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2,649 results for “Optical”
Transmission of optical analog signals with 16QAM modulation scheme using a 5GHz RF carrier signal
<p>The specific data sets correspond to the transmission experiments carried out in laboratory settings to assess the performance of an analog optical link. The optical link is based on a commercial InP Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) with approximately 25GHz 3-dB bandwidth, which modulates the CW signal of a DFB laser diode at 1560 nm. The electrical signals driving the modulator were generated using a arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) with 20GHz analog bandwidth and 65GSa/s sampling rate (Keysight M8195A). Electrical 16QAM signals at 1GBaud having a 5GHz RF carrier and utilizing Raised Cosine pulse shaping filters were used to feed the MZM. The detection of the back-to-back signals was realized by means of a single 40GHz photodiode. The signals were acquired, sampled and stored using Agilent Infinium DSO-X93304Q 33GHz, 80GSa/s real time oscilloscope.</p> <p>The data sets have the name format of "ModulatorType_ModulationFormat_RFcarierFrequency_SignalBandwidth_FIlterType_Roll-offFactor_OpticalReceivedPower_#of run.bin" . As an example "MZM_16QAM_5GHz_1Gbaud_RC_035_-3dbm_run0.bin".</p> <p>For each experimental set two instances were captured "run0, run1" in a slightly different time.</p>
Data supporting 3D Super-resolution Optical Fluctuation Imaging with Temporal Focusing with two-photon excitation
<p>Data to support the publication combining temporal focusing two photon excitation with super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging.</p> <div>This research was funded by National Centre of Science, grant number: 2022/47/B/ST7/03465. For the purpose of Open Access, the author has applied a</div> <div>CC-BY public copyright licence to any author Accepted Manuscript (AAM) version arising from this submission</div>
[Data] Qualify-As-You-Go: Sensor Fusion of Optical and Acoustic Signatures with Contrastive Deep Learning for Multi-Material Composition Monitoring in Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process
<p><br>Growing demand for multi-material Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) faces process control and quality monitoring challenges, particularly in ensuring precise material composition. This study explores optical and acoustic emission signals during LPBF processes with multiple materials, addressing challenges in process control and ensuring accurate material composition. Experimental data from processing five powder compositions were collected using a custombuilt monitoring system in a commercial LPBF machine. The research categorised signals from LPBF processing various compositions, enhancing prediction accuracy by combining optical with acoustic data and training convolutional neural networks using contrastive learning. Latent spaces of trained models using two contrastive loss functions, clustered acoustic and optical<br>emissions based on similarities, aligning with five compositions. Contrastive learning and sensor fusion were found to be essential for monitoring LPBF processes involving multiple materials. This research advances the understanding of multi-material LPBF, highlighting sensor fusion strategies’ potential for improving quality control in additive manufacturing. Data set for this work is hosted here</p>
Dataset: Intercomparison of flux, gradient, and variance-based optical turbulence ($C_n^2$) parameterizations
<p>This repository contains the dataset for the manuscript</p> <p>Pierzyna, M, et al. "Intercomparison of flux, gradient, and variance-based optical turbulence (Cn2) parameterizations." <em>Applied Optics</em>, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.519942">https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.519942</a></p> <p>The data is organized in the following structure:</p> <ul> <li>`met_cn2_*_10m.nc`: netCDF files containing Cn2 estimated from meteorological data obtained at the CESAR site<br> using the flux-based and gradient-based methods at the 10 m level.</li> <li>`wrf_cn2_*.nc`: netCDF files containing Cn2 estimated from WRF model output using the variance-based method (80m)<br> and flux, gradient, and variance-based methods (10m).</li> <li>`wrf_meteo_*.nc`: netCDF files containing a cross-section of CESAR site extracted from WRF model output. This data<br> serves as input for `wrf_cn2_*.nc` files.</li> </ul>
Surface inherent optical properties and phytoplankton pigment concentrations from the Atlantic Meridional Transect (2009 - 2019): NetCDF format
<p>This dataset is a compilation of particulate inherent optical properties (IOPs) and co-incident high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) phytoplankton pigment concentrations measured underway on nine Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) cruises. The time period of data collection is 2009 - 2019, between Sep-Nov within each year, with measurements collected between approximately 50 degrees South to 50 degrees North. A separate netCDF file is provided for each cruise (AMT 19, and AMT 22-29), including particulate IOPs (absorption, scattering, beam attenuation), pigment concentrations, and associated metadata.</p> <p>A manuscript containing a full description of the dataset, including associated code, will soon be submitted to Earth System Science Data. A Jupytper notebook illustrating data access is provided at: https://github.com/tjor/AMT_ACSpaperplots/blob/main/AMT_DataAccess.ipynb.</p> <p>The data are also released in SeaBASS format: https://seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/PML/AMT</p>
