Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
264
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
264 results for “Odorants”
Data from: Pilot-scale H2S and swine odor removal system using commercially available biochar
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
A comparison between mouse, in silico, and robot odor plume navigation reveals advantages of mouse odor-tracking
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Conspecific olfactory preferences and interspecific divergence in odor cues in a chickadee hybrid zone
Understanding how mating cues promote reproductive isolation upon secondary contact is important in describing the speciation process in animals. Divergent chemical cues have been shown to act in reproductive isolation across many animal taxa. However, such cues have been overlooked in avian speciation, particularly in passerines, in favor of more traditional signals such as song and plumage. Here we aim to test the potential for odor to act as a mate choice cue, and therefore contribute to premating reproductive isolation between the black-capped (Poecile atricapillus) and Carolina chickadee (P. carolinensis) in eastern Pennsylvania hybrid zone populations. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we document significant species differences in uropygial gland oil chemistry, especially in the ratio of ester to non-ester compounds. We also show significant preferences for conspecific over heterospecific odor cues in wild chickadees using a Y-maze design. Our results suggest that odor may be an overlooked but important mating cue in these chickadees, potentially promoting premating reproductive isolation. We further discuss several promising avenues for future research in songbird olfactory communication and speciation.
Dopamine axon population Ca signals in the striatum during odor cue- and reward-based choice tasks in mice
<p>Dopamine axon activity in the ventral, dorsomedial, and dorsolateral striatum was recorded, while mice performed a perceptual and value-based decision-making task. In one experiment, thirsty mice performed a perceptual decision-making task using mixtures of odor A and B (100/0, 90/10, 65/35, 35/65, 10/90, 0/100), in which identity of a dominant odor determined an available water port, and odor C which signaled no outcome. A fixed amount of water was always delivered with a correct choice. In the next experiment, mice performed a perceptual and value-based decision-making task using mixtures of odor A and B (100/0, 65/35, 35/65, 0/100), in which identity of a dominant odor determined an available water port, with probabilistic water reward. In this task, a fixed amount of water was delivered in block 1, and then in block 2, one water port delivered big or medium size of water in a pseudo-random order, and another water port delivered medium or small size of water in a pseudo-random order. In both tasks, odor-water port (left or right) rule was held constant throughout training and recording in each animal.</p>
Supplementary files for: How can the MHC mediate social odor via the microbiota community? A deep dive into mechanisms
<p>Genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) have long been linked to odor signaling and recently researchers' attention has focused on MHC structuring of microbial communities and how this may in turn impact odor. However, understanding of the mechanisms through which the MHC could affect the microbiota to produce a chemical signal that is both reliable and strong enough to ensure unambiguous transmission of behaviorally important information remains poor. This is largely because empirical studies are rare, predictions are unclear, and the underlying immunological mechanisms governing MHC-microbiota interactions are often neglected. Here we review the immunological processes involving MHC class II (MHC-II) that could affect the commensal community. Focusing on immunological and medical research, we provide background knowledge for non-immunologists by describing key players within the vertebrate immune system relating to MHC-II molecules (which present extracellular-derived peptides, and thus interact with extracellular commensal microbes). We then systematically review the literature investigating MHC-odor-microbiota interactions in animals and identify areas for future research. These insights will help to design studies that are able to explore the role of MHC-II and the microbiota in the behavior of wild populations in their natural environment and consequently propel this research area forward.</p>
Data from: The complexity of background clutter affects nectar bat use of flower odor and shape cues
Given their small size and high metabolism, nectar bats need to be able to quickly locate flowers during foraging bouts. Chiropterophilous plants depend on these bats for their reproduction, thus they also benefit if their flowers can be easily located, and we would expect that floral traits such as odor and shape have evolved to maximize detection by bats. However, relatively little is known about the importance of different floral cues during foraging bouts. In the present study, we undertook a set of flight cage experiments with two species of nectar bats (Anoura caudifer and A. geoffroyi) and artificial flowers to compare the importance of shape and scent cues in locating flowers. In a training phase, a bat was presented an artificial flower with a given shape and scent, whose position was constantly shifted to prevent reliance on spatial memory. In the experimental phase, two flowers were presented, one with the training-flower scent and one with the training-flower shape. For each experimental repetition, we recorded which flower was located first, and then shifted flower positions. Additionally, experiments were repeated in a simple environment, without background clutter, or a complex environment, with a background of leaves and branches. Results demonstrate that bats visit either flower indiscriminately with simple backgrounds, with no significant difference in terms of whether they visit the training-flower odor or training-flower shape first. However, in a complex background olfaction was the most important cue; scented flowers were consistently located first. This suggests that for well-exposed flowers, without obstruction from clutter, vision and/or echolocation are sufficient in locating them. In more complex backgrounds, nectar bats depend more heavily on olfaction during foraging bouts.
