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Fig. 6 in A new species of the genus Arachnothelphusa Ng, 1991 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Gecarcinucidae) from a limestone cave in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo)

Fig. 6. Live colours of Arachnothelphusa rhadamanthysi from Gomantong limestone cave in Sabah, specimen not collected. A, male, from outside of the cave; B, inside of cave. Photographs: Keith Christenson.

Fig. 3 in A new species of the genus Arachnothelphusa Ng, 1991 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Gecarcinucidae) from a limestone cave in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo)

Fig. 3. Arachnothelphusa sarang, new species, holotype male (20.4 × 14.7 mm) (ZRC 2020.0098), limestone cave, Bukit Sarang, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. A, dorsal view of left G1; B, dorsal view of distal part of left G1; C, ventral view of left G1; D, ventral view of distal part of left G1; E, dorsal view of left G2. Scales = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 1. Arachnothelphusa sarang, new species. A in A new species of the genus Arachnothelphusa Ng, 1991 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Gecarcinucidae) from a limestone cave in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo)

Fig. 1. Arachnothelphusa sarang, new species. A, male (12.1 × 9.9 mm) (ZRC 2020.0351), Batu Rusa cave, Bukit Sarang, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia; B, female (12.9 × 10.4 mm) (ZRC 2020.0351), Batu Kelelut, Bukit Sarang, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia, specimen; C–E, paratype male (18.7 × 15.3 mm) (ZRC 2020.0099), Bukit Sarang, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia; F, paratype female (15.8 × 11.8 mm) (ZRC 2020.0099), Bukit Sarang, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. A, B, photographed in situ; C, F, overall dorsal habitus; D, ventral view of cephalothorax; E, frontal view of cephalothorax and chelae. Photographs: Tan Heok Hui.

Fig. 5 in A new species of the genus Arachnothelphusa Ng, 1991 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Gecarcinucidae) from a limestone cave in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo)

Fig. 5. Gonopod morphology of Arachnothelphusa species. A–E, A. merarapensis Grinang, Pui & Ng, 2015, holotype, male (22.5 × 16.8 mm) (ZRC 2016.0297), Merarap Hot Spring, Lawas, Sarawak; F–J, A. terrapes Ng, 1991, holotype, male (17.6 × 13.3 mm) (ZRC 1992.7918), Danum Valley, Lahad Datu, Sabah; K–N, A. kadamaiana (Borradaile, 1900), male (20.1 × 14.9 mm) (SMF 4282), Kadamian River, Sabah; O–S, A. melanippe (De Man, 1899), lectotype, male (18.9 × 14.4 mm) (RMNH D1303a), Mt. Liang Koebeng, Kalimantan, Borneo. C, F, K, O, ventral view of left G1; D, G, L, P, ventral view of distal part of left G1; A, H, Q, dorsal view of left G1; B, I, M, R, ventral view of distal part of left G1; E, J, N, S, left G2. A–E, K–N after Grinang et al. (2015); F–J, O–S after Ng (1991).

Fig. 4 in A new species of the genus Arachnothelphusa Ng, 1991 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Gecarcinucidae) from a limestone cave in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo)

Fig. 4. Carapace morphology of Arachnothelphusa species. A, A. sarang, new species, holotype male (20.4 × 14.7 mm) (ZRC 2020.0098), limestone cave, Bukit Sarang, Bintulu, Sarawak; B, A. merarapensis Grinang, Pui & Ng, 2015, holotype male (22.5 × 16.8 mm) (ZRC 2016.0297), Merarap Hot Spring, Lawas, Sarawak; C, A. terrapes Ng, 1991, male (30.8 × 20.5 mm) (ZRC 2017.1205), Danum Valley, Lahad Datu, Sabah; D, A. kadamaiana (Borradaile, 1900), male (20.1 × 14.9 mm) (SMF 4282), Kadamian River, Sabah; E, A. melanippe (De Man, 1899), paratype female (21.4 × 16.7 mm) (RMNH D1303b), Mt. Liang Koebeng, Kalimantan, Indonesia. E after Ng (1991).

