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Distribution. Discontinuous and limited to wetland environments in SE Sudan, perhaps the Rift Valley of Ethiopia, W Kenya surrounding Lake Victoria (two locations, very rare), Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda, NW Tanzania, and NE DR Congo. Maps and distributional information here are provisional pending future research. in Bovidae

Distribution. Discontinuous and limited to wetland environments in SE Sudan, perhaps the Rift Valley of Ethiopia, W Kenya surrounding Lake Victoria (two locations, very rare), Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda, NW Tanzania, and NE DR Congo. Maps and distributional information here are provisional pending future research.

Distribution. Discontinuous and limited to wetland environments in the Congo Basin N and W of the range of the Zambezi Sitatunga in S Benin (Porto Novo), S Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, N DR Congo; also several isolated populations in W Africa (Senegal, Gambia & Guinea-Bissau), NE Nigeria and W Chad, and perhaps extreme S Ghana. Maps and distributional information here are provisional pending future research. in Bovidae

Distribution. Discontinuous and limited to wetland environments in the Congo Basin N and W of the range of the Zambezi Sitatunga in S Benin (Porto Novo), S Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, N DR Congo; also several isolated populations in W Africa (Senegal, Gambia & Guinea-Bissau), NE Nigeria and W Chad, and perhaps extreme S Ghana. Maps and distributional information here are provisional pending future research.

Distribution. Discontinuous and limited to wetland environments in two areas of S Sudan: small swamps in SW Sudan near the DR Congo border, where the type specimen was collected, and the Sudd Swamps (Bahr-el-Ghazal) of the upper White Nile. Maps and distributional information here are provisional pending future research. in Bovidae

Distribution. Discontinuous and limited to wetland environments in two areas of S Sudan: small swamps in SW Sudan near the DR Congo border, where the type specimen was collected, and the Sudd Swamps (Bahr-el-Ghazal) of the upper White Nile. Maps and distributional information here are provisional pending future research.

Subspecies and Distribution. T.n.napuF.Cuvier,1822—SMyanmar,Thai/MalayPeninsula,islandsoffWMalayPeninsula(Langkawi&Pangkor),Borneo,SSumatra,BangkaI,islandsoffBorneo(Laut&Serasan). T.n.bangue:Chasen&Kloss,1931—BanggiIandBalembanganI,offNBorneo. T.n.bunguranensisMiller,1901—NatunaIs(=Bunguran),oftWBorneo. T.n.neubronneriSody,1931—NSumatra. T.n.nmiasisLyon,1916—NiasI,offWSumatra. T.n.rufulusMiller,1900—TiomanI,offEMalayPeninsula,RiauandLinggaArchipelagos. T. n. terutus Thomas & Wroughton, 1909 — Terutau I, off W Malay Peninsula. The species was recently reconfirmed for Singapore. Maps that include Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos in the distribution range are based on the earlier assumption that 7. versicolor was a subspecies of 1. napu. Subsequent studies have indicated that 7. versicolor is a distinct species, and that the range of 1. napu therefore does not extend into Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. The northern limit on the Thai-Malay peninsula is not well defined. Specimens of 1. napu have been collected from as far north as Bankachon in southern Myanmar (10° 08" N), but despite fairly intensive camera-trapping in Kui Buri National Park, Thailand (12° N), 7. napu has not been photographed there. At the northern margin ofits range, it is generally rare. It has been reported, for example, that during the flooding of the Chiew Larn Reservoir (Surat Thani Province; about 9° N, 98° 45' E), only six 7. napu were rescued compared with 172 71. kanchil. This area is the transition zone from wetter evergreen forest to drier deciduous types, and it might be that 7° napu is not well adapted to the drier forest types towards the northern limit ofits range. There are unconfirmed reports of the species on Java, where it may have been confused with one of the two color morphs of 7. javanicus. As explained in the Taxonomy section, the subspecific status of the populations of several islands remains unclear. in Tragulidae