Data from: Behavioral evidence for fruit odor discrimination and sympatric host races of Rhagoletis pomonella flies in the western United States
The recent shift of Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae) from its native host downy hawthorn, Crataegus mollis, to introduced domesticated apple, Malus domestica, in the eastern U.S. is a model for sympatric host race formation. However, the fly is also present in the western U.S., where it may have been introduced via infested apples within the last 60 years. In addition to apple, R. pomonella also infests two hawthorns in the West, one the native black hawthorn, C. douglasii, and the other the introduced English ornamental hawthorn, C. monogyna. Here, we test for behavioral evidence of host races in the western U.S. through flight tunnel assays of western R. pomonella flies to host fruit volatile blends. We report that western apple, black hawthorn, and ornamental hawthorn flies showed significantly increased levels of upwind directed flight to their respective natal compared to non-natal fruit volatile blends, consistent with host race status. We discuss the implications of the behavioral results for the origin(s) of western R. pomonella, including the possibility that western apple flies were not introduced, but may represent a recent shift from local hawthorn fly populations.
Data from: Odor is linked to adrenocortical function and male ornament size in a colonial seabird
Crested auklets (Aethia cristatella), colonial seabirds of Alaska and Siberia, emit a citrus-like odorant from wick-like feathers. We examined whether the odorant emission is linked to adrenocortical function and correlated with size of the crest feather ornament. Conventional signals like the size of crest ornament are inexpensive to produce and thus may be prone to deception. However, assessment signals such as the odorant could be more reliable if they impose costs and more proximate since they are continually produced. This may be the case for the crested auklet's volatile aldehyde odorant. The signal is composed of highly volatile chemicals that appear to be products of fatty acid metabolism. Adrenocortical function helps to mobilize endogenous resources for metabolism. Elevation of corticosterone may be needed to sustain a reliable chemical signal, but there are physiological costs for prolonged elevation of circulating corticosterone. We predicted that higher odorant emissions would be correlated with larger crest ornaments. Furthermore, we predicted that odorant emissions would be linked to adrenocortical response. Octanal, the most abundant compound in the citrus-like odorant, was positively correlated with crest size in males, and adrenocortical response explained 42% of the variation in octanal emissions, after controlling for stage of the breeding period. Adrenocortical response was positively correlated with octanal emissions (rs = 0.57) in females. We conclude that dominant individuals with greater capacity to mount a more robust stress response may have greater capacity to sustain odorant secretions.
Data from: Antennal transcriptome analysis and expression profiles of odorant binding proteins in Eogystia hippophaecolus (Lepidoptera: Cossidae)
Background: Eogystia hippophaecolus (Hua et al.) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) is the major threat to seabuckthorn plantations in China. Specific and highly efficient artificial sex pheromone traps was developed and used to control it. However, the molecular basis for the pheromone recognition is not known. So we established the antennal transcriptome of E. hippophaecolus and characterized the expression profiles of odorant binding proteins. These results establish and improve the basis knowledge of the olfactory receptive system, furthermore provide a theoretical basis for the development of new pest control method. Results: We identified 29 transcripts encoding putative odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 18 putative chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 63 odorant receptors (ORs), 13 gustatory receptors (GRs), 12 ionotropic receptors (IRs), and two sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). Based on phylogenetic analysis, we found one Orco and three pheromone receptors of E. hippophaecolus and found that EhipGR13 detects sugar, EhipGR11 and EhipGR3 detect bitter. Nine OBPs expression profile indicated that most were the highest expression in antennae, consistent with functions of OBPs in binding and transporting odors during the antennal recognition process. OBP6 was external expressed in male genital-biased in, and this locus may be responsible for pheromone binding and recognition as well as mating. OBP1 was the highest and biased expressed in the foot and may function as identification of host plant volatiles. Conclusions: One hundred thirty-seven chemosensory proteins were identified and the accurate functions and groups of part proteins were obtained by phylogenetic analysis. The most OBPs were antenna-biased expressed, which are involved in antennal recognition. However, few OBP was detected biased expression in the foot and external genitalia, and these loci may function in pheromone recognition, mating, and the recognition of plant volatiles.
