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304 results for “Lightning”
Initial leader properties during the preliminary breakdown processes of lightning flashes and their associations with initiation positions
<p>It is the dataset assocaited with the figures in the paper titled "Initial leader properties during the preliminary breakdown processes of lightning flashes and their associations with initiation positions" which was submitted to the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres for publication. It can be accessed using Matlab. The abstract of the manuscript is as follows.</p> <p>The properties of initial leaders (ILs) of 1056 flashes in two thunderstorms in Guangzhou, China, are analyzed. The median values of IL properties are 11.1 ms for duration, 2.2 km for vertical distance, 2.7 km for 3-D distance, 1.9 × 10<sup>5</sup> m s<sup>−1</sup> for vertical speed, 2.4 × 10<sup>5</sup> m s<sup>−1</sup> for 3-D speed, 28° for angle between the IL’s displacement direction and the vertical direction, 1.1 per ms for pulse rate, 179 m for vertical step length and 224 m for 3-D step length. All the IL properties follow lognormal distributions. Strong monotonic relationships of IL duration with speed and pulse rate and pulse rate with speed and step length are revealed. With increasing initiation altitude, IL duration and step length tend to increase, and IL speed and pulse rate tend to decrease. The ILs initiated at approximately the −20 ℃ isotherm are more vertically orientated on average than those initiated at lower or higher levels. The ILs initiated in the strong kinematic areas generally had a greater speed and pulse rate but smaller duration, distance and step length relative to those initiated in the weak kinematic areas. The possible impacts of the charge distribution patterns and density on the IL properties in different types of thunderstorms or thunderstorm areas are discussed.</p>
Fine Three-Dimensional VHF Lightning Mapping Using Waveform Cross-Correlation TOA Method
<p>In a manuscript entitled “Fine Three-Dimensional VHF Lightning Mapping Using Waveform Cross-Correlation TOA Method”, the lightning data obtained by an improved VHF 3-D location system were analyzed. The data supports the aforementioned manuscript and can be used freely for scientific purposes with appropriate citation.</p>
Data from "Comprehensive observations of the wire destruction and plasma channel reestablishment process during the initial stage of triggered lightning"
<p>The attached is the dataset assoicated with the paper titled "Comprehensive observations of the wire destruction and plasma channel reestablishment process during the initial stage of triggered lightning" which was submitted to <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em> . The data can be used freely for scientific purposes with appropriate citation.</p>
X-ray Signatures of Lightning-induced Electron Precipitation
<p>Figures, data, and code used in my paper describing X-ray signatures of lightning-induced electron precipitation (LEP)</p>
ALDIS cloud to ground lightning strike occurrence aggregated to spatiotemporal ERA5 cells (summer months 2010 to 2019)
<p>The dataset contains a binary classification whether at least one cloud-to-ground lightning flash as detected by the ALDIS [1] lightning location system occurred in the previous hour in an ERA5 grid cell. Data with an amplitude between -2 kA and +15 kA are excluded.<br><br></p> <p>The data cover 8.25E to 16.75E longitude and 45.25N to 49.75N latitude.<br><br>Non-commercial use is allowed conditional on proper citation of the data source, ALDIS, and the accompanying manuscript <em>Ehrensperger, G., Simon, T., Mayr, G. J., and Hell, T.: Identifying lightning processes in ERA5 soundings with deep learning, Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 1141–1153, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-1141-2025">https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-1141-2025</a>, 2025</em>.</p>
Energy and source of a natural ball lightning based on observational facts
<p><span>The origin data about all figures </span><span>of this work (Energy and source of a natural ball lightning based on observational facts).</span></p>
The INMCM-4.8 Earth system model data used in the paper by Guryanov V.V. et al. entitled ''The present-day and future lightning frequency as simulated by four CMIP6 models'
<p>The INMCM-4.8 Earth system model data used in the paper by Guryanov V.V. et al. entitled ''The present-day and future lightning frequency as simulated by four CMIP6 models'</p>
Visualizations of a lightning seed formation in a thundercloud
<p>This repository contains video files and figures corresponding to numerical simulations of the process of a lightning seed formation in a thundercloud obtained in a wide range of conditions. An auxiliary textual file with their description is also provided. Except model realizations reported in the paper, several additional examples are given. The name of each folder consists of three numbers separated by underscore: “a_b_c”, where “a” is the height above the mean sea level in kilometers, “b” is the ratio of an intracloud electric field strength to the positive streamer propagation threshold (at the considered altitude), and “c” is the spatiotemporal frequency of streamer systems appearance in the units of m<sup>-3</sup>s<sup>-1</sup>. Additional ending “RCT” means that the simulation does not end with a lightning seed formation because of the relay charge transport effect.</p>