Subspecies and Distribution. T.n.napuF.Cuvier,1822—SMyanmar,Thai/MalayPeninsula,islandsoffWMalayPeninsula(Langkawi&Pangkor),Borneo,SSumatra,BangkaI,islandsoffBorneo(Laut&Serasan). T.n.bangue:Chasen&Kloss,1931—BanggiIandBalembanganI,offNBorneo. T.n.bunguranensisMiller,1901—NatunaIs(=Bunguran),oftWBorneo. T.n.neubronneriSody,1931—NSumatra. T.n.nmiasisLyon,1916—NiasI,offWSumatra. T.n.rufulusMiller,1900—TiomanI,offEMalayPeninsula,RiauandLinggaArchipelagos. T. n. terutus Thomas & Wroughton, 1909 — Terutau I, off W Malay Peninsula. The species was recently reconfirmed for Singapore. Maps that include Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos in the distribution range are based on the earlier assumption that 7. versicolor was a subspecies of 1. napu. Subsequent studies have indicated that 7. versicolor is a distinct species, and that the range of 1. napu therefore does not extend into Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. The northern limit on the Thai-Malay peninsula is not well defined. Specimens of 1. napu have been collected from as far north as Bankachon in southern Myanmar (10° 08" N), but despite fairly intensive camera-trapping in Kui Buri National Park, Thailand (12° N), 7. napu has not been photographed there. At the northern margin ofits range, it is generally rare. It has been reported, for example, that during the flooding of the Chiew Larn Reservoir (Surat Thani Province; about 9° N, 98° 45' E), only six 7. napu were rescued compared with 172 71. kanchil. This area is the transition zone from wetter evergreen forest to drier deciduous types, and it might be that 7° napu is not well adapted to the drier forest types towards the northern limit ofits range. There are unconfirmed reports of the species on Java, where it may have been confused with one of the two color morphs of 7. javanicus. As explained in the Taxonomy section, the subspecific status of the populations of several islands remains unclear.

Subspecies and Distribution. H.b.bruceiGray,1868—Ethiopia. H.b.albipesHollister,1922—Kenya. H.b.bakeriGray,1874—Uganda. H.b.bocageiGray,1869—Angola. H.b.chapiniHatt,1933—DRCongo. H.b.dieseneriBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.fromm:Brauer,1913—Tanzania. H.b.grantiWroughton,1910—SouthAfrica. H.b.hindeiWroughton,1910—Kenya. H.b.hoogstraaliSetzer,1956—Sudan. H.b.kemp:Thomas,1910—Kenya. H.b.lademanniBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.manningiWroughton,1910—Malawi. H.b.mossambicusPeters,1870—Mozambique. H.b.muenzneriBrauer,1913—Tanzania. H.b.princepsThomas,1910—Ethiopia. H.b.prittwitziBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.pumilusThomas,1910—Somaliland. H.b.rudd:Wroughton,1910—Mozambique. H.b.rudolfiThomas,1910—Ethiopia. H.b.somalicusThomas,1892—Somaliland. H.b.ssongeaeBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.thomasiNeumann,1901—Sudan. H. b. victorianjansae Brauer, 1917 — Tanzania. Endemic to Africa from NE Sudan throughout the Horn of Africa, south to Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces in South Africa, and also isolated populations in Angola. Determining the limits of subspecific distribution is not possible for the moment, but the subspecies and the countries bearing their type localities are included above. in Procaviidae

Subspecies and Distribution. H.b.bruceiGray,1868—Ethiopia. H.b.albipesHollister,1922—Kenya. H.b.bakeriGray,1874—Uganda. H.b.bocageiGray,1869—Angola. H.b.chapiniHatt,1933—DRCongo. H.b.dieseneriBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.fromm:Brauer,1913—Tanzania. H.b.grantiWroughton,1910—SouthAfrica. H.b.hindeiWroughton,1910—Kenya. H.b.hoogstraaliSetzer,1956—Sudan. H.b.kemp:Thomas,1910—Kenya. H.b.lademanniBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.manningiWroughton,1910—Malawi. H.b.mossambicusPeters,1870—Mozambique. H.b.muenzneriBrauer,1913—Tanzania. H.b.princepsThomas,1910—Ethiopia. H.b.prittwitziBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.pumilusThomas,1910—Somaliland. H.b.rudd:Wroughton,1910—Mozambique. H.b.rudolfiThomas,1910—Ethiopia. H.b.somalicusThomas,1892—Somaliland. H.b.ssongeaeBrauer,1917—Tanzania. H.b.thomasiNeumann,1901—Sudan. H. b. victorianjansae Brauer, 1917 — Tanzania. Endemic to Africa from NE Sudan throughout the Horn of Africa, south to Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces in South Africa, and also isolated populations in Angola. Determining the limits of subspecific distribution is not possible for the moment, but the subspecies and the countries bearing their type localities are included above.

