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129 results for “Biodiversity change”
Fig. 1 in How might sea level change affect arthropod biodiversity in anchialine caves: a comparison of Remipedia and Atyidae taxa (Arthropoda: Altocrustacea)
Fig. 1 Remipede species richness in (a) the Caribbean, (b) Canary Islands, (c) Western Australia, and (d) global richness. Species richness by cave correlates with size of white circles. For (d), only the caves with the highest richness in the region are shown. The present-day coastlines are outlined in black, and the land masses exposed 18 kya are illustrated
Fine-scale variation in projected climate change presents opportunities for biodiversity conservation in Europe
<p>We use a multi-model ensemble of regional climate models to identify areas with significantly high and low climate stability persistent throughout the 21<sup>st</sup> century in Europe.</p> <p>Here we present a set of raster files that contain discrete zones of climatic stability and instability, also referred to as hotspots and coldspots. Our analysis of future climatic stability was based on projected changes of nine climate variables selected to proxy key aspects of terrestrial ecosystem dynamics. The underlying climate projection, including different indices, are available at <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/3952159#.YNWN_OgzaUl">https://zenodo.org/record/3952159#.YNWN_OgzaUl</a>. The cumulative change of all nine climate variables, termed Aggregate Climate Change (ACC), is used to identify regions of significantly higher or lower climatic stability (Getis-Ord Gi* p-value < 0.05) across Europe. We carry out this assessment at the continental and regional scales. While the continental assessment reports the large-scale latitudinal and orographic patterns of climatic stability, the regional assessment explores the residual ACC variation that remained after extracting the large-scale continental trend. The raster files present climatic features that were identified to persist in their location throughout the 21<sup>st</sup> century (i.e., in periods 2021-2040, 2041-2060, and 2061-2100) and were supported by a majority of climate projections considered in this study. Specifically, we considered five GCM-RCM pairs driven by two RCP scenarios, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The targeted areas of climatic stability were required to be confirmed by four out of five climate models nested within each RCP, at least.</p> <p>The used naming convention is as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Scale – Global, Regional</li> <li>Type of the zone – HotSpot (zone of significantly low climatic stability), ColdSpot (zone of significantly high climatic stability)</li> <li>Driving RCP scenario – RCP45, RCP85</li> </ul> <p>Raster files with RCP indicated in their name refer to either RCP4.5 or RCP8.5. These files contain two values referring to the presence (1) or absence (0) of climatic stability areas:</p> <p>Global_HotSpots _RCP45</p> <p>Global_ColdSpots _RCP45</p> <p>Regional_HotSpots _RCP45</p> <p>Regional_ColdSpots _RCP45</p> <p>Global_HotSpots _RCP85</p> <p>Global_ColdSpots _RCP85</p> <p>Regional_HotSpots _RCP85</p> <p>Regional_ColdSpots _RCP85</p> <p>Raster files without RCP code in their name contain combinations of both RCPs. The cell values indicate absence (0), presence in RCP4.5 OR RCP8.5 (1), or presence in RCP4.5 AND RCP8.5 (2) of climatic stability areas:</p> <p>Global_HotSpots</p> <p>Global_ColdSpots</p> <p>Regional_HotSpots</p> <p>Regional_ColdSpots</p> <p>The format of raster files is tiff. All data are in the GCS_WGS_1984 geographic coordinate system.</p>
Data from: The sensitivity of Neotoma to climate change and biodiversity loss over the late Quaternary
<p>The late Quaternary was a time of considerable environmental change in North America. Not only was climate highly variable, but a megafaunal extinction at the terminal Pleistocene led to considerable loss of biodiversity. These combined perturbations likely had cascading effects across communities and ecosystems. Here, we focus on a detailed fossil record on the Edwards Plateau in Texas and the response of <em>Neotoma</em>, a genus of herbivorous rodents, to these environmental and ecological perturbations. We characterized changes in <em>Neotoma</em> body mass and diet across the past 20,000 years; body mass was estimated using measurements of fossil teeth and diet quantified using stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen isotope from fossil bone collagen. We found that prior to ~7,000 cal yr BP, maximum mass was positively and significantly correlated to precipitation and negatively correlated to temperature. Independently, body mass was significantly and negatively correlated to communtiy composition becoming more similar to modern over time. Moreover, while <em>Neotoma</em> diet in the Pleistocene was primarily sourced from C<sub>3</sub> resources, it became progressively more reliant on C<sub>4</sub> (and potentially CAM) plants through the Holocene. The combination of decreasing population body mass and higher C<sub>4</sub>/CAM consumption was associated with a regional transition from a mesic forest to a xeric savanna grassland. Our results suggest that <em>Neotoma</em> during the terminal Pleistocene were responding to climatic factors through changes in body size, while changes in local resource availability during the Holocene likely led to changes in the relative abundance of different <em>Neotoma</em> species in the community. </p>
