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139 results for “Social parasitism”
Figure 5 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 5 Males of the social parasite Nylanderia parasitica (A, C, E) and its host Nylanderia faisonensis (B, D, F) in full-face (A, B), lateral (C, D), and dorsal (E, F) views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C–F).
Figure 4 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 4 Gynes of the social parasite Nylanderia parasitica (A, C, E) and its host Nylanderia faisonensis (B, D, F) in full-face (A, B), lateral (C, D), and dorsal (E, F) views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C–F).
Figure 7 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 7 Boxplot comparing body sizes (Weber's Length) of social parasite queens to each other. Letters above the boxes indicate significantly different groups (Pairwise Mann-Whitney Test with Bonferroni correction, P < 0.05).
Figure 3 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 3 Males of the social parasite Nylanderia deyrupi (A, C, E) and its host Nylanderia wojciki (B, D, F) in full-face (A, B), lateral (C, D), and dorsal (E, F) views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C–F).
Figure 2 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 2 Gynes of the social parasite Nylanderia deyrupi (A, C, E) and its host Nylanderia wojciki (B, D, F) in full-face (A, B), lateral (C, D), and dorsal (E, F) views. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C–F).
Figure 10 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 10 Geographic distribution of N. parasitica (black stars) and its host N. faisonensis (red circles). Host distribution data was supplemented with additional information from antmaps.org (Janicki et al. 2016).
Figure 1 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 1 Gyne (A, C, E) and male (B, D, F) of the previously described social parasite Nylanderia deceptrix in full-face (A, B), lateral (C, D), and dorsal (E, F) views. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B), 1 mm (C, E), 0.5 mm (D, F).
Figure 9 from: Messer SJ, Cover SP, Rabeling C (2020) Two new species of socially parasitic Nylanderia ants from the southeastern United States. ZooKeys 921: 23-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.921.46921
Figure 9 Geographic distribution of N. deyrupi (black star) and its host N. wojciki (red circles). Host distribution data was supplemented with additional information from antmaps.org (Janicki et al. 2016).
Data from: Convergent reversion to single mating in a wasp social parasite
While eusociality arose in species with single-mating females, multiple mating by queens has evolved repeatedly across the social ants, bees, and wasps. Understanding the benefits and costs of multiple mating of queens is important because polyandry results in reduced relatedness between siblings, reducing kin-selected benefits of helping while also selecting for secondary social traits that reduce intracolony conflict. The leading hypothesis for the benefits of polyandry in social insects emphasizes advantages of a genetically diverse workforce. Workerless social parasite species (inquilines) provide a unique opportunity to test this hypothesis, since they are derived from social ancestors but do not produce workers of their own. Such parasites are thus predicted to evolve single mating because they would experience the costs of multiple mating but not the benefits if such benefits accrue through the production of a genetically diverse group of workers. Here we show that the workerless social parasite Dolichovespula arctica, a derived parasite of wasps, has reverted to obligate single mating from a facultatively polyandrous ancestor, mirroring a similar reversion from obligate polyandry to approximate monandry in a social parasite of fungus-farming ants. This finding and a comparison with two other cases where inquilinism did not induce reversal to monandry support the hypothesis that facultative polyandry can be costly and may be maintained by benefits of a genetically diverse workforce.
Data from: Using social parasitism to test reproductive skew models in a primitively eusocial wasp
Remarkable variation exists in the distribution of reproduction (skew) among members of cooperatively breeding groups, both within and between species. Reproductive skew theory has provided an important framework for understanding this variation. In the primitively eusocial Hymenoptera, two models have been routinely tested: concessions models, which assume complete control of reproduction by a dominant individual, and tug-of-war models, which assume on-going competition among group members over reproduction. Current data provide little support for either model, but uncertainty about the ability of individuals to detect genetic relatedness and difficulties in identifying traits conferring competitive ability mean that the relative importance of concessions versus tug-of-war remains unresolved. Here, we suggest that the use of social parasitism to generate meaningful variation in key social variables represents a valuable opportunity to explore the mechanisms underpinning reproductive skew within the social Hymenoptera. We present a direct test of concessions and tug-of-war models in the paper wasp Polistes dominulus by exploiting pronounced changes in relatedness and power structures that occur following replacement of the dominant by a congeneric social parasite. Comparisons of skew in parasitized and unparasitized colonies are consistent with a tug-of-war over reproduction within P. dominulus groups, but provide no evidence for reproductive concessions.
Data from: Phylogenetic tests reject Emery's rule in the evolution of social parasitism in yellowjackets and hornets (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Vespinae)
Social parasites exploit the brood-care behaviour and social structure of one or more host species. Within the social Hymenoptera there are different types of social parasitism. In its extreme form, species of obligate social parasites, or inquilines, do not have the worker caste and depend entirely on the workers of a host species to raise their reproductive offspring. The strict form of Emery's rule states that social parasites share immediate common ancestry with their hosts. Moreover, this rule has been linked with a sympatric origin of inquilines from their hosts. Here, we conduct phylogenetic analyses of yellowjackets and hornets based on 12 gene fragments and evaluate competing evolutionary scenarios to test Emery's rule. We find that inquilines, as well as facultative social parasites, are not the closest relatives of their hosts. Therefore, Emery's rule in its strict sense is rejected, suggesting that social parasites have not evolved sympatrically from their hosts in yellowjackets and hornets. However, the relaxed version of the rule is supported, as inquilines and their hosts belong to the same Dolichovespula clade. Furthermore, inquilinism has evolved only once in Dolichovespula.