Fig. 2. Arachnothelphusa sarang, new species. A–E in A new species of the genus Arachnothelphusa Ng, 1991 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Gecarcinucidae) from a limestone cave in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo)

Fig. 2. Arachnothelphusa sarang, new species. A–E, holotype male (20.4 × 14.7 mm) (ZRC 2020.0098), Bukit Sarang, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia; F, G, paratype female (19.8 × 15.8 mm) (ZRC 2020.0100), Bukit Sarang, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. A, F, dorsal view of habitus; B, G, ventral view of carapace showing pleon; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, outer view of left chela; E, outer view of right fourth ambulatory leg. Scales: A, B, C, F, G = 10 mm; D, E = 5 mm.

Fig. 15 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 15. Live colours of Lepidothelphusa padawan, new species, paratypes (ZRC 2015.0609), showing variation. A, male (ca. 11.0 mm carapace width); B, male (ca. 11.0 mm carapace width); C, male (ca. 12.0 mm carapace width); D, male (ca. 12.0 mm carapace width); E, male (ca. 12.0 mm carapace width); F, female (ca. 9.0 mm carapace width). Kampung Sentah, Padawan, Sarawak

Fig. 14 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 14. Live colours of three Lepidothelphusa species from Kuching Division, southwestern Sarawak. A, B, Lepidothelphusa loi, holotype male (10.3 × 9.6 mm) (ZRC 2015.0607), Gunung Ampungan, Sadong River Basin, Serian, Sarawak; C, D, Lepidothelphusa padawan, new species, paratype male (15.8 × 13.2 mm) (SBC.C.00440–4), Bung Brungu, Padawan, Sarawak; E, F, Lepidothelphusa sangon, new species, paratype male (8.0 × 7.0 mm) (SBC.C.00476), Nawang Waterfall, Bung Bratak, Bau, Sarawak.

Fig. 5 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 5. Lepidothelphusa limau, new species, holotype male (12.1 × 10.8 mm) (ZRC 2015.0605), Kampung Peros, Krokong, Bau, Sarawak. A, overall dorsal view of habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, ventral view showing anterior thoracic sternum and male abdomen; D, frontal view of carapace; E, outer view of right fourth ambulatory leg; F, left third maxilliped showing exopod; G, left cheliped showing serrated inner margin of merus; H, outer view of left chela; I, outer view of right chela.

Fig. 11 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 11. Lepidothelphusa sangon, new species, holotype male (8.4 × 7.6 mm) (ZRC 2015.0611), Nawang Waterfall, Bung Bratak, Bau, Sarawak. A, overall dorsal view of habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, ventral view showing anterior thoracic sternum and male abdomen; D, frontal view of carapace; E, outer view of right fourth ambulatory leg; F, left third maxilliped showing exopod; G, left cheliped showing serrated inner margin of merus; H, outer view of left chela; I, outer view of right chela.

