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312 results for “Boreas”
BOREAS RSS-03 Imagery and Snapshots from a Helicopter-Mounted Video Camera
This data set provides images of boreal forests in central Canada collected over numerous tower and auxiliary sites during the BOREAS Intensive Field Campaigns (IFCs) in the Northern (NSA) and Southern Study Areas (SSA). The images were acquired by helicopter with VHS video cameras during the green-up, peak, and senescent stages of the growing season from May-September of 1994. These snapshots were generated from VHS imagery and converted to .jpg format.
BOREAS TE-12 Leaf Optical Data for SSA Species
The BOREAS TE-12 team collected several data sets in support of its efforts to characterize and interpret information on the reflectance, transmittance, and gas exchange of boreal vegetation. This data set contains measurements of hemispherical spectral reflectance and transmittance factors of individual leaves, needles (ages: current and past 2 years' growth, i.e., for 1993, the growing seasons of 1993, 1992, and 1991 were measured; in 1994, the growing seasons of 1994, 1993, and 1992 were measured), twigs (reflectance only), and substrate at near-normal incidence measured using a LI-COR LI-1800-12 integrating sphere attached to a Spectron Engineering SE590 spectroradiometer. Procedures of Daughtry et al. (1989) were followed. These procedures permitted measurement of samples that: 1) filled the entire integrating sphere sample port, and 2) were narrow with a length greater than the sample port diameter. Optical properties were measured at the SSA Fen,YJP, YA, and OBS sites.
BOREAS TE-08 Aspen Bark Spectral Reflectance Data
The BOREAS TE-08 team collected in-lab spectral reflectance data for aspen bark and leaves from three sites within the BOREAS SSA from 24-May-1994 to 16-Jun-1994 (IFC 1), 19-Jul-1994 to 08-Aug-1994 (IFC 2), and 30-Aug-1994 to 19-Sep-1994 (IFC 3). One to nine trees from each site were sampled during the three IFCs. Each tree was sampled in five different locations for bark spectral properties: BS, US, BR, BT, and BO. Additionally, a limited number of LV were collected. Bark samples were removed from the stem of the tree and placed in ziplock bags for transport to UNH, where they were scanned with a spectroradiometer in a controlled environment. Each sample was scanned twice: the first set of measurements was made with the bark surface moistened, and the second set was made with the bark surface air-dried for a period of 30 minutes. These data represent continuous spectra of bark reflectance. Each sample was scanned three times, rotating the sample when possible. The reported values for each sample are an average over the three scans.
BOREAS Follow-On DSP-10 Regridded Peatland Maps
These images were produced by aggregating 1' gridded data layers derived from the polygon-based Peatlands of Canada Database (Tarnocai et al., 2000) to 10' (horizontal) by 5' (vertical) and to 0.5 degree by 0.5 degree (or 30' by 30') pixel sizes in straight latitude/longitude grids. See the Peatlands Map of Canada data set for more information on the original data product that this is based on.
BOREAS TE-09 Photosynthetic Capacity and Foliage Nitrogen Data
The BOREAS TE-09 team collected several data sets related to chemical and photosynthetic properties of leaves in boreal forest tree species. This data set describes the spatial and temporal relationship between foliage nitrogen concentration and photosynthetic capacity in the canopies of black spruce, jack pine, and aspen. The data were collected from June to September 1994 and are useful for modeling the vertical distribution of carbon fixation for different forest types in the boreal forest.
BOREAS TGB-04 NSA-BVP Tower Flux and Meteorological Data
The BOREAS TGB-04 team measured the exchange of heat, water, and CO2 between a boreal forest beaver pond and the atmosphere in the NSA for the ice-free period of BOREAS. The data cover the period of May 28 to September 18, 1994.
