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608 results for “Heat stress”
Microscale heat stress observations in Ghent
<p>This dataset is part of the scientific paper: [Not yet published].</p> <p>The dataset contains observational data collected during a heat stress measurement campaign at the university campus Sterre in the urban fringe of Ghent during the summer of 2023.</p> <p>The campaign consists of a device-intercomparison measurement with all devices close to each other from 27 May to 1 June 2023 and the actual measurement campaign with the devices in various micro-environments during a heat wave from 9 June to 15 June 2023. The monitoring devices consist of weather stations (Campbell, HOBO, and VLINDER(02)) and consumer-grade portable devices (AT-HTS01, abbreviated with A and the corresponding device number).</p> <p>The measurement frequency varies from 2.5 s to 5 min, however, all data are aggregated to 15-minute averages. Basic quality control is conducted, during which inappropriate repetitive data and extreme outliers are removed. Gaps were introduced when the devices were known to malfunction, such as when they were covered for protection against rainfall, had fallen, or lacked electricity for active ventilation.</p> <p>An explanation of each parameter used in the datasets can be found below:</p> <ul> <li>datetime: The date and time in the format yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss+02:00 (UTC+2, local time Belgian summer).</li> <li>Tap: Air temperature measured in a passively ventilated radiation shield (°C).</li> <li>Taa: Air temperature measured in an actively ventilated radiation shield (°C).</li> <li>Tg: Globe temperature (°C).</li> <li>RH: Relative humidity (%).</li> <li>V: Horizontal wind speed (m/s).</li> <li>SWR: Shortwave radiation (W/m2).</li> <li>P: Surface pressure (Pa).</li> <li>Tw_by_device: Wet bulb temperature given by the measurement device (°C).</li> <li>WBGT_by_device: Wet bulb globe temperature given by the measurement device (°C).</li> <li>x, y: Locationcoordinates (EPSG31370).</li> </ul>
Data for: Flowers that self-shade reduce heat stress and pollen limitation
<p>Premise: Plants are facing increased risk of heat stress with global climate change. Reproductive tissues are particularly sensitive which can result in lower plant fitness. Floral shading and closure are possible mechanisms to limit heat stress although most previous work on petal orientation has considered adaptations to raise temperatures. We hypothesized that floral shading could reduce temperature and increase reproductive success.</p> <p>Results: Individual flowers of all four species that shaded their pistils experienced temperatures 3 – 8 oC lower than those that remained open and unshaded. In our wiring experiment, unencumbered R. coulteri controls were 40% more likely to produce seeds than flowers that were either permanently open or closed. Without added pollen, control flowers produced 2x more seeds than flowers wired open and 8x more than those wired closed. However, pollen addition eliminated the effects of wiring and increased capsule weight and seed production. This suggests that pollen limitation was responsible for observed differences in the wiring treatments. Pollinators may prefer control flowers over those that were wired open or closed; petal shading may make flowers cooler and more attractive to pollinators.</p> <p>Conclusions: Petal shading may be a behavior that allows flowers to reduce heat stress and increases their chances of pollination and seed set.</p>
Data set for: Genetic dissection of marker trait associations for grain micro-nutrients and thousand grain weight under heat and moisture deficit stress conditions in wheat
<p>The study material in the GWAS panel with 193 bread wheat genotypes from Indian and exotic collections was selected to map the genomic regions responsible for grain iron and Zinc content under drought and heat stress treatments.</p> <p>Phenotypic data:</p> <p>The GWAS panel was evaluated at IARI, New Delhi - DL (28.6550° N, 77.1888° E, MSL 228.61 m) under Irrigated (IR), Restricted Irrigated (RI) and Late sown (LS) treatment conditions over 2 years i.e. 2020 and 2021 with augmented RCBD design. Data was collected on Grain Iron and Grain zinc content along with thousand-grain weight. Around 20 g of grain sample from each of 282 genotypes from the GWAS panel under all three conditions were used for phenotyping GFeC and GZnC through high-throughput Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) machine (model X-Supreme 8000; Oxford Instruments plc, Abingdon, United Kingdom) calibrated with glass beads-based values. To record TGW, manual counting of grains was followed and the weight of the grains was recorded in grams with an electronic balance.</p> <p>Genotypic data:</p> <p>Genomic DNA of the GWAS panel was extracted from the leaves of seedlings by Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) method. The panel was genotyped using Axiom Wheat Breeder's Genotyping Array (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, United States) having 35,143 genome-wide SNPs. The monomorphic, markers with minor allele frequency (MAF) of <5%, missing data of >10%, and heterozygote frequency >50% were removed from the analysis. The remaining set of 13,947 high-quality SNPs was used in GWAS analysis.</p>
