Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
385
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
385 results for “Shading”
Tree seedling shade tolerance arises from interactions with microbes and is mediated by functional traits
<p>Shade tolerance is a central concept in forest ecology and strongly influences forest community dynamics. However, the plant traits and conditions conferring shade tolerance are yet to be resolved. We propose that shade tolerance is shaped not only by responses to light but also by a species' defense and recovery functional traits, soil microbial communities, and interactions of these factors with light availability. We conducted a greenhouse experiment for three temperate species in the genus <em>Acer </em>that vary in shade tolerance. We grew newly germinated seedlings in two light levels (2% and 30% sun) and controlled additions of microbial filtrates using a wet-sieving technique. Microbial filtrate treatments included: <20 µm, likely dominated by pathogenic microbes; 40-250 µm, containing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF); combination, including both filtrate sizes; and sterilized combination. We monitored survival for nine weeks and measured fine root AMF colonization, hypocotyl phenolics, stem lignin, and stem+root nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) at three-week intervals. We found that differences in seedling survival between low and high light only occurred when microbes were present. AMF colonization, phenolics, and NSC generally increased with light. Phenolics were greater with <20 µm microbial filtrate, suggesting that soil-borne pathogens may induce phenolic production and NSC was greater with 40-250 µm filtrate, suggesting that mycorrhizal fungi may induce NSC production. Across species, microbe treatments, and light availability, survival increased as phenolics and NSC increased. Therefore, shade tolerance can be explained by interactions among soil-borne microbes, seedling traits, and light availability, providing a more mechanistic and trait-based explanation of shade tolerance and thus forest community dynamics.</p>
Rodin - The Three Shades
A 3D scan of Rodin's "The Three Shades". Scanned at Stanford University, on May 23, using a Lenovo Phab 2 phone Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Data from: Different management practices influence growth of small plants in species-rich hay meadows through shading
<p>Data from: Different management practices influence growth of small plants in species-rich hay meadows through shading, published in Applied Vegetation Science. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and Dry Matter Yield (DMY)</p>
A global 0.05° dataset for gross primary production of sunlit and shaded vegetation canopies (1992–2020)
<p>Distinguishing gross primary production of sunlit and shaded leaves (GPP<sub>sun</sub> and GPP<sub>shade</sub>) is crucial for improving our understanding of the underlying mechanisms regulating long-term GPP variations. Here we produce a global 0.05°, 8-day dataset for GPP, GPP<sub>shade</sub> and GPP<sub>sun</sub> over 1992-2020 using an updated two-leaf light use efficiency model (TL-LUE), which is driven by the GLOBMAP leaf area index, CRUJRA meteorology, and ESA-CCI land cover. Our products estimate the mean annual totals of global GPP, GPP<sub>sun</sub>, and GPP<sub>shade</sub> over 1992-2020 at 125.0±3.8 (mean ± std) Pg C a<sup>-1</sup>, 50.5±1.2 Pg C a<sup>-1</sup>, and 74.5±2.6 Pg C a<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, in which EBF (evergreen broadleaf forest) and CRO (crops) contribute more than half of the totals. They show clear increasing trends over time, in which the trend of GPP (also GPP<sub>sun</sub> and GPP<sub>shade</sub>) for CRO is distinctively greatest, and that for DBF (deciduous broadleaf forest) is relatively large and GPP<sub>shade</sub> overwhelmingly outweighs GPP<sub>sun</sub>. This new dataset advances our in-depth understanding of large-scale carbon cycle processes and dynamics.</p>
Artifact for ESEC/FSE Paper: "23 Shades of Self-Admitted Technical Debt: An Empirical Study on Machine Learning Software"
<p>Artifact for ESEC/FSE paper entitled "23 Shades of Self-Admitted Technical Debt: An Empirical Study on Machine Learning Software"</p>
2005.002.007 Bag 5b Point 402 - shaded version
From the Connecticut State Museum of Natural History's Caldwell Collection of Neolithic Mali Points. Bag 5b, Point 402. Max height 53.59mm. Max width 19.3mm. GSD 0.0199 mm/pix, RMS reprojection error 0.933304 pix. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
