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Figs 9–11 in Eniochthonius Mahunkai Sp. N. (Acari: Oribatida: Eniochthoniidae), From North American Peatlands, With A Redescription Of Eniochthonius And A Key To North American Species

Figs 9–11. Eniochthonius mahunkai sp. n., adult: 9 = subcapitulum, ventral aspect (* marks position of postpalpal setae on dorsal face); 10 = chelicera, adaxial aspect; 11 = palp, abaxial aspect. Scale

Figs 4–8 in Eniochthonius Mahunkai Sp. N. (Acari: Oribatida: Eniochthoniidae), From North American Peatlands, With A Redescription Of Eniochthonius And A Key To North American Species

Figs 4–8. Eniochthonius mahunkai sp. n., adult: 4 = leg I, femur, genu and tibia; 5 = leg I, tibia and tarsus; 6 = leg II, except trochanter; 7 = leg III; 8 = leg IV. All abaxial view; all to same scale (50 µm). Unlabeled setae include: proral pair (p) inserted dorsally at base of claws on all legs; two setae on reverse side of Fig. 5, indicated only by dotted circles: a' and tc' (respectively below and above seta a"

Figs 1–3 in Eniochthonius Mahunkai Sp. N. (Acari: Oribatida: Eniochthoniidae), From North American Peatlands, With A Redescription Of Eniochthonius And A Key To North American Species

Figs 1–3. Eniochthonius mahunkai sp. n., adult (contracted specimen): 1 = dorsal aspect; 2 = lateral aspect; 3 = ventral aspect. Legs and gnathosoma partly shown (1, 3) or omitted (2). All to same scale

Figs 51–56. Eniochthonius spp., adults. 51A in Eniochthonius Mahunkai Sp. N. (Acari: Oribatida: Eniochthoniidae), From North American Peatlands, With A Redescription Of Eniochthonius And A Key To North American Species

Figs 51–56. Eniochthonius spp., adults. 51A = lateral aspect of E. mahunkai n. sp. (top, e = egg); 51B = E. minutissimus (bottom) from same sample at Cicero, New York; 52 = E. minutissimus, anterolateral aspect of bothridial seta (bo) and nearby region, specimen from Germany; 53 = E. crosbyi, dorsal aspect of bothridial seta, with insert showing dorsolateral aspect of famulus of E. crosbyi (A) and E. minutissimus (B), each ca. 10 µm; 54 = E. mahunkai sp. n., ventral aspect of genital region (cf. Fig. 3; arrow points to oblique articulation between middle and anterior aggenital plates; 55 = E. crosbyi, same, but from dissected specimen; 56 = E. minutissimus, same (intact specimen from Poland). Scale bars: 100 µm (51), 10 µm (all others); ag = alveolus of aggenital seta; e = egg; pp = plicature plate. Fig. 52 SEM micrograph (from ALBERTI et al. 1994); others from light microscope

Figs 42–50 in Eniochthonius Mahunkai Sp. N. (Acari: Oribatida: Eniochthoniidae), From North American Peatlands, With A Redescription Of Eniochthonius And A Key To North American Species

Figs 42–50. Eniochthonius mahunkai sp. n., immatures: 42 = notogastral seta c1 of larva; 43 = bothridial seta and interlamellar seta (in) of larva, near-dorsal aspect; 44 = humeral region of larval notogaster, lateral aspect, showing porose area (arrowhead) and seta c3; 45 = same, but tritonymph with pleural carina bearing posterior porose area (app) and cupule ia on underside seen by transparency (apa = anterior porose area); 46 = sagittal section of tritonymph notogaster at transverse scissure (anterior to left; arrowhead indicates extremely narrow articulating cuticle); 47 = subcapitulum of tritonymph, ventral aspect in polarized light, showing lack of demineralization in mentum; 48 = partial tarsus I of tritonymph, lateral aspect, showing famulus (e); 49 = posteroventral region of larval opisthosoma, lateral aspect, showing preanal spine (sp) and anal apodeme (aa); 50 = same, enlarged.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Figure 2 in Hyalosphenia papilio paynei subsp. nov. - a highly conspicuous and localized Sphagnum peatland testate amoeba

Figure 2. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction of Hyalosphenia papilio based on 153 unique COI gene sequences of H. papilio available from Genbank (in red) and the eight sequences of H. papilio subsp. paynei obtained during this study (in blue), with a focus on the lineage A as defined by Heger et al. (2013) and Singer et al. (2019). Lineages C to M were collapsed together with the outgroup composed of seven other species within the Hyalospheniidae. Bootstrap values of 30 and above are indicated next to their respective nodes. This portion of the tree is highly magnified and long branches can be caused by single nucleotide differences.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Figure 1 in Hyalosphenia papilio paynei subsp. nov. - a highly conspicuous and localized Sphagnum peatland testate amoeba