Heat stress can change the competitive outcome between fungi – insights from a modelling approach
<p>Under a changing climate, soil fungal communities will increasingly be subject to periods of heat stress. These periods can affect the performance of individual fungi and their competition for space and resources. Competition between fungi is strongly controlled by the exudation of inhibitory compounds, resulting in different competitive outcomes that range from overgrowth of the inferior competitor to a deadlock, where the competing fungi inhibit each other. As heat stress can alter the competitive outcome between fungi, the community composition can also change strongly. So far, a general understanding of the mechanisms that drive the competitive outcome between fungi under heat stress is still missing. However, this understanding is essential to assess important community functions, such as decomposition or mediation of plant nutrition, which strongly depend on the fungal community composition. Here, we used a partial differential equation (PDE) model simulating two fungal competitors in a two-dimensional space, to mechanistically explain the observed change of fungal competition under heat stress. The model describes mycelial growth, the production and secretion of antifungal compounds, and the synthesis of heat shock proteins of interacting colonies. We found a heat stress-induced lag phase favouring the accumulation of antifungal compounds and the build-up of inhibitor fields. This led to a qualitative change of the competitive outcome, reducing the occurrence of overgrowth by two-thirds. The changes in competitive outcome favoured slower-growing species, which benefit more strongly from the additional time during a stress-induced lag to build up a defence or block territory that would otherwise be quickly claimed by faster competitors. Our work is an important step towards understanding how environmental changes may lead to qualitative changes in competitive outcomes. Our results show the importance of explicitly including species interactions into studies of climate change effects.</p>
Data from: Heat stress increases risk taking in foraging shorebirds
<p>1. Animals often face a trade-off between food acquisition and predation/disturbance avoidance. Yet the extent to which this trade-off is affected by modulating factors such as thermal risk and foraging opportunities has been largely overlooked.</p> <p>2. Here, we examined the influence of temporal and environmental gradients on the flight initiation distance (FID, the distance at which animals flee from an approaching human-simulated predator) and escape mode (flying/low risk versus running/low cost) in 16 species of shorebirds foraging on tidal flats of the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau. We measured escape responses throughout the low tide period during wet and dry seasons and simultaneously recorded microclimate variables and occurrence of heat-reduction behaviour (ptiloerection). Furthermore, we measured corticosterone metabolites (CORTm) from droppings in red knots <em>Calidris canutus</em> to assess whether ptiloerection is associated to a physiological stress response to hot conditions.</p> <p>3. Overall, birds tolerated a closer approach at higher environmental temperatures and when showing ptiloerection. They also had shorter FIDs during the dry season and towards the start/end of the low tide period. FIDs also increased with body mass and decreased in areas with more human presence. In red knots, individuals showing ptiloerection had higher levels of CORTm, demonstrating a link between physiological and behavioural stress coping responses to heat events.</p> <p>4. Our results suggest that heat-stressed shorebirds take greater risks, supporting the idea of a thermoregulation–predation risk trade-off. They also indicate that shorebirds adjust risk taking to tidal and seasonal cycles, generally reducing FIDs when the energetic costs of escape are expected to be large. Finally, they suggest that shorebirds habituate to non-lethal human presence and respond to perceived predation risk in accordance with the predictions of optimal escape theory.</p> <p>5. These results are relevant to many animals that face a tight window for foraging activity while being exposed to predation/disturbance and heat during the day. We discuss management implications of our results in the context of global change.</p>