Data set: UAS-based optical- and thermal infrared remote sensing of the fumarole field of La Fossa cone, Vulcano Island (Italy), reveals the degassing and hydrothermal alteration structure
<p>This is the data set supporting the paper "Anatomy of a fumarole field; drone remote sensing and petrological approaches reveal the degassing and alteration structure at La Fossa cone, Vulcano Island, Italy" (DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1692" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">10.5194/egusphere-2023-1692</a>).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Short description of the study:</strong> Hydrothermal alteration is common on actively degassing volcanoes and can lead to significant changes in the physical and chemical properties of the volcanic rocks, such as changes in permeability or rock strength. Despite the potentially far-reaching consequences of hydrothermal alteration for volcano stability, less is known about the detailed structures and dynamics of degassing and alteration systems. In this study, we use UAS-derived high-resolution data to analyze the fumarole field at La Fossa cone, Vulcano Island (Italy), aiming to better understand the structures and dynamics of volcanic degassing and alteration systems. By combining Principal Component Analysis, image analysis, and classification applied to high-resolution optical data and analysis of thermal infrared data, we resolve the detailed structure of the surficial degassing and alteration system based on optical and thermal anomalies. We identified characteristic anomaly patterns that indicate local degassing and alteration variability, and larger units of diffuse activity that, next to high-temperature fumaroles, contribute significantly to the total activity. We compared the observed anomaly patterns with the mineralogical and geochemical composition of representative rock samples, and with the surface degassing activity, and are able to provide the anatomy of the La Fossa fumarole field at great resolution. We show local alteration gradients, the presence of larger diffuse active complexes, and evidence for dynamic processes associated with the hydrothermal alteration. For more details, please read on: "<em>Müller, D., Walter, T. R., Troll, V. R., Stammeier, J., Karlsson, A., De Paolo, E., ... & De Jarnatt, B. (2023). Anatomy of a fumarole field; drone remote sensing and petrological approaches reveal the degassing and alteration structure at La Fossa cone, Vulcano Island, Italy. EGUsphere, 2023, 1-45. </em> https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1692".</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Data set:</strong> We provide a UAS-based high-resolution dataset covering the whole La Fossa cone, including aerial Orthomosaic, Digital Elevation Model, and a Temperature Map derived from an airborne optical- and thermal infrared sensor (acquired in 2018 and 2019). </p> <p>The dataset is organized in 1) photogrammetric data, and 2) relevant processing results and related data. <strong>Filenames</strong> are written in bold letters and are a composite of the file type and the date (YYYYMMDD). </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>1) Photogrammetric data: </strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Orthomosaic_20191114.tif</strong> is the in Agisoft Metashape processed orthomosaic of a 150 m (above fumarole field) optical overflight (DJI Phantom 4 Pro camera). </li> <li><strong>DigitalElevationModel_20191114.tif</strong> is the in Agisoft Metashape processed Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from the above-mentioned 150 m overflight. </li> <li><strong>Hillshade_20191114.tif</strong> is the 2.5-D representation of the DigitalElevationModel_20191114. Note, for viewing use a stretched (black to white) color scale.</li> <li><strong>TemperatureMap_20181115.tif</strong> is showing the apparent surface temperature for the La Fossa cone, acquired by a Flir Tau 2 thermal infrared camera at ~150 m (above fumarole field) flight altitude in the early morning hours (before sunrise) of 15 November 2018. Note that apparent temperatures shown may underestimate real in situ fumarole temperatures due to pixel-to-vent size ratios and atmospheric- or gas-plume distortion effects. Note further that the data has some processing artifacts, due to blind pixels of our IR camera system. For more detailed information or an updated data set please contact dmueller@gfz-potsdam.de.</li> <li><strong>T_20to40C.tif</strong> shows the diffuse thermally active surface at the fumarole field of the La Fossa cone (units a-g, see Fig. 4 in "Anatomy of a fumarole field...", https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1692). This raster shows the extracted pixels from TemperatureMap_20181115 in the range of 22 - 40 °C.</li> <li><strong>T_higher40C.tif</strong> outlines the high-temperature fumarole locations of the La Fossa fumarole field (HTF, see Fig. 4 in "Anatomy of a fumarole field...", https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1692), based on the extracted pixels with temperatures > 40 °C from TemperatureMap_20181115.