Table 1 in The first known riodinid ' cuckoo' butterfly reveals deep-time convergence and parallelism in ant social parasites
<p><b>Table 1.</b> Homoplastic ecomorphological traits shared between <i>Aricoris arenarum</i> (Riodinidae) and <i>Niphanda fusca</i> (Lycaenidae) (for details, see Fig. 8 and Discussion)</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Ecomorphological trait</th><th>Potential type of homoplasy</th><th>Hypothetical adaptive significance</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Ant–hemipteran-dependent oviposition</th><td>Convergence</td><td>Increases the likelihood of interaction</td></tr><tr><th>Loss of plant specificity and oviposition on Poaceae</th><td>Convergence</td><td>Exploitation of new ant–plant– hemipteran systems</td></tr><tr><th>Feed on liquids (hemipteran honeydew and ant regurgitations)</th><td>Convergence</td><td>Reduction of symbiotic cost by not feeding directly on plant tissue, hemipterans or ants</td></tr><tr><th>Social parasitism</th><td>Convergence</td><td>Stable and enemy-free environment (ant nest) during cold months and nutritional benefits</td></tr><tr><th>Pinkish last instar caterpillars</th><td>Convergence</td><td>Lack of plant pigments and/or no selection for visual crypsis</td></tr><tr><th>Long thoracic setae directed forwards</th><td>Parallelism and convergence</td><td>Tactile communication with hemipterans and ants</td></tr><tr><th>Reduction of dorsal setae on metathorax</th><td>Parallelism</td><td>Improved mobility of the anterior portion, facilitating ant trophallaxis</td></tr><tr><th>Tentacle organs on eighth abdominal segment</th><td>Convergence and parallelism</td><td>Chemical communication with tending ants</td></tr></tbody></table>
Supplementary material 1 from: Salata S, Borowiec L (2015) Redescription of Temnothorax antigoni (Forel, 1911) and description of its new social parasite Temnothorax curtisetosus sp. n. from Turkey (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 523: 129-148. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.523.6103
Table with specimens data:
Figures 9-12 from: Salata S, Borowiec L (2019) Preliminary division of not socially parasitic Greek Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) with a description of three new species. ZooKeys 877: 81-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.877.36320
Figures 9-12 Head and antennae 9 Worker of Temnothorax brackoi sp. nov. 10 Worker of Temnothorax messiniaensis sp. nov. 11 Worker of Temnothorax turcicus (Santschi) 12 Gyne of Temnothorax messiniaensis sp. nov.
Figures 25-27 from: Salata S, Borowiec L (2019) Preliminary division of not socially parasitic Greek Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) with a description of three new species. ZooKeys 877: 81-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.877.36320
Figures 25-27 Distribution in Greece 25Temnothorax brackoi sp. nov. 26Temnothorax messiniaensis sp. nov. 27T. turcicus (Santschi) denoted by red circles and T. triangularis sp. nov. by black circles.
Figures 18-20 from: Salata S, Borowiec L (2019) Preliminary division of not socially parasitic Greek Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) with a description of three new species. ZooKeys 877: 81-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.877.36320
Figures 18-20 Temnothorax triangularis sp. nov. 18 Worker head and antennae 19 Worker head sculpture 20 Gyne head and antennae.
Figures 13-15 from: Salata S, Borowiec L (2019) Preliminary division of not socially parasitic Greek Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) with a description of three new species. ZooKeys 877: 81-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.877.36320
Figures 13-15 Head sculpture 13 Worker of Temnothorax brackoi sp. nov. 14 Worker of Temnothorax messiniaensis sp. nov. 15 Worker of Temnothorax turcicus (Santschi).
Linked collectors and determiners for: The socially parasitic ant genus Strongylognathus Mayr in North Africa (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae)..
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "The socially parasitic ant genus Strongylognathus Mayr in North Africa (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae).". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/8cd00091-1b4e-41c4-8ece-728c8925d8c5">https://bionomia.net/dataset/8cd00091-1b4e-41c4-8ece-728c8925d8c5</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/8cd00091-1b4e-41c4-8ece-728c8925d8c5">https://gbif.org/dataset/8cd00091-1b4e-41c4-8ece-728c8925d8c5</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Figure 16 from: Salata S, Borowiec L (2015) Redescription of Temnothorax antigoni (Forel, 1911) and description of its new social parasite Temnothorax curtisetosus sp. n. from Turkey (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 523: 129-148. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.523.6103
Figure 16 - Distribution of Temnothorax antigoni (Forel), blue circle – locus typicus, red circle – new locality in Turkey (also locus typicus for Temnothorax curtisetosus sp. n.), yellow circles – new localities in Rhodes, black circle – new localities in Lesbos.
Figure 14-15 from: Salata S, Borowiec L (2015) Redescription of Temnothorax antigoni (Forel, 1911) and description of its new social parasite Temnothorax curtisetosus sp. n. from Turkey (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 523: 129-148. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.523.6103
Figure 14-15 - Worker gaster lateral 14 Temnothorax curtisetosus sp. n. 15 Temnothorax muellerianus (Finzi). Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
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