in 1999, and the first full ESCA was conducted in 2000. The maiden survey in 2000 featured a suite of measurements that were not assessed in later surveys, including data fr
Urban heat island: temperature climate trends in central Arizona-Phoenix: period 1948 to 2007
The question was to what degree are summer minimum temperature climate trends in the latter half of the 20th and early part of the 21st century attributed to local urban development as opposed to global climate change? The approach was to select a range of towns/cities in CA, NV, and AZ for which a pairing of sites from a town/city and a site outside that town/city was possible. Climate records for the period 1948 to 2007 were accessed, and statistical time trends determined for the urban vs. rural locations for towns/cities over a considerable range of population (i.e., from 3.5K to 3.2M). The urban heat island effect increased with the natural log of the population, ranging from a total change in minimum monthly temperatures of ca. 1.5F to over 12F over the population range of 3.5K to 3.2M. These rates of change in the 1948-2007 period overwhelm any background global climate change, with the exception of the rural sites and smaller towns. This study for the first time identified the temperature trends of a range of towns and cities in the Sonoran and Mojave deserts to unravel the impact of urban warming from that of global warming in the contemporary global warming era sometimes called the Anthropocene era. Previous literature investigatin these sites were only up to 1984 or did not address the urban warming contribution. The impact depends on land cover and extent of population development over time.
Long-term record of wetted area, substrate type, and plant features in Sycamore Creek, Arizona, USA (2010-2020)
The primary objective of this project is to understand how long-term climate variability and change influence the structure and function of desert streams via effects on hydrologic disturbance regimes. Climate and hydrology are intimately linked in arid landscapes; for this reason, desert streams are particularly well suited for both observing and understanding the consequences of climate variability and directional change. Researchers try to (1) determine how climate variability and change over multiple years influence stream biogeomorphic structure (i.e., prevalence and persistence of wetland and gravel-bed ecosystem states) via their influence on factors that control vegetation biomass, and (2) compare interannual variability in within-year successional patterns in ecosystem processes and community structure of primary producers and consumers of two contrasting reach types (wetland and gravel-bed stream reaches). This dataset was collected to understand changes of biota patch cover in different sites and reaches of Sycamore Creek and the transition of different algal and plant communities in post-flood succession.
Social and Heat Vulnerability Indices in Phoenix, Arizona
Vulnerability indices and maps are commonly employed by researchers and practitioners to assess hazard risk by combining variables that are theoretically or empirically associated with hazard outcomes and spatially visualizing those combined variables. For this dataset, we followed established methods to produce two vulnerability indices for 358 census tracts in the City of Phoenix, Arizona for the year 2016: the all-hazards Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) and a specific hazards Heat Vulnerability Index (HVI). For SoVI, we compiled 27 social variables from the 2012-2016 American Community Survey (ACS); for HVI, we compiled seven social variables from the 2012-2016 ACS, one variable regarding residential air conditioning prevalence from the Maricopa County Assessor’s Office, and two variables related to vegetation density from Landsat 8 remote sensing imagery. Lastly, we conducted principal components analysis on each of the indices respective variables and then summed the resulting component scores for each census tract to produce the index values which we then spatially joined to the Phoenix census tracts.
Annual seasonality trends of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Maricopa County, Arizona, 2001-2018
Description: A dataset with 18 years (2001-2018) of consistent, spatial and temporal patterns of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values in Maricopa County AZ Abstract: This dataset consists of 18 years (2001-2018) of consistent, spatial, and temporal patterns of vegetation indices, as expressed by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), in Maricopa County, AZ. I download and process images, at 250m resolution, from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). MODIS uses the atmospherically-corrected reflectance in the red, near-infrared, and blue wavebands to calculate vegetation indices. In the last decades, vegetation indices have been widely used for monitoring the seasonal variation of vegetation, document vegetation structure, productivity, overall health, and land cover changes and measure vegetation productivity in desert landscapes. NDVI is also of high interest to investigate the potential distribution of plant and animal species and to investigate the effect of climate change on vegetation productivity. MODIS data were obtained from https://lpdaac.usgs.gov, maintained by the NASA EOSDIS Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC) at the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Spatial Extent: Maricopa County, AZ, USA.