Subspecies and Distribution. A. a. azarae Humboldt, 1812 — SC Brazil (Pantanal), S Bolivia (Banados del Izozog), Paraguay (S & W Chaco, W of the Rio Paraguay), and N Argentina (provinces of Chaco & Formosa). A. a. boliviensis Elliot, 1907 — SE Peru (S of the rios Madre de Dios and Inambari) and Bolivia E of the Andes (from the Rio Madre de Dios S to the Banados del Izozog in the border region with Paraguay). A. a. infulatus Kuhl, 1820 — Brazil, S of the Rio Amazonas (but with a small enclave in the SE tip of Amapa State), including Marajo and Caviana Is, extending E in the state of Maranhao as far as the Rio Parnaiba, S along the W bank of Rio Tocantins to the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, W limits are marked by the rios Tapajos and Juruena. in Aotidae

Subspecies and Distribution. A. a. azarae Humboldt, 1812 — SC Brazil (Pantanal), S Bolivia (Banados del Izozog), Paraguay (S & W Chaco, W of the Rio Paraguay), and N Argentina (provinces of Chaco & Formosa). A. a. boliviensis Elliot, 1907 — SE Peru (S of the rios Madre de Dios and Inambari) and Bolivia E of the Andes (from the Rio Madre de Dios S to the Banados del Izozog in the border region with Paraguay). A. a. infulatus Kuhl, 1820 — Brazil, S of the Rio Amazonas (but with a small enclave in the SE tip of Amapa State), including Marajo and Caviana Is, extending E in the state of Maranhao as far as the Rio Parnaiba, S along the W bank of Rio Tocantins to the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, W limits are marked by the rios Tapajos and Juruena.

Distribution. SE Brazil, through the coastal Serra do Mar in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, and NE of Parana, the N limits are the Serra da Mantiqueira and the rios Paraiba and Paraiba do Sul. in Atelidae

Distribution. SE Brazil, through the coastal Serra do Mar in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, and NE of Parana, the N limits are the Serra da Mantiqueira and the rios Paraiba and Paraiba do Sul.

Subspecies and Distribution. A. [. fusciceps Gray, 1866 — NW Ecuador, W of the Andes, historically in the provinces of Esmeraldas and Carchi, from the Colombian border S to the Cordillera de Colonche in the Guayas Province (most S record is in "Puente sobre el rio Chimbo," Chimborazo Province), but today it is restricted to two remnant populations (Awa Ethnological Reserve N of the Rio Mira, and Cotacachi-Cayapas Ecological Reserve and adjacent Los Cedros Protected Forest and surrounding forests S of the Rio Mira). A. f. rufiventris Sclater, 1872 — E Panama (Atlantic slope) and W Colombia from the Uraba region in NW Antioquia, N through Cordoba, Sucre, and N Bolivar departments (N distributional limit on the S bank of the Canal del Dique, Cartagena), W of the Rio Cauca to the coast, E to the lower Rio Cauca along the W bank to SC Antioquia (the Cerro Pirre or the Rio Tucuti marks the border with A. geoffroyi grisescens), and S to the Cordillera Occidental of the Andes in SW Colombia (the most southerly record is Barabacoas, Narino Department). in Atelidae

Subspecies and Distribution. A. [. fusciceps Gray, 1866 — NW Ecuador, W of the Andes, historically in the provinces of Esmeraldas and Carchi, from the Colombian border S to the Cordillera de Colonche in the Guayas Province (most S record is in "Puente sobre el rio Chimbo," Chimborazo Province), but today it is restricted to two remnant populations (Awa Ethnological Reserve N of the Rio Mira, and Cotacachi-Cayapas Ecological Reserve and adjacent Los Cedros Protected Forest and surrounding forests S of the Rio Mira). A. f. rufiventris Sclater, 1872 — E Panama (Atlantic slope) and W Colombia from the Uraba region in NW Antioquia, N through Cordoba, Sucre, and N Bolivar departments (N distributional limit on the S bank of the Canal del Dique, Cartagena), W of the Rio Cauca to the coast, E to the lower Rio Cauca along the W bank to SC Antioquia (the Cerro Pirre or the Rio Tucuti marks the border with A. geoffroyi grisescens), and S to the Cordillera Occidental of the Andes in SW Colombia (the most southerly record is Barabacoas, Narino Department).