High-speed videos for the paper "Correlation between speed of the stepped leader and peak current of the return stroke of lightning flashes"
<p>This page contains one spreadsheets with the data of the analyzed lightning flashes (.xlsx file). And it also has high-speed camera video files (.cine files) that are located inside the Lighning Flashes.rar folder. The videos can be watched frame by frame to reproduce the analysis done in the paper titled "Correlation between speed of the stepped leader and peak current of the return stroke of lightning flashes", submitted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters.</p> <p>Instructions to watch the videos: </p> <p>Download and use the software Phantom Camera Control (PCC) available at:</p> <p>https://www.phantomhighspeed.com/resourcesandsupport/phantomresources/pccsoftware</p> <p>The Phantom Camera Control (PCC) software is compatible with Windows 7 Pro and Windows 8.1 and Windows 10, for both 32 and 64-bit operating systems.</p>
Orinoco fires and lightning strikes, landcover
<p>Lightning strike correlation with wildfire hotspots. Landcover analysis for Inverbosques current or prospective holdings.</p>
Data files for "Flash development at sub-pixel resolution with the Geostationary Lightning Mapper"
<p>This depository includes the data files used to produce results in the paper "Resolving sub-pixel flash development with the Geostationary Lightning Mapper."</p> <p>Each lightning mapping array (LMA) file in OKLMA.tar is a text file. Each Earth Networks Total Lightning Network (ENTLN) file in ENTLN.tar is a csv file. Each Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) file in GOES16_GLM.tar is a netcdf file.</p> <p>Oklahoma lightning mapping array data is available from the NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory website: https://data.nssl.noaa.gov/thredds/catalog/WRDD/OKLMA/catalog.html.</p> <p>Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) data can be accessed through several links found at https://goes-r.nsstc.nasa.gov/home/.</p> <p>We thank Dr. Jeff Lapierre and Earth Networks for free use of ENTLN data for scientific purposes.</p>
Monthly averaged lightning and trace gases data extracted from EMAC simulations (2007, T42L90MA resolution)
<pre>About Dataset Monthly averaged lightning and trace gases data extracted from EMAC simulations (2007, T42L90MA resolution) Authors: Francisco J. Pérez-Invernon, Francisco J. Gordillo-Vázquez, Heidi Huntrieser, Patrick Jöckel and Eric J. Bucsela Description of the data CTR simulations: CTR_*.nc files LNOfs simulation: LNOfs_*.nc files *tr_*.nc: Monthly averaged trace gases *lnox*.nc: Monthly averaged lightning data<br>*ECHAM5*.nc: Monthly averaged dynamical variables<br>*grid_def*.nc: Monthly averaged grid variables<br>*tropop*.nc: Monthly averaged tropospheric variables </pre> <pre>File format: netcdf</pre> <p> </p>
Positioning of lightning electromagnetic radiation sources with satellite constellations: simulation and preliminary validation
<p>The dataset contains simulation calculation codes, satellite trajectories, and transmission time estimates. The simulation calculation is based on the version of matlab2024a,</p> <p>The observation_data_processing file contains the satellite orbit information and time difference information.</p>
Remote Sensing of Radiation Belt Energetic Electrons Using Lightning Triggered Upper Band Chorus
<p>We report very low frequency (VLF) observation of interaction of waves from atmospheric lightning with radiation belt particles. The observation provides a unique opportunity to remotely sense the dynamics of the energetic particle population in the Earth’s radiation belts and how this population leads to amplification and generation of waves.</p>
Data Used in "Close view of of the lightning attachment process unveils the streamer zone fine structure"
<p>This page contains high-speed video files as .gif and .cine files, for the complete video of Figure 2 (Movie S1 and S3). It also contains the video (Movie S2) from a second high-speed (Phantom V711) looking in a different direction that saw other UUL leaders not registered by the Phantom V2012 camera. There is also an Excel file containing the data analysis. The data uploaded here is sufficient to reproduce the results of the paper titled "Close view of of the lightning attachment process unveils the streamer zone fine structure", submitted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters.</p> <p><em>Instructions to watch the videos</em>: <strong>Movie S1.cine </strong>and<strong> Movie S2.cine:</strong></p> <p>Download and use the software Phantom Camera Control (PCC) available at:</p> <p><a href="https://www.phantomhighspeed.com/resourcesandsupport/phantomresources/pccsoftware">https://www.phantomhighspeed.com/resourcesandsupport/phantomresources/pccsoftware</a></p> <p>The Phantom Camera Control (PCC) software is compatible with Windows 7 Pro and Windows 8.1 and Windows 10, for both 32 and 64-bit operating systems.</p>
High-speed videos for the paper "Upward bipolar lightning flashes originated from the connection of recoil leaders with intracloud lightning"