Figure 1. Pictures of four different specimens of Hyalosphenia papilio subsp. paynei, A–C with Light Microscopy (LM) corresponding to barcoded cells 2a4, 2b4, 2b5 respectively and D with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

Fig. 9. Core ARD 3 in The Use of Testate Amoebae in Monitoring Peatland Restoration Management: Case Studies from North West England and Ireland

Fig. 9. Core ARD 3 selected percentage testate amoebae diagram, data are presented as percentages of the total testates in each level. The diagram has been subdivided into zones to better aid interpretation. Note that in the older literature (including all the more accessible identification guides) Archerella flavum is refered to as Amphitrema flavum.

Fig. 5. Testate amoebae from the top 20 in The Use of Testate Amoebae in Monitoring Peatland Restoration Management: Case Studies from North West England and Ireland

Fig. 5. Testate amoebae from the top 20 cm of Holcroft Moss, data are presented as percentages of the total testates in each level. The diagram has been subdivided into zones (HM I – HMIV) to better aid interpretation. The zones were defined by a combination of simple inspection and multivariate analysis.

Fig. 8. Core ARD 2 in The Use of Testate Amoebae in Monitoring Peatland Restoration Management: Case Studies from North West England and Ireland

Fig. 8. Core ARD 2 selected percentage testate amoebae diagram, data are presented as percentages of the total testates in each level. The diagram has been subdivided into zones to better aid interpretation. Note that in the older literature (including all the more accessible identification guides) Archerella flavum is refered to as Amphitrema flavum.

Fig. 7. Core ARD 1 in The Use of Testate Amoebae in Monitoring Peatland Restoration Management: Case Studies from North West England and Ireland

Fig. 7. Core ARD 1 selected percentage testate amoebae diagram, data are presented as percentages of the total testates in each level. The diagram has been subdivided into zones to better aid interpretation. Note that in the older literature (including all the more accessible identification guides) Archerella flavum is refered to as Amphitrema flavum and Padaungiolla lageniformis is called Nebela lageniformis.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2024View details →

Data on spatiotemporal thermokarst pond characteristics from a permafrost peatland, northern Sweden

Data related to the article: Seemann, F. & Sannel, A.B.K. (2024) Morphology and dynamics of thermokarst ponds in a subarctic permafrost peatland, northern Sweden. Earth Surf. Process. Landforms, Available from: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.6021" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.6021</a>. Each file contains metadata information. Detailed information on data aquisition can be found in the article.  Study area: Dávvavuopmi, northern Sweden (68°28'N, 20°54'E) Fieldwork was conducted 24 August – 3 September 2021.

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Tropical Peatland Drainage Canal Methane Concentrations, Fluxes, and Isotopic Composition

This dataset contains methane (CH4) concentration and 13C isotope composition (δ13C-CH4) and environmental variables (canal dimensions, water quality, etc.) from canals draining peatlands in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The data also contains CH4 emissions measured using floating chambers and potential CH4 oxidation rates and associated isotopic fractionation from a subset of studied canals, as well as porewater data from peat soils in the study region. Each data file contains a "README" tab with a guide for variable units and descriptions.  File contents:  <ul> <li>Canal_CH4_Survey_Perryman.xlsx = canal water CH4 concentration and δ13C-CH4 from a synpotic survey of canals in Kubu Raya Regency and Mempawah Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data also includes canal properties, water chemistry, and estimates of the fraction of CH4 oxidized and diffusive emissions for each canal</li> <li>Canal_Water_Incubations_Perryman.xlsx = measurements of dissolved CH4 concentration and δ13C-CH4 from canal water incubations</li> <li>Floating_Chamber_Flux_Perryman.xlsx = CH4 emissions and source δ13C-CH4 determined from floating chamber deployments on canals</li> <li>Porewater_CH4_Perryman.xlsx = peatland  porewater CH4 concentration and δ13C-CH4 from 6 profiles collected in the study area</li> </ul>

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

Sentinel-2 derived Sphagnum and herbaceous CI, GCC, NDVI, MSI, SL2P10 LAI, and hourly temperature, water table depth, PAR on the Bernadouze peatland from 2017 to 2021 and 2D scans LAI over 2021.