</li> </ul> <p>Shapefiles for temperatures > 40 °C representing the high-temperature fumarole locations (HTF) and for temperatures of 20 - 40 °C representing diffuse active units, are attached at the end of the upload list and named <strong>T_higher40C_polygon</strong> and <strong>T_20_40C_polygon</strong> and consist of multiple files per shapefile with the file extensions .CPG, .dbf, .prj, .sbn, .sbx, .shp, .shp.xml, .shx. </p> <p>The coordinate system of the data sets is WGS84 EPSG:4326. For nadir projection use WGS 84 / UTM zone 33N - EPSG:32633. Note that the data might have horizontal and vertical offsets in the typical range of SfM-derived products with single-band GPS accuracy.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>2) Relevant processing steps and related data:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Step 1) Principal Component Analysis applied to Orthomosaic_20191114 results in the following 3 Principal Components (decorrelated variance representations of the initial RGB bands): <ul> <li><strong>1_PCA_PC1.tif </strong>1st principal component </li> <li><strong>1_PCA_PC2.tif</strong> 2nd principal component</li> <li><strong>1_PCA_PC3.tif</strong> 3rd principal component - highlights well the effects of concentrated and diffuse degassing, resulting in different alteration effects from a simple shift from reddish oxidized surface to gray, up to strong silicic alteration effects. This can be used to extract the data of interest, the hydrothermally altered surface, and to create a new alteration sub-dataset. </li> </ul> </li> <li>Step 2) Extraction of hydrothermally altered surface / alteration sub-dataset <ul> <li><strong>2_alteration_subdata_RGB.tif</strong> The alteration sub-data set was extracted from the original Orthomosaic_20191114 based on a mask obtained from Principal Component 3 (1_PCA_PC3) for values > 85. The resulting raster data set is an extract of the original RGB data.</li> </ul> </li> <li>Step 3) PCA applied to 2_alteration_subdata_RGB will adjust to the reduced spectral range of the alteration sub-data set, provide a more sensitive variance representation, and highlight variability within the hydrothermally altered surface. <ul> <li><strong>3_PCA_PC1.tif</strong> 1st principal component of 2_alteration_subdata_RGB</li> <li><strong>3_PCA_PC2.tif</strong> 2nd principal component of 2_alteration_subdata_RGB</li> <li><strong>3_PCA_PC3.tif</strong> 3rd principal component of 2_alteration_subdata_RGB</li> </ul> </li> <li>Step 4) Unsupervised classification <ul> <li><strong>4_classification.tif</strong> is the unsupervised classification result of 3_PCA (all Principal Components), classified into 32 classes to achieve a high class resolution. When combining different classes, they form larger spatial units / surface types with similar spectral characteristics. This way, we divide the alteration surface into 3 surface types (see Fig. 4B in "Anatomy of a fumarole field..." DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-2023-1692) representing different alteration gradients and important structural units. To achieve the same results, combine classes 1 -19 (surface type 3), 20 - 25 (surface type 2), 26 - 30 (surface type 1), and 31 - 32 for sulfur/fumarole plume. See Image <strong>optical_structure.jpg</strong> for comparison. </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Note that Principal Components and Classification of Principal Components highlight data variability along the axes of highest data variance. Results have to be evaluated carefully and may be valid only locally. They are efficient for identifying variability in degassing and alteration areas, but at the same time may also highlight certain fractions of vegetation or settlements for instance. We evaluated the structure defined by our classification results by analyzing the thermal structure (<strong>thermal_structure.jpg</strong>) of the fumarole field and additional geochemical- and mineralogical investigations (XRD and XRF) of rock samples and by measuring the diffuse degassing from surface (see "Anatomy of a fumarole field..." DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-2023-1692) to prove that the observed degassing/alteration units are true.</p> <p>To highlight alteration effects throughout the entire La Fossa cone, including the southern inner and outer crater rim, the alteration zones of La Forgia, or alteration on the outer flanks of La Fossa e.g. the 1988 Landslide, we provide the raster <strong>La_Fossa_alteration.tif </strong>and image <strong>La_Fossa_alteration.jpg (</strong>Note that the color scale for strong alteration (classes 31 - 32) was changed from white to purple for highlighting purpose).</p> <p> </p> <p>In case of further questions about the dataset, please contact dmueller@gfz-potsdam.de.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data: Homochiral metal-organic frameworks coated double-plasmon active optical fiber for in-situ enantioselective detection
<p>This dataset is focused on utilization of optical fiber with double-plasmon activity (ensured by a spatially separated gold and silver nanocoating of the fiber core) and subsequent surface grafting by HMOFs for enantioselective capture of organic enantiomers.</p>
Acunex intraocular lens Zernike coefficients measured with a NIMO device for several optical zone diameters
<p>Zernike coefficient values obtained in vitro with a NIMO device for the Acunex family of intraocular lenses, both monofocal and multifocal, for three nominal powers (+10, +20, +30) for several optical zone diameters</p>
Weakly Supervised Learning for Industrial Optical Inspection
