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130 results for “Ascomycetes”
FIGURE 2 in Bambusicola autumnalis sp. nov., a bambusicolous ascomycete from Sichuan province, China
FIGURE 2. Bambusicola autumnalis (HKAS 126508, holotype) a–c Ascostromata on host substrate. d, e Vertical section of Ascostroma, which shows pseudostromatic structure. f Peridium. g Ostiole. h Trabeculate pseudoparaphyses. i Germinating ascospore. j Ascospore stained in India ink which shows a gelatinous sheath. k–o Asci. p–t Ascospores. u, v Colony on PDA, above (u) and below (v). Scale bars: d =100 μm, e = 50 μm, f, g, i = 20 μm, h, j, k–t = 10 μm.
FIGURE 1 in Helminthosporium paraoligosporum sp. nov., a new ascomycetous fungus from Ontario, Canada
FIGURE 1. Phylogram of RAxML tree generated based on analysis of combined ITS and LSU sequence data. Bootstrap support values for ML and MP ≥ 50% and BP ≥ 0.90 are defined as ML/MP/BP above or below the nodes. The holotype of the new species is in bold. The tree is rooted to Byssothecium circinans (CBS 675.92).
FIGURE 2. A–B in Helminthosporium paraoligosporum sp. nov., a new ascomycetous fungus from Ontario, Canada
FIGURE 2. A–B. Conidiomata of H. paraoligosporum on Tilia spp.; C. 14-d old culture on MEA; D. Pycnidia formed after 21 days of incubation; E. Conidiophores; F. Conidiophore with attached conidia; G–G. Conidia. Scale bars: A–B, D = 200 μm, E= 10, F=20 μm, G–H=10 μm.
FIGURE 1 in Checklist, typification details, and nomenclature status of ascomycetous fungi originally described in Sri Lanka
FIGURE 1. Unexplored fungal diversity in Sri Lanka. a–u Diversity of fungi from different micro habitats such as in leaf litter, decying wood. Scale bars: a, b, c, e, f, h, i, j, k, n = 1000 µm; g, l, o, q, r, t = 500 µm; u = 100 µm.
Invasion and maintenance of meiotic drivers in populations of ascomycete fungi
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Data from: Long-term experimental warming alters community composition of ascomycetes in Alaskan moist and dry arctic tundra
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Data from: Basidiomycete yeasts in the cortex of ascomycete macrolichens
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Data from: A crush on small fungi: an efficient and quick method for obtaining DNA from minute ascomycetes
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Data from: Two new sterile species of Loxospora (Sarrameanaceae: lichenized ascomycetes) from the mid-Atlantic coastal plain
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Figure 2 from: Zeng Z-Q, Zheng H-D, Wang X-C, Wei S-L, Zhuang W-Y (2020) Ascomycetes from the Qilian Mountains, China – Hypocreales. MycoKeys 71: 119-137. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.71.55009
Figure 2 BI tree generated based on the combined datasets of RPB2 and TEF1 sequences of Trichoderma species. Supporting values showing at branches: BIPP (left) and MPBP (right). BIPP greater than 90% and MPBP greater than 70% are shown at the nodes.
Figure 4 from: Zeng Z-Q, Zheng H-D, Wang X-C, Wei S-L, Zhuang W-Y (2020) Ascomycetes from the Qilian Mountains, China – Hypocreales. MycoKeys 71: 119-137. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.71.55009
Figure 4 Trichoderma gansuanuma fresh stroma b dry stroma c stromatal surface d color of stroma after rehydration e median section through stromata f cortical tissue in section g subperithecial tissues in section h perithecia in section i ascus with ascospores j–m ascus with part-ascospores a from HMAS 279684, b–m from HMAS 279687. Scale bars: 1 cm (a); 1 mm (b–d); 50 μm (e–f); 10 μm (g–m).