BOREAS HYD-03 Canopy Density Data
The BOREAS HYD-03 team collected several data sets related to the hydrology of forested areas. This data set contains measurements of canopy density (closure) from a variety of sites. Canopy density measurements were made during the FFC-W and FFC-T 1994 in both the SSA and NSA using a forest densiometer. This study was undertaken to predict spatial distributions of energy transfer, snow properties important to the hydrology, remote sensing signatures, and transmissivity of gases through the snow and their relation to forests in boreal ecosystems.
BOREAS Level-3S SPOT Imagery: Scaled At-Sensor Radiance in LGSOWG Format
For BOREAS, the level-3s SPOT data, along with the other remotely sensed images, were collected in order to provide spatially extensive information over the primary study areas. This information includes radiant energy, detailed land cover, and biophysical parameter maps such as FPAR and LAI. The SPOT images acquired for the BOREAS project were selected primarily to fill temporal gaps in the Landsat TM image data collection. CCRS collected and supplied the level-3s images to BORIS for use in the remote sensing research activities. Spatially, the level-3s images cover 60-by 60-km portions of the BOREAS NSA and SSA. Temporally, the images cover the period of 17-Apr-1994 to 30-Aug-1996. The images are available in binary image format files. Companion files include (1) an image inventory listing to inform users of the images that are available and (2) example thumbnail images.
BOREAS Level-4b AVHRR-LAC Ten-Day Composite Images: At-Sensor Radiance
The BOREAS Staff Science Satellite Data Acquisition Program focused on providing the research teams with the remotely sensed satellite data products they needed to compare and spatially extend point results. MRSC and BORIS personnel acquired, processed, and archived data from the AVHRR instruments on the NOAA-11 and -14 satellites. The AVHRR data were acquired by CCRS and were provided to BORIS for use by BOREAS researchers. These AVHRR level-4b data are gridded, 10-day composites of at-sensor radiance values produced from sets of single-day images. Temporally, the 10-day compositing periods begin 11-Apr-1994 and end 10-Sep-1994. Spatially, the data cover the entire BOREAS region. The data are stored in binary image format files. Companion files include example thumbnail images that may be viewed and the image data files downloaded using a convenient viewer utility.
BOREAS TF-01 SSA-OA Tower Flux, Meteorological, and Soil Temperature Data
The BOREAS TF-01 team collected energy, carbon dioxide, and momentum flux data above the canopy along with meteorological and soils data at the BOREAS SSA-OA site from mid-April to the end of the year for 1996.
BOREAS TE-21 Daily Surface Meteorological Data
The BOREAS TE-21 team collected data sets in support of its efforts to characterize and interpret information on the meteorology of boreal forest areas. Daily meteorological data were derived from half-hourly BOREAS TF and AMS mesonet measurements collected in the SSA and NSA for the period of 01-Jan-1994 until 31-Dec-1994.
BOREAS TE-09 Leaf Biochemistry Point Data
The BOREAS TE-09 team collected several data sets related to chemical and photosynthetic properties of leaves. This data set contains canopy biochemistry data collected in 1994 in the NSA at the YJP, OJP, OBS, BS and OA sites including biochemistry lignin, nitrogen, cellulose, starch, and fiber concentrations. These data were collected to study the spatial and temporal changes in the canopy biochemistry of boreal forest cover types and how a high-resolution radiative transfer model in the mid-infrared could be applied in an effort to obtain better estimates of canopy biochemical properties using remote sensing.
BOREAS TGB-12 Radon-222 Activity Data over the NSA
The BOREAS TGB-12 team made measurements of soil carbon inventories, carbon concentration in soil gases, and rates of soil respiration at several sites to estimate the rates of carbon accumulation and turnover in each of the major vegetation types. Sampling strategies for soils were designed to take advantage of local fire chronosequences, so that the accumulation of C in regrowing mosses could be determined. All the data are used to (1) calculate the inventory of C and N in moss and mineral soil layers at NSA sites (2) determine the rates of input and turnover (using both accumulation since the last stand-killing fire and radiocarbon data) and (3) link changes in soil respiration rate to shifts in the 14C content of soil CO2 to determine the average 'age' respired CO2. These 222Rn activity data were collected from 15-NOV-1993 to 16-AUG-1994 over the NSA sites.