2005.002.007 Bag 5a Point 424 - shaded version
From the Connecticut State Museum of Natural History's Caldwell Collection of Neolithic Mali Points. Bag 5a, Point 424. Max height 19.14mm. Max width 12.02mm. GSD 8.59 μm/pix, RMS reprojection error 0.68237 pix. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
2005.002.007 Bag 5b Point 393 - shaded version
From the Connecticut State Museum of Natural History's Caldwell Collection of Neolithic Mali Points, Bag 5b, Point 393. Max height 57.15mm. Max width 18.63mm. GSD 0.0158 mm/pix, RMS reprojection error 0.557653 pix. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
2005.002.007 Bag 5a Point 447 - shaded version
From the Connecticut State Museum of Natural History's Caldwell Collection of Neolithic Mali Points, Bag 5a, Point 447. Max height 32.19mm. Max width 15.99mm. GSD 0.012 mm/pix, RMS reprojection error 0.530063 pix. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Sheep looking for shade
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Sheep looking for shade
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Fifty shades of brown: Macroevolution of plumage brightness in the Furnariida, a large clade of drab Neotropical passerines
Both natural and sexual selection are thought to affect the evolution of bird color. Most studies of the topic have focused on sexually dichromatic taxa and showy plumages, which are expected to be more influenced by social selection and usually result in increased conspicuousness. However, many bird clades display dull brown or grey plumages that vary greatly in brightness (lightness), but little in hue (shade). Here, we examine the macroevolution of brightness in one such clade, the Furnariida. We make comparisons across light environments, body parts, and across monochromatic lineages and each sex of dichromatic lineages. We found that support for models including light environments is greater for the dorsum than for the venter, and that brightness evolution is more constrained in the latter than in the former. Plumages in this clade have evolved to be darker in darker habitats, consistent with natural selection for increased crypsis. Finally, the features of brightness macroevolution are broadly similar across the sexes of the dichromatic clade, challenging the view that sexual dichromatism is driven by different evolutionary processes acting in each sex. We conclude that, in the Furnariida, light environments and dorsal-ventral variation are more important than sex as axes of color evolution.
The role of shade in maintaining alternative stable states between open- and closed-canopy vegetation
<p>Fire is commonly identified as strong driver of alternative stable states such as adjacent open- versus closed-canopy vegetation types. The absence of open-canopy species from closed-canopy understoreys, where light availability is low and dynamic, however, suggests shade tolerance is an integral determinant of such vegetation boundaries. While the importance of light dynamics between alternative stable states has been acknowledged, the physiological mechanisms behind sun versus shade-tolerance are unclear. Here we investigated the differences in light interception and carbon assimilation of open- and closed-canopy species, and whether this contributes to the maintenance of alternative stable states.</p> <p>Evergreen forest and fynbos species were grown under three light availability treatments (24%, 54%, 100%) in a glasshouse with their photosynthetic response to continuous and fluctuating light, dark respiration, root respiration, biomass and leaf traits quantified.<br> <br> Fynbos species displayed smaller, thicker, and tightly aggregated leaves compared to forest species. Under low light, fynbos species experienced some mortality, and showed lower light-use efficiency with fluctuating light and lower in situ photosynthetic rates under the 54% light treatment compared to forest species (0.8 versus 4 mmol CO2 m-2 s-1).<br> <br> Synthesis. Contrasting light availability in forest and fynbos selects for dissimilar traits, where fynbos species are unable to efficiently intercept light and maintain a positive carbon balance under low, dynamic light compared to forest species. This shade intolerance is exacerbated by divergent nutrient and fire regimes in forest and fynbos environments, requiring incompatible trait specializations that promote the emergence and maintenance of alternative stable states.</p>
Datasets and scripts to reproduce figures from the paper entitled "Impact of Chlorophyll Shading on the Peruvian Upwelling System" by Echevin et al.