Detection of prey odors underpins dietary specialization in a Neotropical top-predator: how army ants find their ant prey
<p>1. Deciphering the mechanisms that underpin dietary specialization and niche partitioning is crucial to understanding the maintenance of biodiversity. New world army ants live in species-rich assemblages throughout the Neotropics and are voracious predators of other arthropods. They are therefore an important and potentially informative group for addressing how diverse predator assemblages partition available prey resources. 2. New World army ants are largely specialist predators of other ants, with each species specializing on different ant genera. However, the mechanisms of prey choice are unknown. In this study, we addressed whether the army ant Eciton hamatum: 1) can detect potential prey odors, 2) can distinguish between odors of prey and non-prey, and 3) can differentiate between different types of odors associated with its prey. 3. Using field experiments, we tested the response of army ants to the following four odor treatments: alarm odors, dead ants, live ants, and nest material. Each treatment had a unique combination of odor sources and included some movement in two of the treatments (alarm and live ants). Odor treatments were tested for both prey and non-prey ants. These data were used to determine the degree to which E. hamatum are using specific prey stimuli to detect potential prey and direct their foraging. 4. Army ants responded strongly to odors derived from prey ants, which triggered both increased localized recruitment and slowed advancement of the raid as they targeted the odor source. Odors from non-prey ants were largely ignored. Additionally, the army ants had the strongest response to the nest material of their preferred prey, with progressively weaker responses across the live ant, dead ant, and alarm odors treatments, respectively. 5. This study reveals that the detection of prey odors, and especially the most persistent odors related to the prey's nest, provides a mechanism for dietary specialization in army ants. If ubiquitous across the Neotropical army ants, then this olfaction-based ecological specialization may facilitate patterns of resource partitioning and coexistence in these diverse predator communities. 08-Jan-2020</p>
Data from: The origin of the odorant receptor gene family in insects
The origin of the insect odorant receptor (OR) gene family has been hypothesized to have coincided with the evolution of terrestriality in insects. Missbach et al. (2014) suggested that ORs instead evolved with an ancestral OR co-receptor (Orco) after the origin of terrestriality and the OR/Orco system is an adaptation to winged flight in insects. We investigated genomes of the Collembola, Diplura, Archaeognatha, Zygentoma, Odonata, and Ephemeroptera, and find ORs present in all insect genomes but absent from lineages predating the evolution of insects. Orco is absent only in the ancestrally wingless insect lineage Archaeognatha. Our new genome sequence of the zygentoman firebrat Thermobia domestica reveals a full OR/Orco system. We conclude that ORs evolved before winged flight, perhaps as an adaptation to terrestriality, representing a key evolutionary novelty in the ancestor of all insects, and hence a molecular synapomorphy for the Class Insecta.
Data from: Odor diversity decreases with inbreeding in the ant Hypoponera opacior
Reduction in heterozygosity can lead to inbreeding depression. This loss of genetic variability especially affects diverse loci, such as immune genes or those encoding recognition cues. In social insects, nestmates are recognized by their odor, i.e. their cuticular hydrocarbon profile. Genes underlying hydrocarbon production are thought to be under balancing selection. If so, inbreeding should result in a loss of chemical diversity. We show here that cuticular hydrocarbon diversity decreases with inbreeding. Studying an ant with a facultative inbreeding lifestyle we found inbred workers to exhibit both a lower number of hydrocarbons and less diverse, that is, less evenly-proportioned profiles. The association with inbreeding was strong for methyl-branched alkanes, which play a major role in nestmate recognition, and for n-alkanes, whereas unsaturated compounds were unaffected. Shifts in allocation strategies with inbreeding in our focal species indicate that these ants can detect their inbreeding level and use this information to adjust their reproductive strategy. Our study is the first to demonstrate that odor profiles can encode information on inbreeding, with broad implications not only for social insects, but for sexual selection and mate choice in general. Odor profiles may constitute an honest signal of inbreeding, a fitness-relevant trait in many species.