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>In the following, we present a synthetic benchmark corpus for detect detection on statistically textured surfaces.We hope that it facilitates to further develop and benchmark classification algorithms for applications of industrial optical inspection. All data is publicly available and can be downloaded from this page.</p> <p><strong>Competition at DAGM 2007 symposium</strong></p> <p>The <a href="https://www.dagm.de/">DAGM (Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Mustererkennung e.V., German chapter of the IAPR (International Association for Pattern Recognition))</a> and the <a href="http://www.gnns.de/">GNSS (German Chapter of the European Neural Network Society)</a> offered an open competition on <em>Weakly Supervised Learning for Industrial Optical Inspection</em> held as part of the DAGM symposium in 2007.<br><br>The competition was inspired by the fact that automated optical inspection allows to reduce the cost of industrial quality control significantly. The competitors had to design a classification algorithm which:</p> <ul> <li>detects miscellaneous defects on various statistically textured backgrounds.</li> <li>learns to discern defects automatically from a weakly labelled training data.</li> <li>works on data whose exact characteristics are unknown at development time.</li> <li>adapts all parameters automatically and does not require any human intervention.</li> <li>has a moderate running time (in this competition 24 hours for training and 12 hours for the test phase).</li> <li>takes into account asymmetric costs for false positive and false negative decisions (1:20 was used for the competition).</li> </ul> <p><strong>Data description</strong></p> <p>Preview Image: <a href="../api/iiif/record:12750201:examples_small.jpg/full/!800,800/0/default.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://zenodo.org/api/iiif/record:12750201:examples_small.jpg/full/!800,800/0/default.jpg</a></p> <p>The data is artificially generated, but similar to real world problems. The first six out of ten datasets, denoted as development datasets, are supposed to be used for algorithm development. The remaining four datasets, which are referred to as competition datasets, can be used to evaluate the performance. Researchers should consider not using or analyzing the competition datasets before the development is completed as a code of honour.<br>In the following we provide some details about the datasets:</p> <ul> <li>Each development (competition) dataset consists of 1000 (2000) 'non-defective' and of 150 (300) 'defective' images saved in grayscale 8-bit PNG format.</li> <li>Each dataset is generated by a different texture model and defect model.</li> <li>'Non-defective' images show the background texture without defects, 'defective' images have exactly one labelled defect on the background texture.</li> <li>All datasets has been randomly split into a training and testing sub-dataset of equal size.</li> <li>Weak labels are provided as ellipses roughly indicating the defective area. Technically, defective images are augmented with a separate grayscale 8-bit image in the PNG format located in a folder 'Label'. The values 0 and 255 denote background and defective area, respectively.</li> </ul> <p>All meta-data is subsumed in a separate ASCII textfile called 'Labels.txt' which is located in the 'Label' folder. The structure is as follows:<br>1 \n<br>[id of item no. 1] \t [0 if non-defective, 1 if defective] \t [filename of raw image no. 1] \t 0 \t [filename of label image no. 1 if defective, 0 otherwise] \n<br>...<br>[id of item no. N] \t [0 if non-defective, 1 if defective] \t [filename of raw image no. N] \t 0 \t [filename of label image no. N if defective, 0 otherwise] \n</p>
Supplementary dataset to the publication "Bi, S., and Hieronymi, M. (2024). Holistic optical water type classification for ocean, coastal, and inland waters. Limnology & Oceanography"
<p>The NetCDF data files contain the training dataset used to develop the Optical Water Type (OWT) framework proposed by Bi and Hieronymi (2024). The dataset is available in two spectral versions:</p> <p> 1. <code>owt_BH2024_training_data_hyper.nc</code>: This file includes training data with a spectral resolution of 2 nm, ranging from 400 to 900 nm.<br> 2. <code>owt_BH2024_training_data_olci.nc</code>: This file contains data formatted similarly to the hyperspectral version but aligned with the nominal Sentinel-3 OLCI wavebands.</p> <h2>Contents of the Dataset</h2> <p>For each version, the dataset includes spectral inherent and apparent optical properties such as:</p> <p> • Remote Sensing Reflectance (Rrs)<br> • Pure Water Absorption (aw)<br> • Absorption Coefficient of Detritus (ad)<br> • Total Absorption Coefficient without Pure Water (agp)<br> • Absorption Coefficient of Phytoplankton (aph)<br> • Backscattering Coefficient of Total Particulate Matter (bbp)<br> • Scattering Coefficient of Total Particulate Matter (bp)<br> • Scattering Coefficient of Pure Water (bw)</p> <p>Additionally, the dataset includes various environmental and biological parameters:</p> <p> • Chlorophyll a Concentration (Chl)<br> • Inorganic Suspended Matter Concentration (ISM)<br> • Colored Dissolved Organic Matter Absorption at 440 nm (ag440)<br> • Single-Scattering Albedo of Detritus at 550 nm (A_d)<br> • Power Law Exponent of Detritus Attenuation (G_d)<br> • Water Salinity (Sal)<br> • Water Temperature (Temp)<br> • Fraction for Diminished Coccolithophore Absorption (a_frac)<br> • Fraction of Coccolithophore Group (cocco_frac)</p> <h2>Optical Water Types</h2> <p>The training dataset includes 10 pre-defined optical water types, with 10,000 samples for each type. Detailed descriptions of these water types can be found in Table 1 of Bi and Hieronymi (2024) or as follows,</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>OWT</td> <td>Desciption</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Extremely clear and oligotrophic indigo-blue waters with high reflectance in the short visible wavelengths.