<p>This page contains high-speed video files as .cine files, that can be watched frame by frame to reproduce the analysis done in the paper titled "Upward bipolar lightning flashes originated from the connection of recoil leaders with intracloud lightning", submitted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters.</p> <p><em>Instructions to watch the videos</em>: <strong>UP 44.cine </strong>and<strong> UP 76.cine:</strong></p> <p>Download and use the software Phantom Camera Control (PCC) available at:</p> <p><a href="https://www.phantomhighspeed.com/resourcesandsupport/phantomresources/pccsoftware">https://www.phantomhighspeed.com/resourcesandsupport/phantomresources/pccsoftware</a></p> <p>The Phantom Camera Control (PCC) software is compatible with Windows 7 Pro and Windows 8.1 and Windows 10, for both 32 and 64-bit operating systems.</p>
Lightning activity and wind speed variations in Tropical Cyclones of the Southwest Pacific Region
<p>Lightning data used in 'Lightning activity and wind speed variations in Tropical Cyclones of the Southwest Pacific Region'.</p>
Resonance at the front of lightning impulse voltage waveforms caused by the load capacitor
<p>Numerical simulations with NI-Multisim had been done to verify the hypothesis. Fig. 5 illustrated the simulated waveform , when was set to 150‍ W and was set to 350‍ W. Fig.‍ 5(a) shows the simulated result when no inductance was considered. But for actual circuit, inductance is not negligible. When inductances were added to the circuit in series with the capacitance and resistance, the voltage step would be less steep, and oscillation would appear at the front period. Fig.‍ 5(b) shows the simulated waveform when 0.5‍ mH, 1‍ mH and 2‍ mH inductances are in series with sphere gap (FS), and respectively. These values were estimated according to the LI waveform generation circuit used in my test, and with an approximation that the lead inductance is around 1‍ mH/m.</p>
Dataset for "Spaceborne observations of lightning NO2 in the Arctic"
<p>Core data used in <a href="https://github.com/zxdawn/S5P-LNO2-Notebook">S5P-LNO2-Notebook</a> repository for <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c07988">Zhang et al. (2023)</a>.</p> <p>For the full S5P LNO2 product (June-August, 2019-2021), please check the Arctic lightning NO2 product (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7547817">2019</a>, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7547819">2020</a>, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7547825">2021</a>).</p> <p><strong>Reference</strong></p> <p>Zhang et al., <strong>Spaceborne observations of lightning NO<sub>2</sub> in the Arctic</strong>, <em>Environ. Sci. Technol</em>.</p> <p><strong>Date files</strong></p> <ul> <li> <p>CAMS</p> <ul> <li> <p>CAMS anthropogenic, ship, and soil NOx emissions (2018)</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>clean lightning</p> <ul> <li> <p>Two clean lightning cases of S5P LNO2 product.</p> <p>Because it is ~1G per file, I just uploaded two files.</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>era5</p> <ul> <li> <p>Monthly CAPE (2019-2021 summer)</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>GFAS</p> <ul> <li> <p>GFAS wildfire NOx emission (2018-2021)</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>gld360</p> <ul> <li> <p>See <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7528016">10.5281/zenodo.7528016</a> (need request)</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>lno2</p> <ul> <li> <p>Lightning NO2 emission product</p> <ul> <li> <p>LNO2_emiss.nc</p> </li> <li> <p>LNO2_emiss_area.nc</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>LNOx profile of Luo et al. 2016</p> </li> <li> <p>Gridded 0.1 x 0.1 LNO2 product</p> <ul> <li> <p>S5P_LNO2_grid.nc</p> <p>vars: lno2, lno2_max, lno2_sum, lightning, and lightning_500hpa</p> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <p>S5P_LNO2_grid_product.nc</p> <p>vars: no2, lno2, lightning_counts, and cloud_pressure_crb</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>LNO2 lifetime products</p> <ul> <li> <p>S5P_LNO2_lifetime.csv</p> </li> <li> <p>S5P_LNO2_lifetime.nc (without lightning data, need request for original data)</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>LNO2 production products</p> <ul> <li> <p>S5P_LNO2_production.csv</p> </li> <li> <p>S5P_LNO2_production.nc (without lightning data, need request for original data)</p> </li> <li> <p>S5P_LNO2_production_**.csv (sensitivity tests)</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>Lightning within TROPOMI swath</p> <ul> <li> <p>swath_lightning_**.csv (need request)</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>merra2</p> <ul> <li> <p>MERRA2 AOD netcdf files</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>otd</p> <ul> <li> <p>OTD low resolution and high resolution monthly data</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>tropomi</p> <ul> <li> <p>Web scrapied S5P-PAL TROPOMI NO2 L2 swath shapes</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>tropomi_regrid_combine</p> <ul> <li> <p>Regridded summertime TROPOMI NO2 L2 data</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>viirs</p> <ul> <li> <p>VIIRS fire archive csv data</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Magnetic Properties of Lightning-Induced Glass Produced from Five Mineral Phases
<p>The excel sheet contains raw and corrected vibrating sample magnetometry data of five igneous minerals (< 32 µm powders of albite, labradorite, augite, hornblende, and magnetite) before and after high-current impulse experiments conducted at peak currents of 25 and 40 kA.</p>
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