Figure 1 from: Zeng Z-Q, Zheng H-D, Wang X-C, Wei S-L, Zhuang W-Y (2020) Ascomycetes from the Qilian Mountains, China – Hypocreales. MycoKeys 71: 119-137. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.71.55009
Figure 1 BI tree generated based on the combined datasets of ACL1, ITS and RPB2 sequences of Stylonectria and its relatives. Supporting values showing at branches: BIPP (left) and MPBP (right). BIPP greater than 90% and MPBP greater than 70% are shown at the nodes.
Figure 3 from: Zeng Z-Q, Zheng H-D, Wang X-C, Wei S-L, Zhuang W-Y (2020) Ascomycetes from the Qilian Mountains, China – Hypocreales. MycoKeys 71: 119-137. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.71.55009
Figure 3 Stylonectria qilianshanensisa–c ascomata on natural substrate d–f median section through perithecium g–l ascus with ascospores m–q ascospores. From HMAS 255803. Scale bars: 1 mm (a–c); 50 μm (d–f); 10 μm (g–q).
Data from: Multilevel selection in the filamentous ascomycete Neurospora tetrasperma
The history of life has been driven by evolutionary transitions in individuality, i.e., the aggregation of autonomous individuals to form a new, higher-level individual. The fungus Neurospora tetrasperma has recently undergone an evolutionary transition in individuality from homokaryosis (one single type of nuclei in the same cytoplasm) to heterokaryosis (two genetically divergent and free-ranging nuclear types). In this species, selection can act at different levels: while nuclei can compete in their replication and transmission into short-lived asexual spores, at the level of the heterokaryotic individual cooperation between nuclear types is required to produce the long-lived sexual spores. Conflicts can arise between these two levels of selection if the coevolution between nuclear types is disrupted. Here, we investigated the extent of multilevel selection in three strains of N. tetrasperma. We assessed the ratio between nuclear types under different conditions, and measured fitness traits of homo- and heterokaryotic mycelia with varying nuclear ratios. We show that the two nuclei have complementary traits, consistent with division of labor and cooperation. In one strain, for which a recent chromosomal introgression was detected, we observed the occurrence of selfish nuclei, enjoying better replication and transmission than sister nuclei at the same time as being detrimental to the heterokaryon. We hypothesize that introgression has disrupted the coevolution between nuclear types in this strain.
Data from: Prevalence of transcription factors in ascomycete and basidiomycete fungi
Background: Gene regulation underlies fungal physiology and therefore is a major factor in fungal biodiversity. Analysis of genome sequences has revealed a large number of putative transcription factors in most fungal genomes. The presence of fungal orthologs for individual regulators has been analysed and appears to be highly variable with some regulators widely conserved and others showing narrow distribution. Although genome-scale transcription factor surveys have been performed before, no global study into the prevalence of specific regulators across the fungal kingdom has been presented. Results: In this study we have analysed the number of members for 37 regulator classes in 77 ascomycete and 31 basidiomycete fungal genomes and revealed significant differences between ascomycetes and basidiomycetes. In addition, we determined the presence of 64 regulators characterised in ascomycetes across these 108 genomes. This demonstrated that overall the highest presence of orthologs is in the filamentous ascomycetes. A significant number of regulators lacked orthologs in the ascomycete yeasts and the basidiomycetes. Conversely, of seven basidiomycete regulators included in the study, only one had orthologs in ascomycetes. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a significant difference in the regulatory repertoire of ascomycete and basidiomycete fungi, at the level of both regulator class and individual regulator. This suggests that the current regulatory systems of these fungi have been mainly developed after the two phyla diverged. Most regulators detected in both phyla are involved in central functions of fungal physiology and therefore were likely already present in the ancestor of the two phyla.
Fig. 1. Terpenoids 1–10 isolated from a in Botryane, noreudesmane and abietane terpenoids from the ascomycete Hypoxylon rickii
Fig. 1. Terpenoids 1–10 isolated from a single cultivation of the fungus Hypoxylon rickii.