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>Blue waters with similar biomass level as OWT 1 but with slightly higher detritus and CDOM content.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>3a</td> <td>Turquoise waters with slightly higher phytoplankton, detritus, and CDOM compared to the first two types.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>3b</td> <td>A special case of OWT 3a with similar detritus and CDOM distribution but with strong scattering and little absorbing particles like in the case of Coccolithophore blooms. This type usually appears brighter and exhibits a remarkable ~490 nm reflectance peak.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4a</td> <td>Greenish water found in coastal and inland environments, with higher biomass compared to the previous water types. Reflectance in short wavelengths is usually depressed by the absorption of particles and CDOM.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4b</td> <td>A special case of OWT 4a, sharing similar detritus and CDOM distribution, exhibiting phytoplankton blooms with higher scattering coefficients, e.g., Coccolithophore bloom. The color of this type shows a very bright green.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5a</td> <td>Green eutrophic water, with significantly higher phytoplankton biomass, exhibiting a bimodal reflectance shape with typical peaks at ~560 and ~709 nm.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5b</td> <td>Green hyper-eutrophic water, with even higher biomass than that of OWT 5a (over several orders of magnitude), displaying a reflectance plateau in the Near Infrared Region, NIR (vegetation-like spectrum).</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>Bright brown water with high detritus concentrations, which has a high reflectance determined by scattering.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>Dark brown to black water with very high CDOM concentration, which has low reflectance in the entire visible range and is dominated by absorption.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2>Additional Information</h2> <p>The detailed description of the data simulation can be found in the supporting information of Bi and Hieronymi (2024). The models used for simulating the data are available on GitHub:</p> <p> • Component IOP Model: <a href="https://github.com/bishun945/IOPmodel" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bio-geo-optical modelling of natural waters by Bi, Hieronymi, and Röttgers (2023)</a><br> • OWT Package: <a href="https://github.com/bishun945/pyOWT" target="_blank" rel="noopener">pyOWT</a></p> <h2>References</h2> <p> 1. OWT Framework: Bi, S., and Hieronymi, M. (2024). Holistic optical water type classification for ocean, coastal, and inland waters. Limnology & Oceanography, lno.12606. doi: 10.1002/lno.12606<br> 2. Component IOP Model: Bi, S., Hieronymi, M., and Röttgers, R. (2023). Bio-geo-optical modelling of natural waters. Front. Mar. Sci. 10, 1196352. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2023.1196352<br> 3. Pure Water IOP Model: Röttgers, R., Doerffer, R., McKee, D., and Schönfeld, W. (2016). The Water Optical Properties Processor (WOPP): Pure Water Spectral Absorption, Scattering and Real Part of Refractive Index Model. Technical Report No WOPP-ATBD/WRD6. Available at: https://calvalportal.ceos.org/tools<br> 4. Rrs Model: Lee, Z., Du, K., Voss, K. J., Zibordi, G., Lubac, B., Arnone, R., et al. (2011). An inherent-optical-property-centered approach to correct the angular effects in water-leaving radiance. Appl. Opt. 50, 3155. doi: 10.1364/AO.50.003155</p> <h2>Authors and Contact</h2> <p> • Author: Shun Bi, Martin Hieronymi, Rüdiger Röttgers<br> • Creator: Shun Bi, Shun.Bi@hereon.de</p> <h2>Example Python Code to Read Data</h2> <p>Here is an example of how to read the NetCDF data using Python and the <code>xarray</code> library:</p> <pre><code>import xarray as xr # Load the dataset data_hyper = xr.open_dataset("path_to_your_file/owt_BH2024_training_data_hyper.nc") # Print the dataset to see its structure print(data_hyper) # Access a specific variable, e.g., remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) rrs = data_hyper['Rrs'] # Plot a sample of Rrs import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # Select a sample ID, for example the first sample sample_id = 0 plt.plot(data_hyper['wavelen'], rrs[sample_id, :]) plt.xlabel('Wavelength (nm)') plt.ylabel('Rrs (1/sr)') plt.title(f'Remote Sensing Reflectance for Sample ID {sample_id}') plt.show()</code></pre>
Data of publication All-optical control of long-lived nuclear spins in rare-earth doped nanoparticles
<p>Data corresponding to the figures of the publication "All-optical control of long-lived nuclear spins in rare-earth doped nanoparticles" by D. Serrano et al. (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-04509-w). A text file describes data in each compressed folder, please refer to the publication for more details. </p>
Supplementary data for "Heterometallic perovskite-type metal-organic framework with an ammonium cation: structure, phonons, and optical response"