<p>This dataset can be used to reproduce the 4 figures published in the paper entitled "Impact of Chlorophyll Shading on the Peruvian Upwelling System" by Echevin et al. The scripts must be run using ferret software as follows:</p> <p>> go script_figureX.jnl</p> <p>The netcdf files are described below:</p> <p>- model NSH and SH climatology (3D fields :x,y,time):</p> <p>Peru10km_SHADING_monthlyclim_Y16-Y25.nc</p> <p>Peru10km_NOSHADE_monthlyclim_Y16-Y25.nc</p> <p>- NSH and SH model along-shore averaged climatologies (3D fields: x,z,time):</p> <p>section_ave.mean.NOSH10km.8S13S.nc</p> <p>section_ave.mean.SH10km.8S13S.nc</p> <p>- model grid: Peru10km_grd.nc</p> <p>- 2-degrees-wide coastal mask for the grid: mask_Peru10km_w2deg.nc</p>
Data for: Flowers that self-shade reduce heat stress and pollen limitation
<p>Premise: Plants are facing increased risk of heat stress with global climate change. Reproductive tissues are particularly sensitive which can result in lower plant fitness. Floral shading and closure are possible mechanisms to limit heat stress although most previous work on petal orientation has considered adaptations to raise temperatures. We hypothesized that floral shading could reduce temperature and increase reproductive success.</p> <p>Results: Individual flowers of all four species that shaded their pistils experienced temperatures 3 – 8 oC lower than those that remained open and unshaded. In our wiring experiment, unencumbered R. coulteri controls were 40% more likely to produce seeds than flowers that were either permanently open or closed. Without added pollen, control flowers produced 2x more seeds than flowers wired open and 8x more than those wired closed. However, pollen addition eliminated the effects of wiring and increased capsule weight and seed production. This suggests that pollen limitation was responsible for observed differences in the wiring treatments. Pollinators may prefer control flowers over those that were wired open or closed; petal shading may make flowers cooler and more attractive to pollinators.</p> <p>Conclusions: Petal shading may be a behavior that allows flowers to reduce heat stress and increases their chances of pollination and seed set.</p>
Smaller species experience mild adversity under shading in an old-field plant community
<p><strong>Background:</strong> Plant competition experiments commonly suggest that larger species have an advantage, primarily in terms of light acquisition. However, within crowded natural vegetation, where competition evidently impacts fitness, most resident species are relatively small. It remains unclear, therefore, whether the size-advantage observed in controlled experiments is normally realized in habitats where competition is most intense.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> We characterized the light environment and tested for evidence of a size-advantage in competition for light in an old-field plant community composed of herbaceous perennial species. We investigated whether larger species contributed to reduced light penetration (i.e., greater shading), and examined the impact of shade on smaller species by testing whether the abundance and richness of smaller species were lower in plots with less light penetration.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Light penetration in plots ranged from 0.3-72.4%. Plots with a greater mean species height had significantly lower light penetration. Plots with lower light penetration had significantly lower small species abundance and richness. However, the impact of shade on small species abundance and richness was relatively small (R2 values between 8% and 15%) and depended on how we defined "small species". Significant effects were more common when analyses focused on small plant species that reached reproduction; focusing on only flowering plants can clarify patterns.</p> <p><strong>Synthesis: </strong>Our results confirm that light penetration in herbaceous vegetation can be comparable to levels seen in forests, that plots with taller species cast more shade, and that smaller species are less abundant and diverse in plots where light penetration is low. However, variation in mean plot height explained less than 10% of variation in light penetration, and light penetration explained between 5-15% of variation in small species abundance and richness. Coupled with the fact that reproductive small species were present even within the most heavily shaded plots, our results suggest that any advantage in light competition by large species is limited. One explanation is that at least some small species in these communities are shade tolerant. Shade tolerance in predominantly herbaceous communities, particularly among small plant species, requires further research.</p>
Data from: Temporary thinning shock in previously shaded red spruce
<p class="MsoNormal">Silvicultural thinning can lead to rapid microclimatic changes for residual trees. Despite the benefits of decreased competition, thinning may induce "thinning shock" – temporary negative physiological responses as trees acclimate to new conditions. We examined the impact of thinning on the microclimate and physiology of residual, previously shaded red spruce (<em>Picea rubens</em> Sarg.) trees relative to non-thinned controls. Both daily maximum temperature and vapor pressure deficit increased post-thinning, with larger increases observed on hotter and drier days. In response to these environmental changes, we found clear evidence of physiological declines. At 1.7 weeks post thinning, we found a 0.59-MPa reduction in average midday water potential relative to control trees, which lasted for an additional 1.4 weeks. Thus, the trees in the thinning treatment were at or beyond published estimates of needle turgor loss. Thinning decreased photosynthetic efficiency of current-year needles by 3.8% after two weeks, and it declined by 1.3% per week for the remainder of the growing season. These results suggest that thinning shock occurs in red spruce, a shade-adapted, climate-sensitive species. Thinning shock may contribute to the lagged growth responses commonly observed post-thinning, and these effects may be more extreme in novel future climates.</p>
Stronger effect of individual species' traits than shading on aquatic plant community productivity and interspecific competition
