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Fig. 2 in First known gigantic sea turtle from the Maastrichtian deposits in Egypt

Fig. 2. Stratigraphic section of Qaret Selmi, north Abu Miqar village, showing the Maastrichtian–Paleocene successions of Dakhla Formation.

FIGURE 6 in Bioerosion traces on the Campanian turtle remains: New data from the lagoonal deposits of the Quseir Formation, Kharga Oasis, Egypt

FIGURE 6. Palaeoecology and post-mortem stages of the three turtle-bearing horizons in the Qarn Ganah area, Kharga Oasis, Egypt. (A) A sketch showing the proposed life of side-necked turtle (Bothremydidae) living in small isolated ponds during the Campanian time. (B‒D) A proposed model for the formation of the three horizons of turtle concentrations.

FIGURE 5. A in Bioerosion traces on the Campanian turtle remains: New data from the lagoonal deposits of the Quseir Formation, Kharga Oasis, Egypt

FIGURE 5. A sketch showing bioerosion traces colonising the turtle bones from the Campanian of the Hindaw Member (the Quseir Formation) in the Qarn Ganah area, Kharga Oasis, Egypt (1. Nihilichnus nihilicus, 2. Karethraichnus lakkos, 3. Cubiculum ornatus, 4. Cubiculum inornatus, 5. Osteocallis mandibulus, 6. Radulichnus inopinatus, 7. Osteichnus ossiobontum, 8. Osedacoides jurassicus, 9. Sulculites bellus, and 10. Machichnus?bohemicus).

FIGURE 2 in Bioerosion traces on the Campanian turtle remains: New data from the lagoonal deposits of the Quseir Formation, Kharga Oasis, Egypt

FIGURE 2. Lithological section of the Campanian Hindaw Member (the Quseir Formation) in the study area (modified after Abu El-Kheir, 2020). Arrows mark occurrences of the three turtle-bearing horizons (I‒III) studied.

FIGURE 1 in Bioerosion traces on the Campanian turtle remains: New data from the lagoonal deposits of the Quseir Formation, Kharga Oasis, Egypt

FIGURE 1. Simplified geological map of the study area with indication of the vertebrate distribution east of the Ganah village (modified after Abu El-Kheir, 2020; AbdelGawad et al., 2023).

FIGURE 3 in Bioerosion traces on the Campanian turtle remains: New data from the lagoonal deposits of the Quseir Formation, Kharga Oasis, Egypt

FIGURE 3. (A) Nihilichnus nihilicus, circular, subcircular to ellipsoidal non-penetrating holes (arrows) on the carapace peripheral. (B, C) Karethraichnus lakkos. (B) Cluster of bowl-shaped pits (arrows) of on the carapace peripheral. (C) Small rounded holes (arrows) of which are not completely penetrating the plastron fragments. (D) External surface of carapace peripheral containing three ichnospecies Cubiculum ornatus, C. inornatus and Osteocallis mandibulus (E, F, and H, respectively). (E) Cubiculum ornatus (arrows), showing the characteristic features of the ichnospecies with well pronounced bioglyphs. (F) Cubiculum inornatus (arrow), showing details of the morphological features the ichnospecies. (G) Cubiculum isp., showing borings arranged in groups of mostly parallel to each other and infilled with sediments. (H) Osteocallis mandibulus (ellipse), showing, randomly oriented surface borings with distinct arcuate (commonly paired) scratches in turtle skeleton. Scale bars equal 0.5 cm, except for B, D and G, which are 1.0 cm, and for C, which is 0.4 cm.

FIGURE 4 in Bioerosion traces on the Campanian turtle remains: New data from the lagoonal deposits of the Quseir Formation, Kharga Oasis, Egypt

FIGURE 4. (A, B) Osteocallis mandibulus. (A) Small randomly oriented surface borings. (B) Close up view of A, showing small randomly oriented surface borings. (C, D) Radulichnus inopinatus, parallel to sub-parallel arcuate bundles closely spaced in groups. (E) Osteichnus ossiobontum, parallel borings with fused U-notches, inclined to the bone surface. (F) Osedacoides jurassicus, small simple borings in bone (yellow arrows) penetrating into the turtle bone. Note the occurrence of some Cubiculum isp. traces (red arrows). (G) Sulculites bellus, smooth, slender narrow, nonbranched straight to curved grooves. (H) Machichnus?bohemicus, shallow serial parallel or subparallel grooves (arrows) in carapace peripheral. Scale bars equal 1.0 cm, except for B, D, and E, which are 0.5 cm.

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FIGURE 1 in Eocene planktonic foraminifera from the north Eastern Desert, Egypt: Biostratigraphic, paleoenvironmental and sequence stratigraphy implications

FIGURE 1. Location and geological maps of the studied sections (Modified after Saber and Salama 2017).

Fig. 13 - A in The Unnamed Plateau (Western Desert of Egypt). New geological and geoarchaeological data from an exploration in a remote area

Fig. 13 - A) Bottom of the basin; in the background, the damming dunes. / Fondo del bacino formatosi alla base delle dune; le dune di sbarramento sullo sfondo. B) Cemented sands cropping out at the bottom of the basin. / Sabbie cementate sul fondo del bacino. C) Bleached sand. / Sabbia sbiancata. D) Thin rhizocretions. / Sottili rizoconcrezioni. E) A fine-grained conglomerate grinding slab. / Macina in conglomerato fine. F) Quartz artifacts. / Manufatti in quarzo. G-I) Blade industry on quartzite and a core. / Industria laminare su arenaria silicizzata e nucleo.