<p>Optimised structures of [NH<sub>4</sub>][Na<sub>0.5</sub>M<sub>0.5</sub>(COOH)<sub>3</sub>] (M = Al, Cr)</p> <p>Phonon output for [NH<sub>4</sub>][Na<sub>0.5</sub>Cr<sub>0.5</sub>(COOH)<sub>3</sub>]</p> <p>Gif of the T’(NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) mode (no. 23). The c-axis is the vertical direction.</p> <p>For further information please see the associated publication.</p>
Herschel‐ATLAS/GAMA: a census of dust in optically selected galaxies from stacking at submillimetre wavelengths
<p> </p> <p>Stacked sub-millimetre fluxes, luminosities, and derived dust masses and temperatures for GAMA galaxies...</p> <ul> <li>as a function of stellar mass, optical colour and redshift: StackResults_g-r_Mstar</li> <li>as a function of r-band absolute magnitude, optical colour and redshift: StackResults_g-r_Mr</li> </ul> <p>See readme files for full details.</p>
Data of publication Controlled size reduction of rare earth doped nanoparticles for optical quantum technologies
<p>Data corresponding to the figures of the publication " Controlled size reduction of rare earth doped nanoparticles for optical quantum technologies" by S. Liu et al. (https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2018/ra/c8ra07246a#!divAbstract). A text file describes data in each compressed folder, please refer to the publication for more details. </p>
The Global Long-term Microwave Vegetation Optical Depth Climate Archive VODCA
<p><strong>Related paper containing detailed description</strong>: <strong><a href="https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/177/2020/essd-12-177-2020.html">Moesinger et al. (2020)</a></strong></p> <p>Vegetation optical depth (VOD) describes the attenuation of radiation by plants. VOD a function of frequency as well as vegetation water content, and by extension biomass. VOD has many possible applications in studies of the biosphere, such as biomass monitoring, drought monitoring, phenology analyzes or fire risk management.</p> <p>We merged VOD observations from various spaceborne sensors (SSM/I, TMI, AMSR-E, AMSR2, WindSat) to create global long-term vod time series. Prior to aggregation the data has been rescaled to AMSR-E, removing systematic differences between them.</p> <p>There is a product for C-band (~6.9 GHz, 2002 - 2018), X-band (10.7 GHz, 1997 - 2018) and Ku-band (~19 GHz, 1987 - 2017). The data is global sampled on a regular 0.25 degrees grid. Each product is available as daily global netcdf4 files.</p> <p> </p> <p>Currently there is an issue with opening the file using ESA SNAP. As an alternative <a href="https://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/panoply/">Panoply</a> can be used to quickly visualize the data. </p> <p>An update of VODCA, addressing this issue and potentially including an extension of the dataset, is foreseen to be published on Zenodo early 2020.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Please contact us if you have any questions, problems or suggestions for improvement!</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Files:</strong></p> <ul> <li>"VODCA_C-band_2002-2018_v01.0.0.zip" (unzipped size: ~140 GB): <ul> <li>VODCA C-band files, sorted into yearly folders</li> </ul> </li> <li>"VODCA_X-band_1997-2018_v01.0.0.zip" (unzipped size: ~180 GB): <ul> <li>VODCA X-band files, sorted into yearly folders</li> </ul> </li> <li>"VODCA_Ku-band_1987-2017_v01.0.0.zip" (unzipped size: ~270 GB) : <ul> <li>VODCA Ku-band files, sorted into yearly folders</li> </ul> </li> <li>"vodca_v01-0_K-band_2007-06-01.nc" <ul> <li>sample file of the Ku-band product</li> </ul> </li> <li>"ESA-CCI-SOILMOISTURE-LAND_AND_RAINFOREST_MASK-fv04.2.nc" <ul> <li>Contains a global land mask, VODCA only has data for land locations. Source: https://github.com/TUW-GEO/smecv-grid</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p><strong>Variables of data in VODCA files:</strong></p> <ul> <li>"VOD": Unitless, Vegetation Optical Depth of the respective band</li> <li>"sensor_flag": Bit-flag indicating which sensors contributed to each observation. <ul> <li>Values: <ul> <li>1 = AMSR-E</li> <li>2 = AMSR2</li> <li>3 = SSM/I F8</li> <li>4 = SSM/I F11</li> <li>5 = SSM/I F13</li> <li>6 = TMI</li> <li>7 = WindSat</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li>"processing_flag": Bit-flag indicating irregularities during processing affecting the quality of the observations <ul> <li>Values: <ul> <li>0 = Everything is fine</li> <li>10 = AMSR-2 7.3 GHz band is used instead of 6.9 GHz</li> <li>11 = Sensor is scaled to matched TMI instead of AMSR-E</li> <li>12 = Sensor scaled without temporally overlapping observations</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li>"time"/"lon"/"lat": Dimensions of the data.</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Real-time optical and electronic sensing with a β-amino enone linked, triazine-containing 2D covalent organic framework
