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Figure 3 in Life-history traits of a common Caribbean coral-excavating sponge, Cliona tenuis (Porifera: Hadromerida)

Figure 3. Female reproductive elements in Cliona tenuis. (A) Immature oocyte in April 2009; (B) sparse distribution of immature oocytes in the tissue; (C) mature oocyte showing a distinctive nucleolus and nucleus, and the absence of nurse cells; (D) oocyte distribution and abundance in February 2009.

opennotspecifiedOct 2013View details →

Figure 1 in Life-history traits of a common Caribbean coral-excavating sponge, Cliona tenuis (Porifera: Hadromerida)

Figure 1. Temporal variation of attributes describing the reproductive cycle in Cliona tenuis. (A) Proportion of reproductive sponges (bars) and the total number of individuals sampled (circles); (B) mean propagule size over time; the circles show the number of propagules measured; (C) density of propagules over time. Error bars depict standard error.

opennotspecifiedOct 2013View details →

Figure 9 in Life-history traits of a common Caribbean coral-excavating sponge, Cliona tenuis (Porifera: Hadromerida)

Figure 9. Seasonal change in sea surface temperature (SST) at the study site over time (ordinal date in days of the year): average temperature over 24 years (grey band) and during the 2009 study year (filled dots). Source: AVHRR pathfinder, NOAA.

opennotspecifiedNov 2008View details →

FIGURE 1. A in A new species of Aaptos (Porifera, Hadromerida, Suberitidae) from Pribilof Canyon, Bering Sea, Alaska

FIGURE 1. A: Holotype of Aaptos kanuux sp. n. in situ at 219 m depth in Pribilof Canyon. Black pebbles to which the sponge is attached are buried in the silt and not visible. Sponge diameter is approx. 3cm. B: Holotype, preserved in ethanol. Two fragments have already been cut out of the sponge. Note the radial arrangement in the interior. Sponge diameter is 1.9cm C: Radial arrangement of spicules and partly hispid surface visible. D: Overview of spicules occurring in Aaptos kanuux sp. n. Large strongyloxeas, medium sized subtylostyles and short, ectosomal tylostyles. Scale bar is 1 mm. E: Medium sized subtylostyles and ectosomal tylostyles. Scale bar *is* 100µm. F: Ectosomal tylostyles and ends of medium sized spicule category. Scale bar *is* 100µm.

opennotspecifiedFeb 2004View details →

FIGURE 2 in Timea bioxyasterina sp.n., a new species from the Northeastern coast of Brazil (Demospongiae, Hadromerida)

FIGURE 2. Timea bioxyasterina sp. nov. (Holotype, MNRJ 7984). a. Specimen fixed and preserved in alcohol (Scale bar = 1 mm); b. Skeletal arrangement (Scale bar = 200 µm).

FIGURE 5 in Cliona tumula sp. nov., a conspicuous, massive Symbiodinium-bearing clionaid from the lower Florida Keys (USA) (Demospongiae: Hadromerida: Clionaidae)

FIGURE 5. Microscleres from Cliona orientalis, Cervicornia cuspidifera, and C. varians. A. C. orientalis spiraster; B. Cervicornia cuspidifera spiraster; C. Cliona varians (encrusting) spiraster; D. Cliona varians (encrusting) anthosigma; E. Cliona varians (encrusting) diplaster; F. Cliona varians (massive) spiraster; G. Cliona varians (massive) anthosigma; H. Cliona varians (massive) diplaster. Scales: A, C–D, F, 5 µm; B, G, 2 µm; E, H, 10 µm.

FIGURE 2 in Cliona tumula sp. nov., a conspicuous, massive Symbiodinium-bearing clionaid from the lower Florida Keys (USA) (Demospongiae: Hadromerida: Clionaidae)

FIGURE 2. Camera lucida drawing of thin section of Cliona tumula sp. nov. showing embedded calcareous fragments (in bold) in the choanosome (scale = 1 mm). Inset: choanosome of ethanol preserved specimen highlighting tracts of sediment that the sponge incorporates in its mesohyl. The tracts run perpendicular to the ectosome.

FIGURE 3 in Cliona tumula sp. nov., a conspicuous, massive Symbiodinium-bearing clionaid from the lower Florida Keys (USA) (Demospongiae: Hadromerida: Clionaidae)

FIGURE 3. Micrographs of calcium carbonate fragments extracted from Cliona tumula sp. nov. choanosome tissue. A. Mollusc shell with clear evidence of sponge bioerosion (scale = 200 µm); B. Evidence of cellular etching and calcareous chip removal by C. tumula sp. nov. (scale = 100 µm); C–D. Unidentified calcareous fragments found in the choanosome that are clearly derived from calcareous tests of organisms on the reef. That is, the material is not remnant skeleton from a scleractinian coral that this species out-grew as can be found with some gamma-stage clionaids (scale = 200 µm).

FIGURE 1. A in Cliona tumula sp. nov., a conspicuous, massive Symbiodinium-bearing clionaid from the lower Florida Keys (USA) (Demospongiae: Hadromerida: Clionaidae)

FIGURE 1. A. In situ photograph of Cliona tumula sp. nov. B. Preserved holotype (scale = 10 cm); C. Micrograph of representative subtylostyle from C. tumula sp. nov. (scale = 100 µm); D-G. Micrographs of variability in C. tumula sp. nov. tylostyle head shapes (scale = 10 µm); H–K. Micrographs of C. tumula sp. nov. spirasters (scale = 5 µm).