Data for: Excess labile carbon promotes diazotroph abundance in heat-stressed octocorals
<p><span>Constant nitrogen limitation is the foundation of a stable coral-algal symbiosis. Diazotrophs, i.e., prokaryotes capable of fixing N<sub>2</sub> into ammonia, are key players in coral holobionts. Recent studies on reef-building corals have shown that labile dissolved organic carbon (DOC) enrichment or heat stress stimulated the growth and activity of diazotrophs, resulting in excess nitrogen availability. However, the (a)biotic drivers of diazotrophs in octocorals are still poorly understood. We investigated diazotroph abundance (assessed via relative quantification of <em>nifH</em> gene copy numbers) in two symbiotic octocorals, the more mixotrophic soft coral <em>Xenia</em> <em>umbellata</em> and the more autotrophic gorgonian <em>Pinnigorgia</em> <em>flava</em>, under a) labile DOC enrichment for 21 days, followed by b) combined labile DOC enrichment and heat stress for 24 days. In the absence of heat stress, relative diazotroph abundances in X<em>.</em> <em>umbellata</em> and <em>P</em>. <em>flava</em> were unaffected by DOC enrichment. During heat stress, DOC enrichment (higher than 20 mg glucose L<sub>-1</sub>) increased the relative abundances of diazotrophs by 6-fold in <em>X</em>. <em>umbellata</em> and 4-fold in <em>P</em>. <em>flava</em>, compared to their counterparts without excess DOC. Our data suggest that labile DOC enrichment and concomitant heat stress could disrupt the nitrogen limitation in octocorals through stimulating diazotroph proliferations. Reducing labile DOC loading may effectively help octocorals cope with future ocean warming scenarios.</span></p>
Heat stress reveals a fertility debt owing to postcopulatory sexual selection
<p>Climates are changing rapidly, demanding equally rapid adaptation of natural populations. Whether sexual selection can aid such adaptation is under debate; while sexual selection should promote adaptation when individuals with high mating success are also best adapted to their local surroundings, the expression of sexually selected traits can incur costs. Here we asked what the demographic consequences of such costs may be once climates change to become harsher and the strength of natural selection increases. We investigated how an evolutionary history of strong postcopulatory sexual selection (sperm competition) affects male fertility under acute adult heat stress. Harnessing the empirical potential of long-term experimental evolution in the seed beetle <em>Callosobruchus</em> <em>maculatus</em>, we assessed the thermal sensitivity of fertility (TSF) in replicated lines maintained for 68 generations under three alternative mating regimes manipulating the opportunity for sexual and natural selection. We find that males evolving under strong sexual selection suffer from increased TSF, and that male success in sperm competition (P2: sperm offense) is genetically correlated to increased TSF. Interestingly, females from the regime under strong sexual selection, who experienced relaxed selection on their own reproductive effort, had high fertility in benign settings but suffered increased TSF, like their brothers. This implies that female fertility and TSF evolved through genetic correlation with reproductive traits sexually selected in males. Paternal but not maternal heat stress reduced offspring fertility with no evidence for adaptive transgenerational plasticity among heat-exposed offspring, indicating that the observed effects may compound over generations. Our results suggest that trade-offs between fertility and traits increasing success in postcopulatory sexual selection can be revealed in harsh environments. This can put polyandrous species under increased risk during extreme heat waves expected under future climate change.</p>
Dataset of systematic literature review of paper "Analysis of The Impact of Heat Stress on Embryo Development"
<p>This the dataset of the paper. It included</p> <p>1. Abstract of papers</p> <p>2. Details of papers</p> <p>3. PRISMA checklist </p>
MOM5 FAFMIP datasets for the study of Tropical Pacific Ocean Heat Budget in Control, FAF-STRESS and FAF-HEAT experiments
<p>Data sets for reproducing results in "Tropical Pacific Ocean Heat Budget and the Role of Shallow and Deep Circulations" by Navarro-Labastida and Farneti, including all time-mean temperature tendencies and Meridional Overturning mass transports in density space for both Control and perturbation experiments.</p>
Data for: Microhabitat conditions remedy heat stress effects on insect activity
<p>This is the data set for the study entitled "Microhabitat conditions remedy heat stress effects on insect activity". Here we measured movement activity of terrestrial insects in response to heat stress and varying microhabitat conditions using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID-tracking) for terrestrial, running insects.</p>