<p>Competition is one of the major factors structuring plant communities. Species with similar traits generally compete more intensely and have more similar yield than functionally dissimilar species, which often respond differently to environmental change. Little is known about how the interacting species' traits influence the effect of environmental change on interspecific competition. However, theory predicts that environmental change should lead to more asymmetric competition, by favouring the species best adapted to the particular environmental change. Here we used a mesocosm experiment with three common aquatic plant species from the Baltic Sea (Northern Europe), to test how community productivity and competition asymmetry were affected by functional dissimilarity, individual species' traits, and a common stressor: shading. Competition asymmetry was defined as the absolute difference in reductions in yield relative to monocultures of two interacting species. Community productivity decreased and competition asymmetry increased with functional dissimilarity of the interacting species, possibly explained by the traits of the superior species, which had higher specific leaf area, maximum canopy height, and primary production rate than the subordinate species. Community productivity was not affected by shading, contrary to our expectation, while competition asymmetry was higher in shaded than ambient conditions. Individual species yield depended on species identity and species combination. Only the shortest species was negatively affected by shading. Thus, by favouring tall-growing species, shading can alter interspecific competition. Together, these findings suggest that non-random species loss following environmental change can be caused by competitive exclusion, in addition to a direct effect of abiotic filtering.</p>
Light-demanding tree species are more susceptible to lianas than shade-tolerant tree species in a subtropical secondary forest
<ol> <li> <span>Tree-tree competition has been widely studied as a mechanism responsible for maintaining forest plant species diversity</span><span>.</span><span> Other common plant types, such as lianas, may influence tree species competition. Previous studies reported the negative effects of lianas on trees; however, variation in susceptibility to lianas among tree species and the species-specificity of liana species for tree hosts remain unclear. If lianas have species-specific interactions with trees, based either on tree or liana species identity, then lianas may influence tree-tree interactions by altering tree species-specific competitiveness. </span> </li> <li> <span>We surveyed 5,676 lianas</span><span> (DBH </span><span>≥ </span><span>0.5 cm</span><span>)</span><span> and </span><span>61,538 trees </span><span>(DBH </span><span>≥ </span><span>1 cm</span><span>)</span><span> in a 12-ha subtropical secondary forest</span><span> plot to assess </span><span>liana-tree interactions</span><span>.</span><span> We</span><span> tested </span><span>variation among the 20 most common tree species in their </span><span>susceptibility to lianas,</span><span> including whether light-demanding and shade-tolerant tree species differed. </span><span>We</span><span> quantified liana-tree network structure and</span><span> evaluated the specificity between the 20 most common tree species and the 15 most common liana species. </span><span>We expected that: (1) </span><span>tree species would vary in their susceptibility to lianas, and the extent of this </span><span>variation</span><span> would be predicted by tree shade-tolerance; and (2) </span><span>liana species would have distinct species-specific interactions with host trees. </span> </li> <li> <span>Tree species differed greatly in their susceptibility to lianas, with some tree species accumulating many more lianas than others. Light-demanding tree species particularly had greater susceptibility to lianas than shade-tolerant tree species. Both the liana-tree network structure and the interaction </span><span>intensity</span><span> between the 15 liana species and 20 tree species showed distinct specialization of liana-tree interactions. </span> </li> <li><span><em>Synthesis</em>. Variation in tree species' susceptibility to lianas implies that lianas may alter tree species-specific competitive abilities by disproportionately affecting some tree species more than others. In contrast to studies in neotropical forests, light-demanding tree species were more susceptible to lianas than shade-tolerant tree species, suggesting that lianas could reduce light-demanding tree performance in this forest. The distinct species specialization between liana and tree species suggests that increases in the relative abundance of liana species, which is occurring in many forests, may alter the tree community by reducing the relative abundance of preferred host tree species. </span></li> </ol>
Dataset: Recruitment responses of shade-tolerant and heliophilous trees in human-degraded areas: the necessity of knowing the recruitment autecology of species for making reforestation decisions
<p>This repository contains the files associated with the following article:</p> <p>Johanna Croce, Ernesto I. Badano, Andrés Tálamo. Recruitment responses of shade-tolerant and heliophilous trees in human-degraded areas: the necessity of knowing the recruitment autecology of species for making reforestation decisions Submitted to <em>Land Degradation & Development</em>.</p> <p>The first Microsoft Excel file (Dataset 01 - Microclimate.xlsx) contains two sheets with the microclimatic data (average, maximum and minimum soil temperatures, and volumetric soil water content) measured in Cerro Chachapoyas and Cerro Fachacano. These measurements were performed on three plots of each trearment, including shrub-protected treatment with high shade, shrub-protected treatment with medium shade, sunny treatment with high herbaceous cover, sunny treatment with medium herbaceous cover and controls. The second Microsoft Excel file (Dataset 02 -Plant responses.xlsx Dataset 02 - Plant responses.xlsx) contains three sheets with the data used to estimate the seedling emergence rates, plant survival rates and net aboveground growth rates of the tree species, including <em>Anadenanthera colubrina</em> and <em>Ceiba chodatii</em> in Cerro Chachapoyas, and <em>Jacaranda mimosifolia</em> in Cerro Fachacano.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.