Subspecies and Distribution. A. p. palliata Gray, 1849 — NE Guatemala (Rio Motagua, and possibly along the coast a short distance to Cabo de Tres Puntas, where it meets the distribution of the Central American Black Howler, A. pigra), E to E Costa Rica or W Panama; it is not found in El Salvador, although it may have occurred there in the past. A. p. aequatorialis Festa, 1903 — from the S distributional limits of the nominate subspecies palliata (either in E Costa Rica or W Panama) through the Serrania del Darién into W Colombia (N through basins of the rios Sint and Atrato to the Caribbean coast, and S through the Serrania del Baudo and the foothills, lowlands, and lower montane areas W of the Andes to the Pacific coast), W Ecuador, and NW Peru (extreme N of Tumbes Department). A. p. coibensis Thomas, 1902 — SW Panama (Coiba and Jicaron Is). A. p. mexicana Merriam, 1902 — S & SE Mexico (states of Veracruz, Tabasco, Campeche, Oaxaca, and N Chiapas) and Guatemala, in a swathe skirting the S of the distribution of the Central American Black Howler. A. p. trabeata Lawrence, 1933 — SW Panama (Azuero Peninsula). in Atelidae

Subspecies and Distribution. A. p. palliata Gray, 1849 — NE Guatemala (Rio Motagua, and possibly along the coast a short distance to Cabo de Tres Puntas, where it meets the distribution of the Central American Black Howler, A. pigra), E to E Costa Rica or W Panama; it is not found in El Salvador, although it may have occurred there in the past. A. p. aequatorialis Festa, 1903 — from the S distributional limits of the nominate subspecies palliata (either in E Costa Rica or W Panama) through the Serrania del Darién into W Colombia (N through basins of the rios Sint and Atrato to the Caribbean coast, and S through the Serrania del Baudo and the foothills, lowlands, and lower montane areas W of the Andes to the Pacific coast), W Ecuador, and NW Peru (extreme N of Tumbes Department). A. p. coibensis Thomas, 1902 — SW Panama (Coiba and Jicaron Is). A. p. mexicana Merriam, 1902 — S & SE Mexico (states of Veracruz, Tabasco, Campeche, Oaxaca, and N Chiapas) and Guatemala, in a swathe skirting the S of the distribution of the Central American Black Howler. A. p. trabeata Lawrence, 1933 — SW Panama (Azuero Peninsula).

Subspecies and Distribution. A. s. seniculus Linnaeus, 1766 — Colombia wherever there is forest (except along the Pacific coast and in the desert of the Guajira Peninsula in the far N), NW Venezuela (around Lake Maracaibo), Amazonian Brazil (N of the Solimoes and S of the Rio Negro), E Ecuador and E Peru (E of the Andes, E of the Rio Huallaga, to the upper rios Maranon, Napo, and Putumayo). A. s. juara Elliot, 1910 = W Amazonian Brazil S of the Solimoes, extending W into Amazonian Peru, in the Jurua Basin and, considering the form amazonica to be a synonym, extending across the Rio Solimoes to the interfluvium of the rios Japura and Negro; the W limit defining its distribution is not known. A. s. puruensis Lonnberg, 1941 — Brazilian Amazon, from the Rio Jurua Basin E to the lower Rio Madeira and the middle Rio Aripuana, it extends E across the upper Aripuana to the Rio Teles Pires, to the S is restricted to the N of the Rio Abuna, a left bank tributary of the Rio Madeira that extends along the N border of Bolivia; its occurrence is uncertain in the N of Rondonia State, S of the Rio Ji-parana, although it occurs in S Rondonia, to the Rio Mamoré-Guaporé, in the Serra da Pacaas Novos, and E through the Serra dos Parecis to the Rio Teles Pires. in Atelidae

Subspecies and Distribution. A. s. seniculus Linnaeus, 1766 — Colombia wherever there is forest (except along the Pacific coast and in the desert of the Guajira Peninsula in the far N), NW Venezuela (around Lake Maracaibo), Amazonian Brazil (N of the Solimoes and S of the Rio Negro), E Ecuador and E Peru (E of the Andes, E of the Rio Huallaga, to the upper rios Maranon, Napo, and Putumayo). A. s. juara Elliot, 1910 = W Amazonian Brazil S of the Solimoes, extending W into Amazonian Peru, in the Jurua Basin and, considering the form amazonica to be a synonym, extending across the Rio Solimoes to the interfluvium of the rios Japura and Negro; the W limit defining its distribution is not known. A. s. puruensis Lonnberg, 1941 — Brazilian Amazon, from the Rio Jurua Basin E to the lower Rio Madeira and the middle Rio Aripuana, it extends E across the upper Aripuana to the Rio Teles Pires, to the S is restricted to the N of the Rio Abuna, a left bank tributary of the Rio Madeira that extends along the N border of Bolivia; its occurrence is uncertain in the N of Rondonia State, S of the Rio Ji-parana, although it occurs in S Rondonia, to the Rio Mamoré-Guaporé, in the Serra da Pacaas Novos, and E through the Serra dos Parecis to the Rio Teles Pires.