This release contains data from field campaign over the Bernadouze Peatland and satellite sentinel-2 derived vegetation indices from 2017-01-01 to 2021-12-31. Sentinel-2 derived Sphagnum and herbaceous chlorophyll index, green chromatic coordinate, normalised difference index, moisture soil index retrived on google earth engine from 2017-01-01 to 2021-12-31 on the Bernadouze peatland. Sentinel-2 sphagnum and herbaceous leaf area index (m².m-²) computed with the SL2P10 algorithm from 2017-01-01 to 2021-12-31 thanks to google earth engine. Sphagnum leaf area index (m².m-²), measured with a 2D-scan (LI3100 Area Meter) over the 2021 season on the Bernadouze peatland. Reflectance over the 12 bands of Sentinel-2 on two areas of the Bernadouze peatland : one dominated by Sphagnum mosses and the other by herbaceous vegetation. Data related to an image acquired the 2021-07-21. Hourly air temperature (°C) and photosynthetically active radiations (umol.m-².s-1) derived from the S2M (SAFRAN–SURFEX, ISBA–Crocus–MEPRA) reanalysis chain on the Bernadouze peatland. Vertical resolution of 300m on the 'Couseran' massif. Hourly water table depth (m) from 10 piezometers (PZ1, ..., PZ10) over the Bernadouze peatland. Measured with 10 Orpheus Mini Water Level Logger, OTT HydroMet, Germany. Growth primary productivity of dominant peatland vegetation (umol.m-².s-1) calculated by the difference of measured net primary productivity and of measured ecosystem respiration flux under dark conditions. Measurements of GPP and ER are made with a soil chamber connected to a LI-COR LI-7810 analyser from 2017-01-01 to 2021-12-31 on the Bernadouze peatland.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2023View details →

Data repository - The role of peatland degradation, protection and restoration for climate change mitigation in the SSP scenarios

This datasets provides regional and spatial-explicit gridded data for the analysis presented in the manuscrip "The role of peatland degradation, protection and restoration for climate change mitigation in the SSP scenarios" under review in "Environmental Research: Climate" with reference "ERCL-100126"

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Climate-driven spatial and temporal patterns in peatland pool biogeochemistry

This archive entry contains the original datasets used in the article "Climate-driven spatial and temporal patterns in peatland pool biogeochemistry" as CSV files. The Global_dataset.csv file is a synthesis of the morphological, biogeochemical and climate properties of peatland pools from eastern Canada, southern Patagonia, and the United Kingdom and comprises a total of 240 observations. The GPB_full_dataset.csv file includes the morphological and biogeochemical properties of nine pools of a peatland of eastern Canada that have been sampled regularly over the 2016 to 2021 summers. The GPB_aggregated_dataset.csv file shows the average pool biogeochemical and climate properties of the same peatland of eastern Canada, for 50-day windows between day of year 150 to 300. Statistical analyses shown in the "Climate-driven spatial and temporal patterns in peatland pool biogeochemistry" article are based on the GPB_aggregated_dataset.csv dataset.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

Fine-root production in boreal peatland forests: effects of stand and environmental factors

Fine-root production (FRP) data along with climatic variables (annual precipitation, temperature sum, and latitude) and stand variables (tree stand stem volume; tree stand basal area; stand basal area of tree species including Scots pine, Norway spruce and deciduous trees; site type; peat type; peat depth; C:N ratio of topmost 20 cm peat layer; grouping of sites to nutrient rich and nutrient poo; average soil water-table level) from 28 forestry-drained peatland forest sites in Finland, FRP and its depth distribution were estimated using ingrowth cores. The ingrowth cores were installed between October 15th and November 27th, 2013, and recovered after two years in late November 2015.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2023View details →

Anaerobic Methane Oxidation is Quantitatively Important in Deeper Peat Layers of Boreal Peatlands: Evidence from in situ Stable Isotopes Depth Profiles, Anaerobic Incubations, and Microbial Communities