BOREAS TE-01 SSA Soil Lab Data
This data set was collected by TE-01 to provide a set of soil properties for BOREAS investigators in the SSA. The soil samples were collected at sets of soil pits. Each set of soil pits was in the vicinity of one of the five flux towers in the BOREAS SSA. The collected soil samples were sent to a lab, where the major soil properties were determined. These properties include, but are not limited to, soil horizon; dry soil color; pH; bulk density; total, organic, and inorganic carbon; electric conductivity; cation exchange capacity; exchangeable sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and hydrogen; water content at 0.01, 0.033, and 1.5 MPascals; nitrogen; phosphorus; particle size distribution; texture; pH of the mineral soil and of the organic soil; extractable acid; and sulfur.
BOREAS HYD-08 DEM Data over the NSA-MSA and SSA-MSA in UTM Projection
These DEMs were produced from digitized contours at a cell resolution of 100 meters. Vector contours of the area were used as input to a software package that interpolates between contours to create a DEM representing the terrain surface. The vector contours had a contour interval of 25 feet. The data cover the BOREAS MSAs of the SSA and NSA and are given in a UTM map projection.
BOREAS Follow-On DSP-08 POLDER Atmospherically Corrected Surface Parameters, SSA
This data set contains maps of surface reflectance and ve getation parameters derived from imagery collected by the POLDER instrument over BOREAS conifer tower sites in the Southern Study Area(SSA) during 1994. The POLDER imagery proficed in this data set was collected on June 1, and July 21, 1994 from the NASA C-130 aircraft platform.
BOREAS TF-09 SSA-OBS Branch Level Flux Data
The BOREAS TF-09 team collected data which describe carbon dioxide and water vapor fluxes from foliage at the BOREAS SSA-OBS site from 07-April through 23-November-1996.
BOREAS RSS-19 1994 Seasonal Understory Reflectance Data
One objective of BOREAS is to further the understanding of the spectral bi-directional reflectance of typical boreal ecosystem stands in the visible/near-infrared regime. An essential input for any canopy BRDF model is an accurate estimate of the average understory reflectance, both for sunlit and shaded conditions. These variables can be expected to vary seasonally because of species-dependent differences in the phenological cycle of foliar display. In response to these requirements, the average understory reflectance for the flux tower sites of both the NSA (Thompson, Manitoba) and the SSA (Candle Lake, Saskatchewan) Study Areas (NSA and SSA) was observed throughout the year during five field campaigns. This was done by measuring the nadir reflectance (400 to 850 nm) of sunlit and shaded understory (vegetation and snow cover) along a surveyed LAI transect line (Chen, RSS-07) at each site near solar noon and documenting a average site reflectance. Comparisons between sites reveal differences in the green and infrared regions of the spectra, because of the differing species in the understory for each site. Temporal (seasonal) variation for each site was also observed, indicating the changing flora mixtures and changing spectral signatures as the understory matures during the growing season.
BOREAS TE-20 Supplementary Site Information For NSA Tower Sites
The BOREAS TE-20 team collected several data sets for use in developing and testing models of forest ecosystem dynamics. This data set and documentation were compiled from field notes and other information provided by Hugo Veldhuis, who did the original soils mapping in the field during 1994. The information here describes the soils and landscape characteristics of the NSA-MSA and tower sites.
BOREAS HYD-06 Ground Gravimetric Soil Moisture Data
This data set contains percent soil moisture ground measurements. These data were collected on the ground along the various flight lines flown in the Southern and Northern Study Areas (SSA and NSA) during 1994 by the gamma ray instrument. This data set contains information on the locations of field in-site measurements of soil moisture, depth of moss/humus layer, and water content of the moss/humus layer and contains information on soil conditions and vegetative cover around the sites.
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