Distribution. Historically ranged through the Atlantic Forest in the states of Bahia, Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro, excluding only lowland forests in the extreme S of Bahia and N Espirito Santo, the N limit of the distribution was probably the Rio Jequirica or the right bank of the Rio Paraguacu, and the S limit is still poorly defined but is probably the Serra da Mantiqueira in S Minas Gerais, near the state boundaries with Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo where it meets the distribution of the Southern Muriqui (B. arachnoides). in Atelidae

Distribution. Historically ranged through the Atlantic Forest in the states of Bahia, Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro, excluding only lowland forests in the extreme S of Bahia and N Espirito Santo, the N limit of the distribution was probably the Rio Jequirica or the right bank of the Rio Paraguacu, and the S limit is still poorly defined but is probably the Serra da Mantiqueira in S Minas Gerais, near the state boundaries with Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo where it meets the distribution of the Southern Muriqui (B. arachnoides).

Distribution. Endemic to the Brazilian Amazon (states of Mato Grosso and Para), S of the lower Rio Amazonas between the rios Tapajos and Teles Pires (right banks) in the W and the Rio Xingu (left bank) in the E; the upper Rio Teles Pires and the Serra do Cachimbo mark the S limits to its distribution. in Atelidae

Distribution. Endemic to the Brazilian Amazon (states of Mato Grosso and Para), S of the lower Rio Amazonas between the rios Tapajos and Teles Pires (right banks) in the W and the Rio Xingu (left bank) in the E; the upper Rio Teles Pires and the Serra do Cachimbo mark the S limits to its distribution.

Distribution. SE Mexico (Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatan, Quintana Roo, and S Chiapas, states), Belize, and N & C Guatemala; the S limits of its distribution are defined by Lago de Izabel, El Golfete, and Rio Dulce in Guatemala. in Atelidae

Distribution. SE Mexico (Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatan, Quintana Roo, and S Chiapas, states), Belize, and N & C Guatemala; the S limits of its distribution are defined by Lago de Izabel, El Golfete, and Rio Dulce in Guatemala.

Distribution. Not well known, but includes S Venezuela (upper Orinoco Basin, limited by the Llanos/forest interface to the W and by the left bank of the Rio Caura in the E), NW Brazil (N of the Rio Solimoes as far as the mouth of the Rio Japura, E to the Rio Negro, throughout the region N of the Rio Negro and W of the Rio Branco in Amazonas and Roraimastates), E Colombia (in the piedmont of the Cordillera Oriental as far N as the Rio Upia drainage in Boyaca Department, including the region of Sierra de la Macarena, E Meta Department, and S to the Coehmani rapids of the Rio Caqueta in the SE of Caqueta Department; it is rare W of the Rio Yari and has been seen on the upper Rio Mesay, opposite the mouth of the Rio Pira-Parana on the right bank of the Rio Apaporis, and the lower right bank of the Apaporis), E Ecuador and NE Peru (restricted to the S of the Rio Napo, extending into N Peru between the rios Putumayo and Amazonas, along the left bank of the Rio Ucayali, and including the basins of the rios Napo, Tigre, Maranén, Pastaza, Pacaya, and Samiria, S as far as the Rio Cushabatay, a tributary of the Rio Ucayali). in Atelidae

Distribution. Not well known, but includes S Venezuela (upper Orinoco Basin, limited by the Llanos/forest interface to the W and by the left bank of the Rio Caura in the E), NW Brazil (N of the Rio Solimoes as far as the mouth of the Rio Japura, E to the Rio Negro, throughout the region N of the Rio Negro and W of the Rio Branco in Amazonas and Roraimastates), E Colombia (in the piedmont of the Cordillera Oriental as far N as the Rio Upia drainage in Boyaca Department, including the region of Sierra de la Macarena, E Meta Department, and S to the Coehmani rapids of the Rio Caqueta in the SE of Caqueta Department; it is rare W of the Rio Yari and has been seen on the upper Rio Mesay, opposite the mouth of the Rio Pira-Parana on the right bank of the Rio Apaporis, and the lower right bank of the Apaporis), E Ecuador and NE Peru (restricted to the S of the Rio Napo, extending into N Peru between the rios Putumayo and Amazonas, along the left bank of the Rio Ucayali, and including the basins of the rios Napo, Tigre, Maranén, Pastaza, Pacaya, and Samiria, S as far as the Rio Cushabatay, a tributary of the Rio Ucayali).