Data from: Sharing an environment with sick conspecifics alters odors of healthy animals
Body odors change with health status and the odors of sick animals can induce avoidance behaviors in healthy conspecifics. Exposure to sickness odors might also alter the physiology of healthy conspecifics and modify the odors they produce. We hypothesized that exposure to odors of sick (but non-infectious) animals would alter the odors of healthy cage mates. To induce sickness, we injected mice with a bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide. We used behavioral odor discrimination assays and analytical chemistry techniques followed by predictive classification modeling to ask about differences in volatile odorants produced by two types of healthy mice: those cohoused with healthy conspecifics and those cohoused with sick conspecifics. Mice trained in Y-maze behavioral assays to discriminate between the odors of healthy versus sick mice also discriminated between the odors of healthy mice cohoused with sick conspecifics and odors of healthy mice cohoused with healthy conspecifics. Chemical analyses paired with statistical modeling revealed a parallel phenomenon. Urine volatiles of healthy mice cohoused with sick partners were more likely to be classified as those of sick rather than healthy mice based on discriminant model predictions. Sickness-related odors could have cascading effects on neuroendocrine or immune responses of healthy conspecifics, and could affect individual behaviors, social dynamics, and pathogen spread.
Data from: Social foraging extends associative odor-food memory expression in an automated learning assay for Drosophila melanogaster
<p>Animals socially interact during foraging and share information about the quality and location of food sources. The mechanisms of social information transfer during foraging have been mostly studied at the behavioral level, and its underlying neural mechanisms are largely unknown. Fruit flies have become a model for studying the neural bases of social information transfer, because they provide a large genetic toolbox to monitor and manipulate neuronal activity, and they show a rich repertoire of social behaviors. Fruit flies aggregate, they use social information for choosing a suitable mating partner and oviposition site, and they show better aversive learning when in groups. However, the effects of social interactions on associative odor–food learning have not yet been investigated. Here, we present an automated learning and memory assay for walking flies that allows the study of the effect of group size on social interactions and on the formation and expression of associative odor–food memories. We found that both inter-fly attraction and the duration of odor–food memory expression increase with group size. This study opens up opportunities to investigate how social interactions during foraging are relayed in the neural circuitry of learning and memory expression.</p>
Data from: Odor alters color preference in a foraging jumping spider
In many prey taxa with aposematic coloration, prey defenses also involve signals in other modalities (odors, sounds, etc.), yet the selective forces that have driven multimodality in warning displays are not well understood. One potential hypothesis that has recently received support in the avian literature (but has yet to be examined in invertebrates) is that different signal components may interact synergistically, such that one component of a signal (odor) may trigger a predator's aversion to another component of a signal (color). Here we gave jumping spiders (Habronattus trimaculatus) the choice between red or black prey (artificially-colored termites) in either the presence or absence of odor from the chemically-defended coreid bug (Acanthocephala femorata). When the odor was present, spiders were more likely to avoid the color red compared with when the odor was absent. Interestingly, this pattern only held up when the odor was novel; subsequent exposure to the odor had no effect on color preference. Moreover, this pattern only held for the color red (a color typically used as a warning color and often paired with odor). We replicated this experiment giving spiders the choice between green or black prey, and found that the presence of the odor had no effect on the spiders' responses to the color green. We discuss these findings in the context of predator psychology and the evolution of prey coloration.
