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127 results for “Early Permian”
Anatomy of the neural endocranium and stapes of Diadectes absitus (Diadectomorpha) from the early Permian of Germany based on the high‐resolution X‐ray microcomputed tomography
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Data from: Faunal overview of the Mud Hill locality from the early Permian Vale Formation of Taylor County, Texas
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Data from: Decoding the drivers of deep-time wetland biodiversity: insights from an early Permian tropical lake ecosystem
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Size variations in foraminifers from the Early Permian to the Late Triassic: implications for the Guadalupian-Lopingian and the Permian-Triassic mass extinctions
<p>The final 10 Myr of the Paleozoic saw two of the biggest biologic crises in Earth history: the Middle Permian extinction (often termed the Guadalupian-Lopingian extinction, GLE) that was followed 7–8 Myr later by Earth's most catastrophic loss of diversity, the Permian-Triassic mass extinction (PTME). These crises are not only manifest as sharp decreases in biodiversity and - particularly for the PTME - total ecosystem collapse, but they also drove major changes in biological morphological characteristics such as the Lilliput effect. The evolution of test size among different clades of foraminifera during these two extinction events has been less studied. We analyzed a global database of foraminiferal test size (volume) including 20226 specimens in 464 genera, 98 families, and 9 suborders from 632 publications. Our analyses reveal significant reductions in foraminiferal mean test size across the Guadalupian-Lopingian boundary (GLB) and the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB), from 8.89 to 7.60 log10 μm3 (lg μm3), and from 7.25 to 5.82 lg μm3, respectively. The decline in test size across the GLB is a function of preferential extinction of genera exhibiting gigantism such as fusulinoidean fusulinids. Other clades show little change in size across the GLB. In contrast, all Lopingian suborders in our analysis (Fusulinina, Lagenina, Miliolina, and Textulariina) experienced a significant decrease in test size across the PTB mainly due to size-biased extinction and within-lineage change. The PTME was clearly a major catastrophe that affected many groups simultaneously, and the GLE was more selective, perhaps hinting at a subtler, less extreme driver than the later PTME.</p>
Data from: Reinvestigation of Protelytron permianum (Insecta; Early Permian; USA) as an example for applying reflectance transformation imaging to insect imprint fossils
We reinvestigated the holotype of Protelytron permianum, one of the earliest putative stem-dermapteran (i.e. stem-earwig). We recurred to reflectance transformation imaging (RTI) to deliver exhaustive and interactive photographic data. We were able to ascertain the occurrence of broadenings located along veins of the hind wing vannus and forming an arc, as well as a series of radiating folds, alternatively concave and convex. Such an organization is diagnostic of Dermaptera, in which it is indicative of hind wing folding mechanisms, particularly elaborated in these insects. We provide a foldable, paper model of the hind wing. Based on the case presented herein we anticipate that RTI process will be a major upheaval in the documentation of fossil insects preserved as imprints.
Data from: Early and Middle Triassic trends in diversity, evenness, and size of foraminifers on a carbonate platform in south China: Implications for tempo and mode of biotic recovery from the end-Permian mass extinction
Delayed biotic recovery from the end-Permian mass extinction has long been interpreted to result from environmental inhibition. Recently, evidence of more rapid recovery has begun to emerge, suggesting the role of environmental inhibition was previously overestimated. However, there have been few high-resolution taxonomic and ecological studies spanning the full Early and Middle Triassic recovery interval, leaving the precise pattern of recovery and underlying mechanisms poorly constrained. In this study, we document Early and Middle Triassic trends in taxonomic diversity, assemblage evenness, and size distribution of benthic foraminifers on an exceptionally-exposed carbonate platform in south China. We observe gradual increases in all metrics through Early Triassic and earliest Middle Triassic time, with stable values reached early in the Anisian. There is little support in our dataset for a substantial Early Triassic lag interval during the recovery of foraminifers or for a step-wise recovery pattern. The recovery pattern of foraminifers on the GBG corresponds well with available global data for this taxon and appears to parallel that of many benthic invertebrate clades. Early Triassic diversity increase in foraminifers was more gradual than in ammonoinds and conodonts. However, foraminifers continued to increase in diversity, size, and evenness into Middle Triassic time, whereas diversity of ammonoids and conodonts declined. These contrasts suggest decoupling of recovery between benthic and pelagic environments; it is unclear whether these discrepancies reflect inherent contrasts in their evolutionary dynamics or the differential impact of Early Triassic ocean anoxia or associated environmental parameters on benthic ecosystems.
FIGURE. Taphonomic process corresponding to the abundance of different kinds of plant remains in the three layers of "vegetational Pompeii" tuff bed. Single, double and triple repeated icons in different layers indicate rare, moderate and frequent occurrence respectively. Note that the thickness of the tuff bed is scaled but that of the two coal beds is neglected. in Discovery of coprolites in an Early Permian fern mesophyll
FIGURE. Taphonomic process corresponding to the abundance of different kinds of plant remains in the three layers of "vegetational Pompeii" tuff bed. Single, double and triple repeated icons in different layers indicate rare, moderate and frequent occurrence respectively. Note that the thickness of the tuff bed is scaled but that of the two coal beds is neglected.