Fig. 8 - A in The Unnamed Plateau (Western Desert of Egypt). New geological and geoarchaeological data from an exploration in a remote area

Fig. 8 - A) The well-defined mountain pass. / Passo di montagna ben evidente. B) View of the western valley (Area 5) from the pass. The downhill path is visible on the left. / Vista sulla vallata occidentale (Area 5) dal passo. Il sentiero di discesa è visibile sulla sinistra.

Fig. 12 - A in The Unnamed Plateau (Western Desert of Egypt). New geological and geoarchaeological data from an exploration in a remote area

Fig. 12 - A) Some artifacts found at our camp. / Alcuni manufatti rinvenuti presso il nostro campo. B) Quartz vein in the red granite. / Vena di quarzo nel granito rosso.

Fig. 14 - A in The Unnamed Plateau (Western Desert of Egypt). New geological and geoarchaeological data from an exploration in a remote area

Fig. 14 - A) Rock panel with three engraved giraffes, plus an undefined quadruped, perhaps another giraffe. / Pannello su roccia raffigurante tre giraffe martellinate, più altro quadrupede indecifrabile, forse una quarta giraffa. B) Imprint of fossil macroflora, possibly Cordaites sp. (30-35 cm). / Impronta di macroflora fossile, probabilmente Cordaites sp. C) Contact between two alternating metamorphic rocks pertaining to the Anatexite Formation. / Contatto tra due unità metamorfiche che si alternano nell'ambito della Anatexite Formation. D) Stone line crossing the riverbed of a tributary of the western valley. /Allineamento di pietre che attraversa l'alveo di un affluente della vallata occidentale. E) Thick playa deposits incised by a tributary; the author for scale. / Spessi depositi di playa erosi da un affluente; l'autrice come scala.

Fig. 4 - A in The Unnamed Plateau (Western Desert of Egypt). New geological and geoarchaeological data from an exploration in a remote area

Fig. 4 - A) Groups of acacias survive in sandy hollows of Wadi Handal riverbed. / Boschetti di acacia sopravvivono nelle conche sabbiose di Wadi Handal. B) Blooming flowers: Tricodesma africanum (left); Zilla spinosa (center); Eremobium aegyptiacum (right). / Fioriture: Tricodesma africanum (sinistra); Zilla spinosa (centro); Eremobium aegyptiacum (destra). C) Clusters of dried colocynth gourds inside Wadi Handal. / Ammassi di zucche secche di coloquinta lungo Wadi Handal.

Fig. 9 - A in The Unnamed Plateau (Western Desert of Egypt). New geological and geoarchaeological data from an exploration in a remote area

Fig. 9 - A) Tracks of Clayton's vehicle. / Impronte lasciate dall'auto di Clayton. B) Crescent-like white stone inside a stone circle./ Pietra bianca in forma di crescente lunare al centro di un cerchio di pietre.

Fig. 1 in The Unnamed Plateau (Western Desert of Egypt). New geological and geoarchaeological data from an exploration in a remote area

Fig. 1 - Map of Egypt. The Unnamed Plateau is located at the southwestern corner (Google Earth™, modified). / Mappa satellitare dell'Egitto. L'Unnamed Plateau si trova all'estremità sud-occidentale.

Fig. 10 in The Unnamed Plateau (Western Desert of Egypt). New geological and geoarchaeological data from an exploration in a remote area

Fig. 10 - Fitted stone in an array of smaller stones. / Pietra fitta circondata da pietre più piccole.

Fig. 3 in The Unnamed Plateau (Western Desert of Egypt). New geological and geoarchaeological data from an exploration in a remote area

Fig. 3 - Hydrographic network around the Unnamed Plateau as reconstructed for the Plio-Pleistocene (modified from Gonheim, 2012). The two water courses originate from the two sides of the "Through valley". / Ricostruzione del reticolo idrografico attorno ad Unnamed Plateau per il periodo Plio-Pleistocenico (modificato da Gonheim, 2012). I due corsi d'acqua hanno origine dai due versanti della "valle di Through".

Fig. 6 - A in The Unnamed Plateau (Western Desert of Egypt). New geological and geoarchaeological data from an exploration in a remote area

Fig. 6 - A) Landscape of Area 1 looking south. / Vista dell'Area 1 verso sud. B) Example of stone circle with the opening to the south. / Uno dei cerchi di pietre con aperture verso sud. C) Tethering stones. / Pietre da cattura. D) The rock panel with two engraved cows. / Pannello su parete di roccia con figure di vacche incise. E) Narrow passage on top of the plateau, between the two branches of Wadi Handal. This is the area with most stone circles documented so far on the plateau. / Stretto passaggio che separa le due testate delle vallette laterali di Wadi Handal. In quest'area è stato documentato il maggior numero di cerchi di pietre sull'altopiano.

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Fig. 5 in Suidae and Sanitheriidae from Wadi Moghra, early Miocene, Egypt

Fig. 5. Kubanochoerin suids from early Miocene of Wadi Moghra, Egypt. A–C. Nguruwe kijivium (Wilkinson, 1976). A. Right mandible with m2–3 (DPC 4385) in lingual (A1), occlusal (A2), and buccal (A3) views. B. Right m/3 (DPC 14564) in occlusal view. C. Left m3 (WM Dec 06−10) in occlusal view. D. Libycochoerus massai Arambourg, 1961 partial, right M3 (WM Dec 09) in occlusal view.