Data from: Larger pollen loads increase risk of heat stress in foraging bumble bees
<p>Global declines in bumblebee populations are linked to climate change, but specific mechanisms imposing thermal stress on these species are poorly known. Here we examine the potential for heat stress in workers foraging for pollen, an essential resource for colony development. Laboratory studies have shown that pollen foraging causes increased thoracic temperatures (T<sub>th</sub>) in bees, but this effect has not been examined in bumblebees nor in real-world foraging situations. We examine the effects of increasing pollen load size on T<sub>th</sub> of <em>Bombus impatiens</em> workers in the field while accounting for body size and microclimate. We found that T<sub>th</sub> increased by 0.07°C for every mg of pollen carried (p = 0.007), resulting in a 2°C increase across the observed range of pollen load sizes. Bees carrying pollen were predicted to have a T<sub>th</sub> 1.7–2.2°C hotter than those without pollen, suggesting that under certain conditions, pollen loads could cause <em>B. impatiens</em> workers to heat from a safe T<sub>th</sub> to one within the range of critical thermal limits that we measured (41.3°C to 48.4°C). Bumblebees likely adopt behavioral or physiological strategies to counteract the thermal stress induced by pollen foraging and may have limited foraging opportunities as environmental temperatures continue to increase.</p>
Developmental heat stress interrupts spermatogenesis inducing early male sterility in Drosophila melanogaster
<p><span>Thermal stress leads to fertility reduction, can cause temporal sterility and thus results in fitness loss with severe ecological and evolutionary consequences, e.g., threatening species persistence already at sub-lethal temperatures. For males we here tested which developmental stage is particularly sensitive to heat stress in the model species <em>Drosophila</em> <em>melanogaster</em>. As developmental stages characterize the different steps of sperm development, we could narrow down which particular processes are heat sensitive. We studied early male reproductive ability and, by following recovery dynamics after a move to benign temperatures, we investigated the mechanisms behind a subsequent gain of fertility. We found strong support to suggest that the last steps of spermatogenesis are particularly sensitive to heat stress, as processes occurring during the pupal stage were mostly interrupted, delaying both sperm production and sperm maturation. Moreover, further measurements in the testes and for proxies of sperm availability indicating the onset of adult reproductive capacity matched the expected heat-induced delay in completing spermatogenesis. We discuss these results within the context of how heat stress affects reproductive organ function and the consequences for male reproductive potential.</span></p>
Effect of thermal acclimation on the tolerance of the peach fruit fly (Bactrocera zonata: Tephritidae) to heat and cold stress
<p>The effect of thermal acclimation on cold and heat tolerance of the peach fruit fly (<em>Bactrocera zonata</em>) was studied. Males and females were acclimated at 20, 25 and 30°C for up to 19 days following adult emergence. The critical thermal minimum (CT<sub>min</sub>) and maximum (CT<sub>max</sub>) were subsequently recorded as well adult survival following acute exposure to chilling (0 or -3°C for 2 hours). Additionally, the survival of pupae subjected for two hours to temperatures ranging from -12°C to 5°C was determined.</p> <p>The raw data collected during this study is available in the provided data file.</p>
Exploring the connection between autophagy and heat-stress tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster
<p>Mechanisms aimed at recovering from heat-induced damages are closely associated with the ability of ectotherms to survive exposure to stressful temperatures. Autophagy, a ubiquitous stress-responsive catabolic process, has recently gained renewed attention as one of these mechanisms. By increasing the turnover of cellular structures as well as the clearance of long-lived protein and protein aggregates, the induction of autophagy has been linked to increased tolerance to a range of abiotic stressors in diverse ectothermic organisms. However, whether a link between autophagy and heat-tolerance exists in insect models remains unclear despite broad ecophysiological implications thereof. Here, we explored the putative association between autophagy and heat-tolerance using <em>Drosophila</em> <em>melanogaster</em> as a model. We hypothesized that (i) heat-stress would cause an increase of autophagy in flies' tissues, and (ii) rapamycin exposure would trigger a detectable autophagic response in adults and increase their heat-tolerance. In line with our hypothesis, we report that flies exposed to heat-stress present signs of protein aggregation and appear to trigger an autophagy-related homoeostatic response as a result. We further show that rapamycin feeding causes the systemic effect associated with target of rapamycin (TOR) inhibition, induces autophagy locally in the fly gut, and increases the heat-stress tolerance of individuals. These results argue in favour of a substantial contribution of autophagy to the heat-stress tolerance mechanisms of insects.</p>