Supplementary material 5 from: Li S-Z, Chen J-J, Su H-J, Liu J, Tang X-J, Wang B (2024) A new odorous frog species of Odorrana (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1192: 57-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114315
Maximum likelihood (ML) tree of the genus Odorrana reconstructed based on the 12S rRNA gene sequences
Supplementary material 1 from: Li S-Z, Chen J-J, Su H-J, Liu J, Tang X-J, Wang B (2024) A new odorous frog species of Odorrana (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1192: 57-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114315
Measurements of the adult specimens of Odorrana leishanensis sp. nov., O. hejiangensis, O. huanggangensis, O. ichangensis, O. kweichowensis, O. schmackeri, and O. wuchuanensis
Supplementary material 6 from: Li S-Z, Chen J-J, Su H-J, Liu J, Tang X-J, Wang B (2024) A new odorous frog species of Odorrana (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 1192: 57-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114315
Maximum likelihood (ML) tree of the genus Odorrana reconstructed based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences
Data for: A neural correlate of individual odor preference in Drosophila
<p>Data associated with: A neural correlate of individual odor preference in <em>Drosophila</em></p> <p>Abstract: Behavior varies even among genetically identical animals raised in the same environment. However, little is known about the circuit or anatomical origins of this individuality. Here, we demonstrate a neural correlate of <em>Drosophila</em> odor preference behavior in the olfactory sensory periphery. Namely, idiosyncratic calcium responses in projection neuron (PN) dendrites and densities of the presynaptic protein Bruchpilot in olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) axon terminals correlate with individual preferences in a choice between two aversive odorants. The ORN-PN synapse appears to be a locus of individuality where microscale variation gives rise to idiosyncratic behavior. Simulating microscale stochasticity in ORN-PN synapses of a 3,062 neuron model of the antennal lobe recapitulates patterns of variation in PN calcium responses matching experiments. Conversely, stochasticity in other compartments of this circuit does not recapitulate those patterns. Our results demonstrate how physiological and microscale structural circuit variations can give rise to individual behavior, even when genetics and environment are held constant.</p>
Predicting the crossmodal correspondences of odors using an electronic nose
<p>Odour Recordings</p> <p>There are 100 recordings in total of 10 different essential oils; five were from Mystic Moments™ (caramel, cherry, coffee, freshly cut grass, and pine) and five from Miaroma™ (black pepper, lavender, lemon, orange, and peppermint).<br> Each recording is 10 minutes in duration (600 seconds). Columns in each of the .csv files are in the following order: time, air quality, pollution level, temperature, pressure, humidity, gas, MQ3, MQ5, MQ9, and HCHO. The file's name denotes the odour being recorded and the record number (1 - 10).<br> For more information, please view the publication - R.J. Ward, S. Rahman, S.M. Wuerger, A. Marshall, Predicting the crossmodal correspondences of odors using an electronic nose, Heliyon.</p> <p>Perceptual Data </p> <p>The underlying perceptual data used from R.J. Ward, S.M. Wuerger, A. Marshall, Smelling Sensations: Olfactory Crossmodal Correspondences, J. Percept. Imaging. 4 (2021) 1–12. https://doi.org/10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2021.4.2.020402.<br> The data used from the later paper is the (angularity of shapes, smoothness of texture, perceived pleasantness, pitch, and the colour ratings in L*a*b* space).</p> <p>Each file contains the raw perceptual ratings for the ten different odours (columns) from sixty-eight different participants (rows) in the following order: black pepper, caramel, cherry, coffee, freshly cut grass, lavender, lemon, orange, peppermint, and pine.<br> NOTE: the pitch ratings only contain data from sixy participants due to it being added to the experiment at a later date.</p> <p>The folder regression models contains the required MATLAB code to train and test the regression models for predicting the crossmodal correspondences of odors using physicochemical data.</p> <p>The folder raw perceptual data contains the raw unprocessed perceptual data in .csv format.</p> <p>The folder e-nose code contains the code to drive the Arduino circuit and additional libraries required by the sensors.</p> <p>The folder e-nose recorder contains a Unity project and code to receive the UDP packets from the e-nose and log them.</p> <p><br> If you use this data please cite the following papers;</p> <p>Perceptual Data<br> R.J. Ward, S.M. Wuerger, A. Marshall, Smelling Sensations: Olfactory Crossmodal Correspondences, J. Percept. Imaging. 4 (2021) 1–12. https://doi.org/10.2352/j.percept.imaging.2021.4.2.020402</p> <p>Chemical Data<br> R. Ward, S. Rahman, S. Wuerger, A. Marshall, Predicting the colour associated with odours using an electronic nose, in: 1st Work. Multisensory Exp. - SensoryX’21, 2021: pp. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5753/sensoryx.2021.15683.<br> R.J. Ward, S. Rahman, S.M. Wuerger, A. Marshall, Predicting the crossmodal correspondences of odors using an electronic nose, Heliyon, (under review as of file upload).</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.