<p>[This repository contains the source data for the manuscript "<strong>Real-time optical and electronic sensing with a β-amino enone linked, triazine-containing 2D covalent organic framework</strong>" https://nature-research-under-consideration.nature.com/users/37265-nature-communications/posts/47951-a-real-time-optical-and-electronic-chemical-sensor-based-on-a-amino-enone-linked-triazine-containing-2d-covalent-organic-framework]</p> <p>Fully-aromatic, two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) are hailed as candidates for electronic and optical devices, yet to-date few applications emerged that make genuine use of their rational, predictive design principles and permanent pore structure. Here, we present a 2D COF made up of chemoresistant β-amino enone bridges and Lewis-basic triazine moieties that exhibits a dramatic real-time response in the visible spectrum and an increase in bulk conductivity by two orders of magnitude to a chemical trigger - corrosive HCl vapours. The optical and electronic response is fully reversible using a chemical switch (NH<sub>3</sub> vapours) or physical triggers (temperature or vacuum). These findings demonstrate a useful application of fully-aromatic 2D COFs as real-time responsive chemosensors and switches.</p>
Data of publication Coherent optical and spin spectroscopy of nanoscale Pr3+ : Y2O3
<p>Data corresponding to the figures of the publication " Coherent optical and spin spectroscopy of nanoscale Pr3+: Y2O3" by D. Serrano et al. (file:///C:/Users/diana.serrano/Zotero/storage/86IZ7H73/PhysRevB.100.html). A text file describes data in each compressed folder, please refer to the publication for more details. </p>
Surface deformation of the Mw 6.4 and Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquakes measured from subpixel correlation of Copernicus Sentinel-2 optical images
<p>Surface deformation of the Mw 6.4 and Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquakes measured from subpixel correlation of Copernicus Sentinel-2 optical images </p>
Data supporting publication: Revealing Mode Formation in Quasi-Bound States in the Continuum Metasurfaces via Near-Field Optical Microscopy
<p>This repository includes the data corresponding to the figures shown in the journal article entitledRevealing Mode Formation in Quasi-Bound States in the Continuum Metasurfaces via Near-Field Optical Microscopy, published in Advanced Materials on 02.08.2024</p>
Revealing real-time 3D in vivo pathogen dynamics in plants by label-free optical coherence tomography
<p>This repository contains all data and code underlying the publication: J. de Wit et al. "<em>Revealing real-time 3D in vivo pathogen dynamics in plants by label-free optical coherence tomography</em>" in Nature Communications (2024) (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-52594-x)</p> <p><strong>--------------Code description------------------</strong></p> <p>The set of scripts is largely organized around the figures. For each (sub)figure, also from supplementary materials, that involves data and plotting, there is a script that generates the plot from data that can be found in the different zip files that are present in the Zenodo repository under https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11428245.</p> <p>The scripts use the data that is contained in the ZIP folders. The ZIP folders are organized by experiment (Experiment 1, including contrast optimization; Experiment 2), one for the other data (OtherData, the validation for with Trypan blue, and the Arabidopsis, Radish and nematode) and one as a smaller dataset to explain the method on a single B-scan (Example_Bscan_dynamicOCT).</p> <p>IMPORTANT: The folder where the ZIP files are unzipped should be put in the file '<em>basepath.txt</em>', such that the data can be automatically loaded.</p> <p>Besides the figures that mention 'MakeFig...' there are a few more scripts:</p> <ul> <li><em>pointcloud_generation_experiment1.py</em>: this file makes the point clouds from the dynamic OCT images as described in Fig 2b. The resulting data is saved as maximum intensity projections and axial sums(forming the basis for Fig S4, S6 and S7) and as voxel counts (forming the basis of Fig.2c and Fig S5)</li> <li><em>pointcloud_generation_timelapses.py</em>: this file does the segmentation for experiment 2 and saves the maximum intensity projections and axial sums of the different stages in the segmentation (forming the basis of Fig3a,d,e and FigS9a,b), and saves the point clouds of the data. These point clouds were refined manually in CloudCompare as described in methods. These segmented point clouds are contained in the data zip folder of experiment 2.</li> <li><em>StatisticalTests.R</em>: This R file calculates the statistical tests for Fig.2cd and Fig.S5d. Here the path is not automatically updated, and should be manually set. The input file is contained in "Experiment1/SegmentationData/segmentationdata_samples.csv" and the output of the file is "D:/DataZenodo/Experiment1/SegmentationData/data_combined_Rstats_output.csv"</li> <li><em>example_dynamic_Bscan.py</em>: This script gives an example of the dynamic OCT processing as proposed in this paper. First it shows the process from an OCT interference spectrum to a B-scan. Then it loads 100 B-scans and applies dynamic OCT, including normalization with histograms. Finally it gives a dynamic B-scan and plots this against the average normal OCT image. This script can be used with only the zip folder "Example_Bscan_dynamicOCT", which reduces the amount of data needed to download/unzip.</li> </ul> <p>The list of other script files to load the data and generate the figures (guiding to the path of uncropped figures) is:</p> <ul> <li><em>MakeFig1bce_Fig2e.py</em></li> <li><em>MakeFig1d.py</em></li> <li><em>MakeFig1agraphs_FigureS1.py</em></li> <li><em>MakeFig3acde_S9ab.py</em></li> <li><em>MakeFigS2_determine_dynamic_range_experiment1.py</em></li> <li><em>MakeFigS8.py</em></li> <li><em>MakeFigureS4-S6-S7.py</em></li> <li><em>MakeFigureS5.py</em></li> <li><em>MakeHistFig2b_makeFigS3b-e.py</em></li> <li><em>MakePlotsFig2ab.py</em></li> <li><em>MakePlotsFig2cd.py</em></li> </ul> <p>Code was all run in Python 3 using Anaconda Spyder.