Annual seasonality trends of Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Maricopa County, Arizona, 2001-2018
Description: A dataset with 18 years (2001-2018) of consistent, spatial and temporal patterns of enhanced vegetation index (EVI) values in Maricopa County AZ Abstract: This dataset consists of 18 years (2001-2018) of consistent, spatial, and temporal patterns of vegetation indices, as expressed by the enhanced vegetation index (EVI), in Maricopa County, AZ. I download and process images, at 250m resolution, from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). MODIS uses the atmospherically-corrected reflectance in the red, near-infrared, and blue wavebands to calculate vegetation indices. In the last decades, vegetation indices have been widely used for monitoring the seasonal variation of vegetation, document vegetation structure, productivity, overall health, and land cover changes and measure vegetation productivity in desert landscapes. EVI is also of high interest to investigate the potential distribution of plant and animal species and to investigate the effect of climate change on vegetation productivity. MODIS data were obtained from https://lpdaac.usgs.gov, maintained by the NASA EOSDIS Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC) at the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Spatial Extent: Maricopa County, AZ, USA.
Nitrogen cycling in accidental urban wetlands in the Salt River (central Arizona, USA): the effects of season, inundation and plants on denitrification (2013-2014)
This project sought to understand the spatial and temporal patterns and drivers of denitrification in nine accidental wetlands in the Salt River in Phoenix, AZ. Accidental urban wetlands are the result from human activities but are not designed nor managed for any specific purpose; thus, they are useful for examining the effects of both human and non-human drivers of ecosystem processes. For this study, we examined how seasonal monsoon and winter floods affected denitrification in different plant patch types at wetlands with different inundation regimes. Inundation regimes of the study wetlands are driven by storm drains that supply urban baseflow to the wetlands; however, the timing and frequency of discharges differ among storm drains resulting in different durations of inundation. Some storm drains provide enough baseflow that wetlands remain inundated year-round (perennially inundated) while others provide very little baseflow, so inundation is largely in response to rain events (ephemerally inundated). Intermittently inundated wetlands receive enough baseflow to remain inundated for part of the year. At each study wetland, we identified 2-4 dominant plant patch types, including one unvegetated patch. We took 2-4 soil samples from each patch type at each site in each season (pre-monsoon, post-monsoon and winter rainy seasons). We measured denitrification potential, soil organic matter, soil moisture, soil nitrate, soil texture, and water depth. In addition to soil characteristics, we also collected data on plant traits for each patch type. Plant functional traits provide one method to examine mechanistic links between plants and ecosystem processes. Measured plant traits were above- and belowground biomass, above- and belowground C:N ratios, and rooting depth.
Does water-bath cleaning affect the health of visiting birds? A study of parasite loads in house finches (Haemorhous mexicanus) in the Phoenix, Arizona, USA metropolitan area (2018)
There is evidence that urban animals have higher parasite and pathogen burdens than those from natural areas, but the mechanism behind this pattern is unclear. One possibility for yard-visiting birds is that they drink from bird baths that have not been regularly cleaned and thus they have elevate infection risks and rates by consuming unusually soiled water. We experimentally tested this idea in house finches (Haemorhous mexicanus) – a common backyard visitor in North America – by implementing a rotating bath-cleaning regime, where we either left baths uncleaned for 5 weeks or cleaned them daily with dilute bleach for 5 weeks, and did so at both an urban and rural study site. We found that coccidian endoparasitism decreased in urban birds when they drank from clean baths, but the same was not true for rural birds. These results reveal a habitat-specific effect of feeder cleaning on disease status in an abundant yard-visiting songbird.
