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148 results for “Plant performance”
Supplementary material 4 from: Martín-Forés I, Casado MA, Castro I, del Pozo A, Molina-Montenegro MA, de Miguel JM, Acosta-Gallo B (2018) Variation in phenology and overall performance traits can help to explain the plant invasion process amongst Mediterranean ecosystems. NeoBiota 41: 67-89. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.41.29965
Supplementary material 4 from: Martín-Forés I, Casado MA, Castro I, del Pozo A, Molina-Montenegro MA, de Miguel JM, Acosta-Gallo B (2018) Variation in phenology and overall performance traits can help to explain the plant invasion process amongst Mediterranean ecosystems. NeoBiota 41: 67-89. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.41.29965
Supplementary material 3 from: Martín-Forés I, Casado MA, Castro I, del Pozo A, Molina-Montenegro MA, de Miguel JM, Acosta-Gallo B (2018) Variation in phenology and overall performance traits can help to explain the plant invasion process amongst Mediterranean ecosystems. NeoBiota 41: 67-89. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.41.29965
Supplementary material 3 from: Martín-Forés I, Casado MA, Castro I, del Pozo A, Molina-Montenegro MA, de Miguel JM, Acosta-Gallo B (2018) Variation in phenology and overall performance traits can help to explain the plant invasion process amongst Mediterranean ecosystems. NeoBiota 41: 67-89. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.41.29965
Supplementary material 1 from: Martín-Forés I, Casado MA, Castro I, del Pozo A, Molina-Montenegro MA, de Miguel JM, Acosta-Gallo B (2018) Variation in phenology and overall performance traits can help to explain the plant invasion process amongst Mediterranean ecosystems. NeoBiota 41: 67-89. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.41.29965
Figure S1 : Explanation note: Distribution of Leontodonsaxatilis, Hypochaerisglabra and Trifoliumglomeratum in both the native (Spain) and the introduced (Chile) ranges.
Data from: Independent and interactive effects of plant genotype and environment on plant traits and insect herbivore performance: a meta-analysis with Salicaceae
1. Ecological research has increasingly highlighted the importance of intraspecific variation in shaping the structure and function of communities and ecosystems. Indeed, the effects of intraspecific variation can match or exceed those of interspecific variation. Previous reviews of intraspecific variation in plant traits across heterogeneous environments have focused primarily on mean phenotypic effects. We propose that a richer and fuller understanding of the ecological causes and consequences of intraspecific variation would be provided by partitioning trait variance into its subcomponents (genetic, environment, genotype by environment interaction). 2. We used a meta-analysis of 352 sets of genetic, environment, and genotype by environment (GxE) variation estimates from 72 studies of Salicaceae to compare these sources of variation across plant traits (growth, foliar nitrogen, defense compounds), insect herbivore performance metrics (e.g., survival, growth, fecundity), and environmental conditions (e.g., soil nutrients, water, defoliation). 3. Our findings revealed that variation in levels of defense compounds (both condensed tannins and salicinoids) and insect herbivore performance were primarily genetically determined, while variation in plant growth and foliar nitrogen were more environmentally determined. 4. Plasticity in plant growth, foliar nitrogen levels, and insect herbivore performance varied substantially across different sites (year x location), and nutrient, water, and carbon dioxide environments. Plasticity was lowest for chemical defense traits and all traits in contrasting ozone and defoliation environments. 5. Our quantitative review also revealed several gaps in the literature, including a need for surveying more mature plants (>2 years-old), a wider variety of insect herbivore species (e.g., leaf-modifiers, specialist insects), and underrepresented environmental treatments (e.g., competition, defoliation, disease, light, water). This work will help to assess how the patterns within this meta-analysis may or may not be confined within particular parameters (e.g., plant maturity). 6. Findings from this analysis further highlight the importance of and patterns within intraspecific variation in shaping the evolvability and plasticity of traits and in governing plant-insect interactions.
Data from: Root herbivory indirectly affects above- and belowground community members and directly reduces plant performance
1.There is widespread recognition that above- and below-ground organisms are linked through their interactions with host plants that span terrestrial subsystems. In addition to direct effects on plants, soil organisms such as root herbivores can indirectly alter interactions between plants and other community members, with potentially important effects on plant growth and fitness. 2. We manipulated root herbivory by Acalymma vittatum in Cucumis sativus to determine indirect effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, leaf herbivory, the leaf pathogen downy mildew, and pollinators. We also manipulated pollen receipt by plants to determine if root herbivory reduced plant reproduction through changes in pollinator visitation. 3. Overall, root herbivory had strong net negative effects on plant growth and fitness, with 34% reductions in both leaf and fruit production by high root damage levels relative to control, despite reduced infection by downy mildew. High root herbivory also reduced floral visitation by 39%, apparently due to lower flower production, as flower size and scent were unaffected. Above-ground herbivory was not affected by root herbivores. 4. Although root herbivory reduced pollinator visits, pollen receipt manipulations had no effect on fruit set, indicating that reduced pollinator service did not affect plant reproduction. 5. Synthesis. Root herbivory had indirect effects on a range of community members, including mutualists and antagonists both above- and below-ground. Although reduced pathogen infection associated with root herbivory would be expected to benefit plants, root herbivory had an overall strong negative effect on plant growth and reproduction, indicating that direct negative effects over-rode any potential indirect benefits.