The effects of dissolved organic matter supplements on the metabolism of corals under heat stress
<p><span>Octocorals represent a</span><span> major alternative group in the benthic community of reefs that have diverged from hexacoral dominance. Despite their phototrophic symbionts, supplementing their diet with heterotrophic sources may promote their growth, particularly when compared to hexacorals in bleaching conditions. However, limited comprehensive data exists on octocorals' trophic ecology, especially regarding their ability to feed on dissolved organic matter (DOM), which comprises the largest pool of organic matter in reefs. This study aims to investigate the ability of two octocorals (<em>Sarcophyton glaucum </em>and <em>Lobophytum sp.</em>) to feed on DOM and compare this ability to that of hexacorals, such as <em>Stylophora pistillata</em> and <em>Turbinaria reniformis. </em>The study measured the net fluxes of DOM under varying DOM concentrations and under heat stress. The results demonstrate that all coral species were net producers of DOM at ambient concentrations, but became net consumers once seawater was supplemented with DOM. Furthermore, our study highlights a relationship between coral physiological responses to heat stress and DOM uptake. Corals that increased (<em>S. pistillata</em>) or maintained (<em>S. glaucum</em> and <em>Lobophytum sp.)</em> their DOM uptake rates at high temperatures were the most resilient to heat stress. In contrast, <em>T. reniformis</em> exhibited lower DOM uptake rates at high temperatures, which was associated with significant bleaching. </span><span>Understanding the ability of corals to feed on DOM may therefore provide insight on the resilience of species under ocean warming conditions.</span></p>
From green to red: Urban heat stress drives leaf color evolution
<p><span>Urban environments, occupying approximately 1% of total land area, often impose novel biotic and abiotic selective pressures on organisms and provide valuable opportunities to understand the eco-evolutionary dynamics between nature and human societies. Prevalence of impervious surface and resulting higher temperatures in urban areas, known as urban heat islands, comprises prominent characteristics in global cities. However, it is not known whether and how urban plants adapt to such heat stress. This study focused on <em>Oxalis</em> <em>corniculata</em>, which has intraspecific polymorphism in leaf color (green, red), and examined whether the leaf color variation is associated with urban heat stress. Field observations revealed consistent associations between leaf color and habitat types (green vs. urban) at local (< 500m), landscape (< 50km), and global scales. Green-leaved plants were dominant in green habitats, and red-leaved individuals had increased in number in urban habitats. Growth and photosynthesis experiments indicated the adaptive benefit and cost of red/green leaves associated with heat stresses. Red-leaved individuals had higher growth rates and photosynthetic efficiency under heat stress, while green-leaved individuals displayed higher growth rates and photosynthetic efficiency under non-stressful conditions. Genome-wide SNP analysis suggests that the red leaf trait may have evolved multiple times from the ancestral green leaf, rather than spreading from a single origin of red leaf evolution. Overall, the results suggested that the dominance of red leaves of <em>O. corniculata</em> seen in cities worldwide would be evidence of plant adaptative evolution due to urban heat islands.</span></p>
Enhanced Firefighter Rehab Trial: The Role of Aspirin in Preventing Heat Stress Induced Platelet Activation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01066923. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Local Heat Stress in Autonomic Failure Patients With Supine Hypertension
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02417415. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: It's cool to be dominant: social status alters short-term risks of heat stress
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data set for: Genetic dissection of marker trait associations for grain micro-nutrients and thousand grain weight under heat and moisture deficit stress conditions in wheat
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.