Distribution. Brazilian Amazon, S of the Rio Amazonas between the Rio Maués and probably its tributary the Rio Parauari in the W, and the Rio Tapajos in the E; the S limit is not known but may be in the region of the Rio Parauari. in Callitrichiade

Distribution. Brazilian Amazon, S of the Rio Amazonas between the Rio Maués and probably its tributary the Rio Parauari in the W, and the Rio Tapajos in the E; the S limit is not known but may be in the region of the Rio Parauari.

Distribution. Brazilian Amazon and SE Colombia, between the upper Rio Negro and Rio Japura, W from opposite the Rio Padauari (64° W), N of the Rio Caqueta, E as far as the lower Rio Yari and the right bank of the Rio Mesay; it extends N through the Apaporis and Vaupés basins, possibly to the upper Rio Guaviare; N and W limits in Colombia are not known; not recorded in Venezuela. in Callitrichiade

Distribution. Brazilian Amazon and SE Colombia, between the upper Rio Negro and Rio Japura, W from opposite the Rio Padauari (64° W), N of the Rio Caqueta, E as far as the lower Rio Yari and the right bank of the Rio Mesay; it extends N through the Apaporis and Vaupés basins, possibly to the upper Rio Guaviare; N and W limits in Colombia are not known; not recorded in Venezuela.

Distribution. Brazilian Amazon between rios Roosevelt and Aripuana, the S limits are not known, but probably around the headwaters of the Aripuana and Roosevelt. in Callitrichiade

Distribution. Brazilian Amazon between rios Roosevelt and Aripuana, the S limits are not known, but probably around the headwaters of the Aripuana and Roosevelt.

Distribution. Brazilian Amazon, W bank of the lower Rio Aripuana from the mouth, W as far as the Rio Manicoré, S toward its headwaters, S limits are probably the headwaters of the rios Mataura or Araud, c.7° S. in Callitrichiade

Distribution. Brazilian Amazon, W bank of the lower Rio Aripuana from the mouth, W as far as the Rio Manicoré, S toward its headwaters, S limits are probably the headwaters of the rios Mataura or Araud, c.7° S.

Subspecies and Distribution. S. m. mystax Spix, 1823 — S of the Amazon River in WBrazil (W of the Rio Jurua) and NE Peru, as far W as the E banks of the middle and lower Rio Tapiche and the lower Rio Ucayali, further S it extends W as far as the Rio Ucayali, crossing the Rio Tapiche at c.6° 40' S, the S limit is marked by the rios Urubamba and Inuya. S. m. pileatus 1. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire & Deville, 1848 — Brazilian Amazon, W of the Rio Purus, S at least as far as the Rio Pauini or Rio Mamornia. S. m. pluto Lonnberg, 1926 — Brazilian Amazon, from the W (left) bank of the Rio Purus, N of the Rio Tapaua, as far W as the Rio Coart. in Callitrichiade

Subspecies and Distribution. S. m. mystax Spix, 1823 — S of the Amazon River in WBrazil (W of the Rio Jurua) and NE Peru, as far W as the E banks of the middle and lower Rio Tapiche and the lower Rio Ucayali, further S it extends W as far as the Rio Ucayali, crossing the Rio Tapiche at c.6° 40' S, the S limit is marked by the rios Urubamba and Inuya. S. m. pileatus 1. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire & Deville, 1848 — Brazilian Amazon, W of the Rio Purus, S at least as far as the Rio Pauini or Rio Mamornia. S. m. pluto Lonnberg, 1926 — Brazilian Amazon, from the W (left) bank of the Rio Purus, N of the Rio Tapaua, as far W as the Rio Coart.

Distribution. NE Amazon in Brazil and the Guianas, in Guyana restricted to the right bank of the Essequibo River, and S and E of the Rupununi River, the Rio Negro and its tributary the Rio Branco are the W limit ofits distribution in Brazil; not recorded in Venezuela. in Callitrichiade

Distribution. NE Amazon in Brazil and the Guianas, in Guyana restricted to the right bank of the Essequibo River, and S and E of the Rupununi River, the Rio Negro and its tributary the Rio Branco are the W limit ofits distribution in Brazil; not recorded in Venezuela.