Performance data of Danaus larvae feeding on native and exotic host plants
<p>The consequences of the introduction of invasive plants for the diet of herbivorous insects have been little explored in nature where, potentially, abiotic and biotic factors operate. In this study we examined the larval performance of two Neotropical Danaini butterflies when using either a native or an exotic Apocynaceae species as host plant in both field and laboratory experiments. Hosts greatly differ in their amount of latex exudation and other physicochemical traits, as well as in the amount of evolutionary time they have interacted with herbivores. First, herbivore performance on the hosts was investigated under laboratory conditions. Larvae of both Danaini species took more time to develop on the exotic host; larval survivorship did not vary between hosts. Second, first instar survivorship on both hosts was evaluated in two field sites, one site per host. To do so, in both sites half of the larvae were bagged (protected against both abiotic and biotic factors) while the remainder were non-bagged (exposed). The interaction between larval exposure with the use of the exotic host reduced larval survival. We concluded that the combined effects of host plant traits and abiotic factors reduced survival of herbivores in field conditions. Therefore, the performance of herbivores when using hosts of different origins should be considered together with the multiple ecological factors found in natural environments, as these factors can modify the result of plant-herbivore interactions.</p>
Host age affects the performance of the root hemiparasitic plant Rhinanthus alectorolophus
<p><span>Interactions between root hemiparasitic plants and their hosts are strongly affected by host identity but may also depend on the condition of the host. A</span><span>n important determinant of host quality could be host age, as it may influence host size, allocation patterns, responses to infection, and the strength of competition for light between parasite and host. </span><span>We investigated the effects of host species identity, host age and above-ground separation of hemiparasite and host on the </span><span>interactions between the hemiparasite <em>Rhinanthus</em> <em>alectorolophus</em> and five host species in a factorial experiment. The host species were planted at six different times, from ten weeks before the parasite was planted to four weeks after. </span><span>Host age strongly influenced the performance of the parasite, but these effects also varied among host species. </span><span>Parasites grew largest with hosts planted at the same time or two weeks earlier, but their performance strongly declined both with increasing host age and with the time they grew autotrophically. A large part of the variation due to host age but not of that due to host species identity could be related to the negative influence of host size at the likely time of parasite attachment. The low quality of older hosts was not due to light competition, suggesting that effective exploitation of these hosts was prevented by other factors like harder roots, stronger defence against parasite attack or competition for resources taken up by the host roots. Suppression of host growth by the parasites declined with increasing host age. The results indicate that the choice of host age may influence the results of studies on hemiparasites. They also highlight the importance for annual root hemiparasites of attachment in early spring, i.e. at a time when their mostly perennial hosts produce fresh roots but are still poorly developed above ground.</span></p>
Examining Effects of Active Plant Engagement on College Student Well-Being and Performance
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07228013. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Data from: Sex-specific responses to climate change in plants alter population sex ratio and performance
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Data from: Loss of heterosis and family-dependent inbreeding depression in plant performance and resistance against multiple herbivores under drought stress
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Performance data of Danaus larvae feeding on native and exotic host plants
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Data from: Effect of plant root symbionts on performance of native woody species in competition with an invasive grass in multispecies microcosms
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Data from: Males, but not females, perform strategic mate searching movements between host plants in a leaf beetle with scramble competition polygyny
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Preference, performance, and chemical defense in an endangered butterfly using novel and ancestral host plants
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Data from: Genotypic diversity and trait variance interact to affect marsh plant performance
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Data from: Beyond preference and performance: host plant selection by monarch butterflies, Danaus plexippus
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Data from: Independent and interactive effects of plant genotype and environment on plant traits and insect herbivore performance: a meta-analysis with Salicaceae
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Data from: Introduction beyond a species range: a relationship between population origin, adaptive potential and plant performance
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Host age affects the performance of the root hemiparasitic plant Rhinanthus alectorolophus
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Data from: Plant fertilization interacts with life history: variation in stoichiometry and performance in nettle-feeding butterflies.
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