Fig. 12 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 12. Lepidothelphusa sangon, new species, holotype male (8.4 × 7.6 mm) (ZRC 2015.0611), Nawang Waterfall, Bung Bratak, Bau, Sarawak. A, dorsal view of left G1; B, dorsal view of distal part of left G1; C, dorsal view of left G2; D, ventral view of left G1; E, ventral view of distal part of left G1. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 4 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 4. Lepidothelphusa flavochela, new species, holotype male (8.1 × 7.2 mm) (ZRC 2015.0604), Pagar Besi, Kampung Gumbang, Bau, Sarawak. A, dorsal view of left G1; B, dorsal view of distal part of left G1; C, dorsal view of right G2; D, ventral view of left G1; E, ventral view of distal part of left G1. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 8 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 8. Lepidothelphusa loi, new species, holotype male (10.3 × 9.6 mm) (ZRC 2015.0607), Gunung Ampungan, Sadong River Basin, Serian, Sarawak. A, dorsal view of left G1; B, dorsal view of distal part of left G1; C, dorsal view of right G2; D, ventral view of left G1; E, ventral view of distal part of left G1. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 10 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 10. Lepidothelphusa padawan, new species, holotype male (13.6 × 12.5 mm) (ZRC 2015.0608), Kampung Sentah, Padawan, Sarawak. A, dorsal view of left G1; B, dorsal view of distal part of left G1; C, dorsal view of left G2; D, ventral view of left G1; E, ventral view of distal part of left G1. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 9 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 9. Lepidothelphusa padawan, new species, holotype male (13.6 × 12.5 mm) (ZRC 2015.0608), Kampung Sentah, Padawan, Sarawak. A, overall dorsal view of habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, ventral view showing anterior thoracic sternum and male abdomen; D, frontal view of carapace; E, outer view of right fourth ambulatory leg; F, left third maxilliped showing exopod; G, left cheliped showing serrated inner margin of merus; H, outer view of left chela; I, outer view of right chela.

Fig. 3 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 3. Lepidothelphusa flavochela, new species, holotype male (8.1 × 7.2 mm) (ZRC 2015.0604), Pagar Besi, Kampung Gumbang, Bau, Sarawak. A, overall dorsal view of habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, ventral view showing anterior thoracic sternum and male abdomen; D, frontal view of carapace; E, outer view of right fourth ambulatory leg; F, left third maxilliped showing exopod; G, outer view of right chela; H, outer view of left chela; I, left cheliped showing serrated inner margin of merus.

Fig. 13 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 13. Live colours of three Lepidothelphusa species from Kuching Division, southwestern Sarawak. A, B, Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903), male (12.0 × 10.2 mm) (SBC.C.00382–90), Batu Panggah Trail, Gunung Penrissen, Sarawak; C, D, Lepidothelphusa flavochela, new species, paratype male (8.5 × 7.5 mm) (SBC.C.00392–401), Pagar Besi, Kampung Gumbang, Bau, Sarawak; E, F, Lepidothelphusa limau, new species, paratype male (10.5 × 9.7 mm) (SBC.C.00402–05), Kampung Peros, Bau, Sarawak.

Fig. 2 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 2. Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903), male (12.2 × 10.2 mm) (ZRC 2015.0601), Batu Panggah Trail, Gunung Penrissen, Kuching, Sarawak. A, dorsal view of left G1; B, dorsal view of distal part of left G1; C, dorsal view of left G2 (distal segment damaged at proximal half); D, ventral view of left G1; E, ventral view of distal part of left G1. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 1 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 1. Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903), male (12.2 × 10.2 mm) (ZRC 2015.0601), Batu Panggah Trail, Gunung Penrissen, Kuching, Sarawak. A, overall dorsal view of habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, ventral view showing anterior thoracic sternum and male abdomen; D, frontal view of carapace; E, outer view of right fourth ambulatory leg; F, left third maxilliped showing exopod; G, left cheliped showing serrated inner margin of merus; H, outer view of left chela; I, outer view of right chela.

Fig. 7 in Taxonomy of the semiterrestrial crab Lepidothelphusa cognettii (Nobili, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), with descriptions of five new species from Sarawak, Malaysia, Borneo

Fig. 7. Lepidothelphusa loi, new species, holotype male (10.3 × 9.6 mm) (ZRC 2015.0607), Gunung Ampungan, Sadong River Basin, Serian, Sarawak. A, overall dorsal view of habitus; B, dorsal view of carapace; C, ventral view showing anterior thoracic sternum and male abdomen; D, frontal view of carapace; E, outer view of right fourth ambulatory leg; F, left third maxilliped showing exopod; G, left cheliped showing serrated inner margin of merus; H, outer view of left chela; I, outer view of right chela.