Dataset contains complete result of laboratory anaerobic incubations with peat samples from 3 West Siberian peatlands. Before the incubation, the peat samples were thoroughly mixed to ensure homogeneity. Aliquots (140 ± 1 g) were mixed with distilled water at a ratio of 1:2 by weight, and then placed into sterile 500 ml glass bottles, flushed with pure argon (99.9999%, Voessen, Russia) for 5 min to remove any oxygen and sealed with butyl rubber septa to maintain anaerobic conditions. The bottles were kept at +5°C for 1 day to allow the equilibration between the peat and the headspace. Then bottles were again thoroughly flushed with argon for 5 min, sealed, and an additional 5 ml of argon was added to prevent air diffusion into the bottle headspace. The incubation was performed in two different ways: i) unamended control, and ii) amended with 10 ml of CH3F to inhibit acetotrophic methanogenesis. Peat samples from the depths of 15-20 and 40-50 cm were incubated at 15° and 10°C, respectively, for a period of 60 days, whereas deeper peat samples were incubated at 5°С, representing the temperature of the deeper peat layers of Mukhrino bog during the snow-free period for 150 days. Gas (1 mL for Н2, CH4 and CO2 concentration, 1 mL for stable isotope compositions) and liquid (1 mL for organic acids) samples were taken for analysis every two weeks after manually shaking the bottles for approximately 5 s to equilibrate the gaseous and aqueous phases. At the end of the incubation, methane headspace concentrations ranged from 1 to 3 % for deeper samples. The incubations with and without CH3F addition were carried out in three replicates for samples from Mukhrino bog and in two replicates for Chistoe and Lempino bogs. Net methane and CO2 production were calculated from the gas concentrations, the volume of the gas space, and the water volume using the ideal gas law. Gas solubility was calculated using Henry’s law. The reported net methane and CO2 production are the averages of 2-3 replicates. See further details in a paper with the same title and the first author.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2023View details →

Data and R-scripts for estimating carbon dioxide emissions from drained peatland forest soils for the greenhouse gas inventory of Finland