</p> <p>Moreover, the zip file with the code contains the folder '<em>figures</em>' with all subfigures. Some of them are automatically saved from the scripts, others (like photos, icons, but also the Trypan blue microscopy figure) are added in the respective folder. The are logically organized by figure number.</p> <p><strong>--------------Dataset Description-----------------</strong></p> <p>As mentioned above, the data is organized in four zip folders for both experiments, the other data (validation with Trypan blue, other plant-pathogens) and one for the dynamic OCT B-scan example. The data contain the following:</p> <p><strong>Experiment 1: </strong></p> <ul> <li>DynamicOCTimages whose subfolders (organized by date) contain a folder per volume dataset in experiment 1 with a z-stack of .tif files that form the imaged volume. The lateral sampling is 3 um and the axial sampling is 1.37 um. </li> <li>ContrastOptimization: This folder contains <ul> <li><em>Bscans_with_segmentation</em>: segmented B-scans for contrast optimization (Fig S3)</li> <li><em>Bscan_figS1_fig1</em>: The B-scans and segementation for Figure S1.</li> <li><em>histogramdata_dynamicrange</em>: The histograms, bins and deducted reference data for determining the dynamic range per color channel for experiment 1 (Fig S2)</li> <li><em>logcompressed_3value_dOCT_example</em>: An example data stack for obtaining histograms (see script MakeFigS2_determine_dynamic_range_experiment1.py)</li> <li><em>overlaps_threshold-100-98-95-92-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45perc_red-1_2_blue_-3_0_green1_filt.npy</em>: A file with intermediate data for the contrast optimization, which can also be generated with the script "<em>MakeHistFig2b_makeFigS3b-e.py</em>"</li> </ul> </li> <li>SegmentationData: This folder contains <ul> <li><em>MIP_segmentation_stages</em>: maximum intensityp projections and axial sums for all images at different stages in the segmentation (basis for Fig S4,6,7)</li> <li><em>processed_masks and StackMasks</em>: the manually obtained masks (segmented in StackMasks, made into masks in the folder 'processed_masks') for filtering out stomata, veins and artefacts.</li> <li><em>Unmasked_axialsum_th34_formanualsegmentation</em>: This folder contains the images of Fig.S4 and were used for the segmentation (we addes a small offset, such that the in segmentation we could set it to 0 and have a unique mask). </li> <li><em>overview_samples_bremiayn.csv</em>: A dataframe with the data for all the samples in experiment 1 that is used as input for the segmentation. It also contains the result of the manual check whether it has infection (Fig2c, left).</li> <li><em>segmentationdata_samples.csv</em>: This supplements the file of overview_samples_bremiayn.csv with the results from the segmentation and is output to script "<em>pointcloud_generation_experiment1.py</em>". It forms the basis of Fig.2a-c, and FigS5, as well as for the R-script to do the statistical testing.</li> <li><em>qPCR_dOCT.csv</em>: This script contains the qPCR data and is input to Fig2d. </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p><strong>Experiment 2:</strong></p> <ul> <li><em>DynamicOCTimages</em>: This contains the z-stacks of .tif files of the volumes for experiment 2 (and one extra, where a z-slice is used in Fig.1b, bottom). Sampling step size is here again 3 um in lateral direction and 1.37 um in axial direction.</li> <li><em>.npy files </em>with the histograms (with same bins as Experiment 1), maxvalues and reference values for the dynamic range calculation.</li> <li><em>segmentation_data</em>: this folder contains: <ul> <li><em>quantification_volume_disc160_33_10.csv</em> and <em>quantification_volume_disc160_33_10.xlsx</em>: data from the manually segmented point clouds that form the basis of Fig.3c.</li> <li><em>timelapse_sampleoverview.csv</em>: overview of the samples that is used as input in the file "<em>pointcloud_generation_timelapses.py</em>"</li> <li><em>pointclouds</em>: Folder with segmented point clouds for the three leaf discs. These files could be loaded in CloudCompare.</li> <li><em>overviewMIPs</em>: folder with overview maximum intensity projections for the different steps in segmentation, which also forms the input of Fig.3a, FigS9ab.</li> <li>rawpointclouds: folder with the automatically generated point clouds from file <em>pointcloud_generation_timelapses.py </em>which were imported into CloudCompare as the basis for the segmented point clouds.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p><strong>OtherData:</strong></p> <p>This folder contains the z-stacks of dynamic OCT tif images for Arabidopsis (here both a normal contrast and one that has been increased to only contain the original 0-180 range); nematodes, radish (called radijs_test_PP_py_0002), spores for Fig1c (SporesImaging) and the dynamic OCT image of Fig1d. </p> <p><strong>example_Bscan_dynamicOCT:</strong></p> <p>This folder contains data to run the script example_dynamic_Bscan.py to show the dynamic OCT imaging process from raw OCT spectra.</p> <ul> <li><em>raw_spectra_exampleframe:</em> contains interference spectra, a reference spectrum and interpolation grid to show how to get from a raw OCT spectrum to a normal single B-scan.</li> <li><em>abs_images:</em> contains 100 subsequent B-scans that can be used to generate a dynamic OCT image as done in example_dynamic_Bscan.py</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.