Figure 1 from: Phookamsak R, Hongsanan S, Bhat DJ, Wanasinghe DN, Promputtha I, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Xie N, Dawoud TM, Mortimer PE, Xu J, Lumyong S (2024) Exploring ascomycete diversity in Yunnan II: Introducing three novel species in the suborder Massarineae (Dothideomycetes, Pleosporales) from fern and grasses. In: Wijayawardene N, Karunarathna S, Fan X-L, Li Q-R (Eds) Taxonomy and secondary metabolites of wood-associated fungi. MycoKeys 104: 9-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.104.112149
Figure 1 Phylogram of the best-scoring ML consensus tree of taxa in Bambusicolaceae and Occultibambusaceae. The new isolate is indicated in blue. Isolates from type materials are in bold. The ML ultrafast bootstrap and Bayesian PP values greater than 60% and 0.90 are shown at the nodes.
Figure 2 from: Phookamsak R, Hongsanan S, Bhat DJ, Wanasinghe DN, Promputtha I, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Xie N, Dawoud TM, Mortimer PE, Xu J, Lumyong S (2024) Exploring ascomycete diversity in Yunnan II: Introducing three novel species in the suborder Massarineae (Dothideomycetes, Pleosporales) from fern and grasses. In: Wijayawardene N, Karunarathna S, Fan X-L, Li Q-R (Eds) Taxonomy and secondary metabolites of wood-associated fungi. MycoKeys 104: 9-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.104.112149
Figure 2 Phylogram of the best-scoring ML consensus tree of Trichobotrys species in Dictyosporiaceae and closely-related families viz. Didymosphaeriaceae, Lentitheciaceae, Morosphaeriaceae, Sulcatisporaceae and Trematosphaeriaceae. The new isolate is indicated in blue. Isolates from type materials are in bold. The ML ultrafast bootstrap and Bayesian PP values greater than 70% and 0.95 are shown at the nodes.
Figure 5 from: Phookamsak R, Hongsanan S, Bhat DJ, Wanasinghe DN, Promputtha I, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Xie N, Dawoud TM, Mortimer PE, Xu J, Lumyong S (2024) Exploring ascomycete diversity in Yunnan II: Introducing three novel species in the suborder Massarineae (Dothideomycetes, Pleosporales) from fern and grasses. In: Wijayawardene N, Karunarathna S, Fan X-L, Li Q-R (Eds) Taxonomy and secondary metabolites of wood-associated fungi. MycoKeys 104: 9-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.104.112149
Figure 5 Trichobotrys sinensis (KUN-HKAS 129041, holotype) A, B the appearance of colonies on the host surface C mycelium D–H conidiophores bearing conidiogenous cells and conidia I conidia in a short acropetal chain J–N conidia O culture characteristics on PDAP conidioma forming on PDA after eight weeks Q pycnidial wall R–T conidiogenous cells (note: T = stained in Congo red) U conidia. Scale bars: 100 μm (P); 50 μm (C); 10 μm (D–H, Q–U); 5 μm (J–N).
Figure 3 from: Phookamsak R, Hongsanan S, Bhat DJ, Wanasinghe DN, Promputtha I, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Xie N, Dawoud TM, Mortimer PE, Xu J, Lumyong S (2024) Exploring ascomycete diversity in Yunnan II: Introducing three novel species in the suborder Massarineae (Dothideomycetes, Pleosporales) from fern and grasses. In: Wijayawardene N, Karunarathna S, Fan X-L, Li Q-R (Eds) Taxonomy and secondary metabolites of wood-associated fungi. MycoKeys 104: 9-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.104.112149
Figure 3 Phylogram of the best-scoring ML consensus tree of taxa in Periconiaceae and the closely-related families Lentitheciaceae and Massarinaceae. The new isolate is indicated in blue. Isolates from type materials are in bold. The ML ultrafast bootstrap and Bayesian PP values greater than 50% and 0.95 are shown at the nodes.
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