FIGURE. Coprolites preserved in an early Permian fern mesophyll. A, Gross morphology of a fragmentary fern frond, specimen PB23532. B, Basal part of a penultimate pinna showing sphenopteroid vegetative pinnules. C, Polished surface showing two sporangia with typical annulus structures (white arrowheads). D, SEM image showing an in situ trilete spore. E, The fertile pinnule which contains numerous coprolites along a transverse wound area. F, Enlargement showing coprolites filled with brown to black contents. G, SEM image of the same part in E. H, SEM image showing locally preserved epidermal cells and nearby coprolites. in Discovery of coprolites in an Early Permian fern mesophyll
FIGURE. Coprolites preserved in an early Permian fern mesophyll. A, Gross morphology of a fragmentary fern frond, specimen PB23532. B, Basal part of a penultimate pinna showing sphenopteroid vegetative pinnules. C, Polished surface showing two sporangia with typical annulus structures (white arrowheads). D, SEM image showing an in situ trilete spore. E, The fertile pinnule which contains numerous coprolites along a transverse wound area. F, Enlargement showing coprolites filled with brown to black contents. G, SEM image of the same part in E. H, SEM image showing locally preserved epidermal cells and nearby coprolites.
PLATE 1 in A new brachymetopid trilobite from the Early Permian Shakhtau reef complex of the southwestern Urals, Bashkortostan, Russia
PLATE 1. Brachymetopus (Conimetopus) alekseevi Mychko, sp. nov., Upper Asselian or Lower Sakmarian, Shakhtau quarry, Sterlitamak town, Ishimbay District, Bashkortostan, Russia. 1a—holotype, spec. PIN RAS, no. 5610/2, external mold; 1b, clatex cast from holotype, dorsal and lateral views. 2a, b—paratype, spec. PIN RAS, no. 5610/6, pygidium, dorsal and posterior views. 3—paratype, spec. PIN RAS, no. 5610/4, pygidium, dorsal view. 4—paratype, spec. PIN RAS, no. 5610/3, pygidium, dorsal view. 5a, b—paratype, spec. PIN RAS, no. 5610/5, pygidium, dorsal and posterior views. 6—paratype, spec. PIN RAS, no. 5610/7, pygidium, external mold. The scale bar is 5 mm.
FIGURE 3 in A new brachymetopid trilobite from the Early Permian Shakhtau reef complex of the southwestern Urals, Bashkortostan, Russia
FIGURE 3. Reconstruction of the carapace of Brachymetopus (Conimetopus) alekseevi Mychko, sp. nov. a—cephalon. bpygidium.
FIGURE 2. Locality map. A in A new brachymetopid trilobite from the Early Permian Shakhtau reef complex of the southwestern Urals, Bashkortostan, Russia
FIGURE 2. Locality map. A—the European part of Russia with administrative division; B—the Republic of Bashkortostan and adjacent regions; C—the area around the Shakhtau locality.
FIGURE 3 in A new fossil species of Callipteris (Callipteridae) in the Early Permian from the Xishan Area in Beijing, North China
FIGURE 3. Map showing the Permian distribution of the fossil callipterids recorded in northern China. (Revised from GS (2016) No. 1569, supervised by the Ministry of Natural Resources of China. Scale 1:32000000.)
Grylloblattidan insects from Sperbersbach and Cabarz (Germany), two new early Permian and insect-rich localities
<p>New fossil insect specimens from two new localities in Germany, namely Sperbersbach and Cabarz (Goldlauter Formation; early Permian), belonging to the Grylloblattida, are described. Abundant material is assigned to Pictoborella clara n. gen. n. sp., regarded as closely related to Pictoborella germanica (Prokop et al., 2012) n. comb., from the Saar-Nahe Basin (Germany; early Permian). Liomopterum fuscatum n. sp., represented by fewer specimens, is delimited based on previously published and new data on various Liomopterum spp. Two other Liomopteridae, Uralioma thuringiensis n. sp. and Liomopterites sperbersbachensis n. sp., each known from a single forewing, are also described. Finally, Cabarzopterum magnificus n. gen. n. sp., with unclear familial affinities, is described based on three forewings. The assemblages of grylloblattidan insects at Sperbersbach and Cabarz are generally similar, with differences probably related to different depositional environments and local paleoclimatic conditions.</p>
FIGURE 1 in Comparison of the recently described early Permian paoliid genus Permomertovia with the 'eoblattid' genera of the families Permulidae and Permotermopsidae
FIGURE 1. Permula lebachensis (Schlechtendal, 1913), specimen PE2021/5003. A, Part. B, Counterpart, arrows: weak arculus. Scale bars = 10 mm.
Grylloblattidan insects from Sperbersbach and Cabarz (Germany), two new early Permian and insect-rich localities
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Data from: A new taxon of cynodont from the Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone (upper Permian) of South Africa, and the early evolution of Cynodontia
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Data from: Early and Middle Triassic trends in diversity, evenness, and size of foraminifers on a carbonate platform in south China: Implications for tempo and mode of biotic recovery from the end-Permian mass extinction
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Data from: Reinvestigation of Protelytron permianum (Insecta; Early Permian; USA) as an example for applying reflectance transformation imaging to insect imprint fossils
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Size variations in foraminifers from the Early Permian to the Late Triassic: implications for the Guadalupian-Lopingian and the Permian-Triassic mass extinctions
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Data from: The recumbirostran <em>Hapsidopareion lepton</em> from the Early Permian of Oklahoma reassessed through HRμCT and the effects of fossoriality on the neurocranium of Pan-Amniota
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.