Introduction A new method for estimating carbon dioxide emissions from rained peatland forest soils was developed for the Greenhouse Gas Inventory of Finland (GHG inventory). The method is based on a set of models (Ojanen et al. 2014, Tuomi et al., 2009) that dynamically compile all relevant carbon inputs and outputs into a time series of soil CO2 emission. A complete description of the method is described in Alm et al. (2023). Here we present the input data and R-scripts (R Core Team, 2020) for computing the time series from year 1990 to 2022 of CO2 emission from soil in forest land on drained organic soil, like it was reported by the Finnish GHG inventory (Statistics Finland, 2023). Time series data The source of forest and area data is the Finnish National Forest Inventory (NFI) as a part of Luke Statutory Services. The NFI standing forest data in the data files includes annual country-wide estimates of mean basal area and standing biomass of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) and all the broadleaved forest trees combined. The data concerns forest land on drained organic soil only (class FRA 1 according to the FAO forest land definition). The NFI data for each year has been averaged by different drained peatland forest site types (FTYPE) and by inventory regions of southern and northern Finland. The areas and proportions of FTYPEs of all drained peatland “forests remaining forests” (i.e., forests that have not undergone another change in land use in the past 20 years) in southern and northern Finland (Alm et al., 2023), derived from NFI12 (2014–2018). Annual litter input from harvest residues was estimated using statistics of harvested stem volumes by species, collected and published by Luke (Luke statistics). The stem volumes were converted to whole trees and further to litter fractions and further to The share of residues remaining in forest is estimated by subtracting the amount of the logging residues collected for energy use, the data obtained from Luke statistics/energy. The biomass of live trees, annual litterfall from live trees aboveground and root litter belowground are derived from the National Forest Inventory of Finland (inventory rounds NFI8 to NFI13). The R-code also includes calculation of annual litter production from the harvesting residues. The regression-based transfer models, implemented in the R-code, also need meteorological time series inputs: The soil organic matter decomposition model (Ojanen et al. 2014) uses May-October mean temperature. Decomposition model yasso07 (Tuomi et al., 2009), applied for estimating the CO2 release by decomposition of harvesting residues and above ground litter from natural mortality, is constrained by annual temperature, annual temperature amplitude and annual precipitation. Starting from the original country-wide grid produced by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) the weather time series were spatially averaged so that the FMI weather grid values were collected from those locations where peatlands representing each FTYPE in southern and northern Finland were observed by the NFI, respectively. The pre-prepared input data are given in files, see Table 1 for descriptions.     Table 1. Description of input data files. <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> File </td> <td> Description of data </td> </tr> <tr> <td> basal.areas.csv </td> <td> Time series of years 1990-2022 for annual average basal area (m2 ha-1) by year, by peatland forest site type (peat_type) and by tree species or group (tree_type).   Values of peat_type correspond to FTYPE: 1  Herb-rich type 2  Vaccinium myrtillus type 4  Vaccinium vitis-idaea type 6  Dwarf shrub type 7  Cladina type   Values of tree species or group correspond to: 1  Scots pine 2  Norway spruce 3  Broadleaved species </td> </tr> <tr> <td> biomass.csv </td> <td> Time series of years 1990-2022 for annual biomass (biomass, t ha-1 of dry mass) by year, by biomass component, by tree species and by peatland forest site type (tkg).   Values of peat_type correspond to FTYPE: 1  Herb-rich type 2  Vaccinium myrtillus type 4  Vaccinium vitis-idaea type 6  Dwarf shrub type 7  Cladina type   </td> </tr> <tr> <td> dead_litter.csv </td> <td> Time series of years 1990-2022 of annual aboveground litter from dead wood: Harvesting residues and natural mortality combined (C, t ha-1 of dry mass; lognat_litter).   Values of region correspond to GHG inventory region: south  South Finland north  North Finland </td> </tr> <tr> <td> ghgi_litter.csv </td> <td> Time series of years 1990-2022 for litter AWEN-fractions (A=acid soluble, W=water soluble, E=ethanol soluble, N=non-soluble; C, t ha-1) by different litter types: Above-ground coarse woody litter (coarse_woody_litter), fine woody litter (fine_woody_litter), non-woody litter (non_woody_litter) by litter source and deposition type by region. “org” denotes organic soil.   Values of region correspond to GHG inventory region: south  South Finland north  North Finland   Values of ground correspond to litter deposition environment: above  Above-ground litter below  Below-ground litter </td> </tr> <tr> <td> lognat_decomp.csv </td> <td> Time series of years 1990-2022 for C, t ha-1 of dry mass, decomposed from logging residues and natural mortality by region.   Values of variable “region” correspond to GHG inventory region: south  South Finland north  North Finland </td> </tr> <tr> <td> logyasso_weather_data.csv </td> <td> Time series of years 1990-2022 for regional (region) precipitation sum (mm, sum_P), average annual temperature (°C, mean_T) and amplitude of the annual temperature (°C , ampli_T).   Values of region correspond to GHG inventory region: south  South Finland north  North Finland   </td> </tr> <tr> <td> total_area.csv </td> <td> Areas (ha) of drained peatland forests remaining forest land by region and peat_type.   Values of variable “region” correspond to GHG inventory region: south  South Finland north  North Finland   Values of peat_type correspond to FTYPE: 1  Herb-rich type 2  Vaccinium myrtillus type 4  Vaccinium vitis-idaea type 6  Dwarf shrub type 7  Cladina type   </td> </tr> <tr> <td> weather_data.csv </td> <td> Time series of years 1990-2022 for 30-year rolling mean temperature for the May-October period (roll_T) used by the soil decomposition models. The values are calculated for each FTYPE (peat_type) using their spatial distributions (see details in Alm et al., 2023).   Values of variable “region” correspond to GHG inventory region: south  South Finland north  North Finland   Values of peat_type correspond to FTYPE: 1  Herb-rich type 2  Vaccinium myrtillus type 4  Vaccinium vitis-idaea type 6  Dwarf shrub type 7  Cladina type   </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>   The R-scripts The scripts are an excerpt from the Finnish greenhouse gas inventory code set, applying the necessary pre-processed input data and producing the soil CO2 emissions for each FTYPE separately. The necessary R-packages (R Core Team, 2020) are managed in the script LIBRARIES.R. Guidance for running the R-scripts is given in the README.txt. References Alm, J., Wall, A., Myllykangas, J-P., Ojanen, P., Heikkinen, J., Henttonen, H. M., Laiho, R., Minkkinen, K., Tuomainen, T. and Mikola, J. A new method for estimating carbon dioxide emissions from drained peatland forest soils for the greenhouse gas inventory of Finland. Biogeosciences https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1-2023, 2023. LUKE Statistics <ul> <li>https://www.luke.fi/en/statistics/total-roundwood-removals-and-drain, last access 8.12.2022.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>https://www.luke.fi/en/statistics/commercial-fellings/commercial-fellings-72023. last access 8.12.2022.</li> </ul> Statistics Finland 2023. URL: https://unfccc.int/documents/627718 (last access 13.9.2023). Ojanen, P., Lehtonen, A., Heikkinen, J., Penttilä, T., and Minkkinen, K.: Soil CO2 balance and its uncertainty in forestry drained peatlands in Finland, Forest Ecol. Manage., 325, 60–73, 2014. R Core Team: R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation forStatistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, URL https://www.R-project.org, 2020. Tuomi, M., Thum, T., Järvinen, H., Fronzek, S., Berg, B., Harmon, M., Trofymow, J.A., Sevanto, S. and Liski, J.: Leaf litter decomposition - Estimates of global variability based on Yasso07 model, Ecol. Modell. 220 (23):3362-3371, 2009.