FIGURE 28 in Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species

FIGURE 28. Relationship of cold temperate NE Pacific Tethya species megaster R/Cs (ratio of megaster spine length to centrum diameter) to latitude.

FIGURE 26 in Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species

FIGURE 26. Tethya californiana de Laubenfels, 1932. Cross sections of cortex; A, Winter Hbr, Hall Bank, BC, scale bar 3 mm; B, McBride Bay, Tahsis Narrows, BC, scale bar 3 mm; C, RMMU I-2078, San Jose Creek, Pt. Lobos, Carmel, CA, scale bar 0.5 mm; D, CASIZ 067731, Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, CA, scale bar 2 mm.

FIGURE 27 in Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species

FIGURE 27. Tethya spp.. Comparison of megasters of specimens from southern California (A–C) central California (D–G), northern California, (H), and BC (I–L).

FIGURE 29. T in Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species

FIGURE 29. T. californiana of Sara & Corierro, 1993 courtesy of Ophelia (journal); a=alveolar layer of smaller vacuoles, b=larger cortical vacuoles; c=largest choanosomal vacuoles. Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 25 in Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species

FIGURE 25. Tethya californiana de Laubenfels, 1932. A, Chrow Islet, BC, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 1.5 cm; B, KML 1094 Batley I., BC; cross section of cortex, scale bar 3 mm; C, anisostrongyle, scale bar 1 mm; D, head of anisostrongyle, scale bar 100 µm; E, foot of anisostrongyle, scale bar 100 µm; F, head of style, scale bar 30 µm; G, foot of style, scale bar 30 µm; H, cortical megastars, scale bar 30 µm; I, incipient acanthotylaster, scale bar 5 µm; J, acanthostrongylaster, K, acanthoxysphaeraster, scale bar 5 µm; L, oxysphaeraster, scale bar 5 µm.

FIGURE 30. Tethya vacua n in Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species

FIGURE 30. Tethya vacua n. sp. A, Holotype (CASIZ 053441), scale bar 1 cm; B, cross section of holotype, smaller vacuoles of outer cortex (above) and larger vacuoles of inner cortex below; C, anisostrongyle, scale bar 500 µm; D, head of anisostrongyle, scale bar 50 µm; E, foot of anisostrongyle, scale bar 50 µm; F, head of strongyloxea, scale bar 30 µm; G, foot of strongyloxea, scale bar 30 µm; H, megaster scale bar 50 µm; I, megaster scale bar 40 µm; J, oxysphaeraster, scale bar 10 µm; K, acanthostrongylaster, scale bar 10 µm.

FIGURE 24 in Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species

FIGURE 24. Tethya californiana de Laubenfels, 1932. Syntype: USNM No. 21495, Pescadero Point. CA; A, whole specimen showing external sloughing, scale bar 1 cm; B, cortex and outer choanosome, no alveolar layer of multiple lacunae; C, anisostrongyle, scale bar 1 mm; D, head of anisostrongyle, scale bar 100 µm; E. foot of anisostrongyle, scale bar 100 µm; F, head of anisostrongyle, scale bar 30 µm; G, almost pointed foot of anisostrongyle, scale bar 30 µm; H, megaster, scale bar 50 µm; I, megaster, scale bar 30 µm; J, acanthostrongylaster, scale bar 10 µm; K, acanthoxysphaeraster, scale bar 5 µm; L, acanthoxysphaeraster, scale bar 5 µm; M, oxysphaeraster, scale bar 10 µm.

FIGURE 23. Suberites latus Lambe, 1893. A, B in Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species

FIGURE 23. Suberites latus Lambe, 1893. A, B, typical smooth surface morph, scale bar approx. 1 cm; C, rough surface morph, scale bar approx. 1 cm; D, section normal to surface, scale bar 1 mm; E, curved tylostyle; F, straight tylostyle; G, tylostrongyle; H, I, fat and thin acanthose centrotylote strongyles, scale bars E–I, 10 µm.

FIGURE 18 in Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species

FIGURE 18. Homaxinella amphispicula (de Laubenfels, 1961). A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 2.5 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar 1.3 cm; C, axial skeleton in cross section, scale bar 500 µm; D, extra-axial bundles of spicules running to surface, scale bar 500 µm; E, styles and subtylostyles sta. 94/82, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 10 µm; F, styles and subtylostyles of holotype H. amphispicula USNM, scale bar left 100 µm, middle and right 30 µm; G, styles of Homaxinella subdula from the UK, scale bar left 200 µm, middle and right 30 µm.

FIGURE 17 in Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species

FIGURE 17. Aaptos simplex (Lambe, 1893b). A, live specimen collected from Whytecliffe Park, BC, scale bar approx. 5 mm; B, dried section normal to surface showing well developed multispicular tracts radiating to well defined ectosome, scale bar 2 mm; C, tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; D, tylostyle head, scale bar 30 µm; E, large fusiform subtylostyle, scale bar 500 µm; F, subtylostyle head, scale bar 30 µm; G, head approaching the stylote condition of strongyloxea, scale bar 30 µm.

FIGURE 21. Suberites concinnus Lambe, 1895 in Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species

FIGURE 21. Suberites concinnus Lambe, 1895 (cont.). A, style, scale bar 100 µm and B, head in ectosome of typical specimen, scale bar 20 µm; C, style, scale bar 100 µm and D, head in choanosome of typical specimen, scale bar 20 µm; E, style and F, G, (incipient) subtylostyles of specimen: RBCM 974-563-2, scale bar 20 µm; H, I, head of subtylostyles in specimen: NOAA 27218 of Suberites montiniger, scale bar 20 µm.