Changes in forest biodiversity metrics associated with Hurricane Katrina
<p class="MsoNormal">Recurrent tropical cyclones frequently influence warm temperate forests in many coastal regions. If resistance to high winds (cyclone survival) and resilience in altered environments (post-cyclone recruitment) vary with cyclone intensity, then differences in composition, arboreal structure and dynamics of forests should occur in these forests. We hypothesized that major tropical cyclones should produce large, stratum-dependent effects that result in large environmental changes. We anticipate direct regeneration, with post-cyclone forests resembling pre-cyclone forests in composition, but potentially shifting to long-transient alternate states that do not readily or necessarily return to pre-cyclone states. Using a long-term, plot-based study, we explored direct effects of major Hurricane Katrina (sustained winds >50m/sec), as well as initial post-hurricane changes in overstory and understory trees in oak-dominated bottomland and cypress/tupelo-dominated swamp forests within the Mississippi River delta. Hurricane Katrina caused high overall mortality (14% - swamp forest, 25% - bottomland forest), but mortality was concentrated in overstory strata (22% in swamp forests and 70% in bottomland forests). Almost all overstory oaks were killed, while most overstory cypress and tupelo were damaged, but survived and were reduced to understory status. In both forests, many trees of less abundant overstory species (red maples, sweetgum, elms, ash) survived and constitute a slowly reforming overstory via resprouting of survivors and recruitment of understory trees. Thus, forest overstories appear likely to change in dominant species. Understory trees in both forests had high survival and responded post-cyclone. Nonetheless, one usurper species, dwarf palmetto, with high resistance and high resilience, now forms a dense arboreal layer in the understory stratum, dominating an alternate state with different overstory and closed understory capable of suppressing recruitment and establishment of overstory and understory species. Resistance and resilience of overstory and understory tree species that vary with cyclone intensity might result in prolonged alternate states in cyclone-frequented forests.</p>
Data from: Changes in the location of biodiversity–ecosystem function hot spots across the seafloor landscape with increasing sediment nutrient loading
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Data from: Linking disturbance and resistance to invasion via changes in biodiversity: a conceptual model and an experimental test on rocky reefs
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Changes in forest biodiversity metrics associated with Hurricane Katrina
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Data from: The impacts of climate change and disturbance on spatio-temporal trajectories of biodiversity in a temperate forest landscape
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Data from: The sensitivity of Neotoma to climate change and biodiversity loss over the late Quaternary
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Data from: Sea level change and the area of shallow-marine habitat: implications for marine biodiversity
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Data from: Response of deep-sea biodiversity to abrupt deglacial and Holocene climate changes in the North Atlantic Ocean
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Data from: Interactive effects of climate change and biodiversity loss on ecosystem functioning
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Data from: Anticipating arrival: tackling the national challenges associated with the redistribution of biodiversity driven by climate change
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Data from: Using root traits to understand temporal changes in biodiversity effects in grassland mixtures.
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Data from: Biodiversity ensures plant-pollinator phenological synchrony against climate change
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Data from: How do habitat amount and habitat fragmentation drive time-delayed responses of biodiversity to land-use change?
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Data from: Space can substitute for time in predicting climate-change effects on biodiversity
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Data from: Comparative phylogeography reveals a shared impact of Pleistocene environmental change in shaping genetic diversity within nine Anopheles mosquito species across the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot
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Data from: Forecasting potential routes for movement of endemic birds among important sites for biodiversity in the Albertine Rift under projected climate change
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Up in the air: threats to Afromontane biodiversity from climate change and habitat loss revealed by genetic monitoring of the Ethiopian Highlands bat
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.