Lovebirds perch in building vents to cool down during hot times of year, a study of rosy-cheeked lovebirds (Agapornis roseicollis) in the Phoenix, Arizona, USA metropolitan area (2018-2019)
Extreme heat can place significant environmental and physiological pressures on animals. One means of tolerating extreme thermal conditions is to seek cool microclimates. Few empirical studies have documented use by wild animals of human-provided cool microsites as means of thermoregulating. Here we show that rosy-cheeked lovebirds in Phoenix, Arizona – the hottest city in North America – use relief air vents on the face of a building (which direct cool air outdoors when internal air-conditioning systems are on) as perching sites, and only during extremely hot times of day and year (> 45 C). Though this highlights a wasteful anthropogenic energy system (the product of an old building with outdated temperature-control technology), our results reveal how an introduced bird species (from Africa) can tolerate extreme thermal conditions in the novel environment.
Wildlife in the greater Phoenix, Arizona, USA metropolitan area: results of a camera-trapping project (2019-2020)
The goal of this research project was to evaluate how wildlife populations responded to the gradient of urbanization. We deployed 50 wildlife cameras across the gradient of urbanization from downtown Phoenix to nearby wildland areas from January 2019 to August 2020. We documented a suite of wildlife species, from small mammals and birds to large mammals. Data present whether a species was detected at a site during this time period.
A survey of scorpion (Scorpiones) populations along an urbanization gradient in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area, Arizona, USA (summer 2019)
The goal of this research project was to evaluate how scorpion populations responded to the gradient of urbanization. We conducted 50 night-time walking transects across the gradient of urbanization from downtown Phoenix to nearby wildland areas during Summer 2019. We commonly documented three scorpion species. Data present whether a species was detected at a site during this time period.
Wildlife along the Salt River corridor of the greater Phoenix, Arizona, USA metropolitan area: results of a camera-trapping project (2020-2021)
The goal of this research project was to evaluate how wildlife populations responded to the gradient of urbanization, water, and vegetation. We deployed 43 wildlife cameras across the gradient of urbanization January 2021 to January 2022. We documented a suite of wildlife species, from small mammals and birds to large mammals. Data present whether a species was detected at a site during this time period.
Hourly Mean Radiant Temperature Distribution on a summer day (2012-06-27) in the greater Phoenix, Arizona (USA) metropolitan area
This dataset is a collection of 1-m resolution mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) rasters generated using digital surface models and the Solar and longwave environmental irradiance geometry (SOLWEIG) model. The dataset provides hourly Tmrt in the Phoenix, Arizona (USA) metropolitan area for a typical summer day (June 27, 2012, peak air temperature of 41 degrees C) from 07:00 hrs to 20:00 hrs (local time (America/Phoenix)). The dataset can serve as a guide for heat mitigation programs within the area and as input for heat exposure studies.
Figure 4 in Lithophane leeae (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Xyleninae), a striking new species from southeastern Arizona
Figure 4. DNA phenogram of the Lithophane lepida species-group, based on the Neighbor-Joining reconstruction method with the Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) algorithm implemented in BOLD (Ratnasingham and Hebert 2007). Compare with the more extensive phenogram of the entire genus in the preceding paper by Brou and Lafontaine (2009).
Fig. 1-2 in New Cryptophagus H , 1792 (Coleoptera: Cryptophagidae) from Arizona (United States of America)
Fig. 1-2: (1) Cryptophagus coombsi nov.sp. holotype, male; (2) Cryptophagus latens WOODROFFE & COOMBS, 1961.
FIGURE 22 in Taxonomic note on four poorly known Arizona Eupithecia Curtis (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Eupitheciini)
FIGURE 22. Habitat of E. biedermanata and classicata in Huachuca Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona. a, Carr Canyon ca. 100 m across arroyo from Biederman’s cabin, 21. iv. 2004; b, Ash Canyon with A. arizonica at center and A. pungens at left, 17. iv. 2004.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.