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398 results for “Solomon”
Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. sacco/awnus Temminck, 1838 — Sumatra andJava. S. s. affinis Dobson, 1875 — Borneo and offshore islands including Labuan I. S. s. crassus Blyth, 1844 — S & SE Asia from India (including Great Nicobar I) and Sri Lanka to Indochina and Peninsular Malaysia. S. s. nudicluniatus De Vis, 1905 - New Guinea (including Yapen and Trobriand Is), Bismarck Archipelago (New Britain I), Solomon Is (Bougainville and Guadalcanal), and N & NE Australia (Top End and NE Queensland); possibly also on Timor I. S. s. pluto G. S. Miller, 1910 — Philippines (Luzon, Catanduanes, Mindoro, Negros, and Mindanao Is). in Emballonuridae
Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. sacco/awnus Temminck, 1838 — Sumatra andJava. S. s. affinis Dobson, 1875 — Borneo and offshore islands including Labuan I. S. s. crassus Blyth, 1844 — S & SE Asia from India (including Great Nicobar I) and Sri Lanka to Indochina and Peninsular Malaysia. S. s. nudicluniatus De Vis, 1905 - New Guinea (including Yapen and Trobriand Is), Bismarck Archipelago (New Britain I), Solomon Is (Bougainville and Guadalcanal), and N & NE Australia (Top End and NE Queensland); possibly also on Timor I. S. s. pluto G. S. Miller, 1910 — Philippines (Luzon, Catanduanes, Mindoro, Negros, and Mindanao Is).
Subspecies and Distribution. E. d. dianae Hill, 1956 - Solomon Is (Malaita, Guadalcanal, and Rennell). E. d. fruhstorferi Flannery, 1994 — Papua New Guinea (Western, Southern Highlands, and Gulf provinces). E. d. rickwooodi Flannery, 1994 - Bismarck Archipelago (Mussau, New Britain, and New Ireland Is), and N & W Solomon Is (Bougainville and Santa Isabel Is). in Emballonuridae
Subspecies and Distribution. E. d. dianae Hill, 1956 - Solomon Is (Malaita, Guadalcanal, and Rennell). E. d. fruhstorferi Flannery, 1994 — Papua New Guinea (Western, Southern Highlands, and Gulf provinces). E. d. rickwooodi Flannery, 1994 - Bismarck Archipelago (Mussau, New Britain, and New Ireland Is), and N & W Solomon Is (Bougainville and Santa Isabel Is).
Subspecies and Distribution. H. c. ceruinus Gould, 1854 -Sulawesi and adjacent Is, Talaud, Moluccas, Kai, and Aru Is, New Guinea (including Waigeo and Yapen Is), Admiralty Is (Manus), Bismarck and Louisiade archipelagos, NE Australia (Cape York Peninsula and Moa and Albany Is), Solomon Is, and Vanuatu. H. c. labuanensisTomes, 1859-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra (includingMentawai, Enggano, and Bangka Is), Borneo, Kangean Is, and Philippines (Palawan and Mindanao Is). in Hipposideridae
Subspecies and Distribution. H. c. ceruinus Gould, 1854 -Sulawesi and adjacent Is, Talaud, Moluccas, Kai, and Aru Is, New Guinea (including Waigeo and Yapen Is), Admiralty Is (Manus), Bismarck and Louisiade archipelagos, NE Australia (Cape York Peninsula and Moa and Albany Is), Solomon Is, and Vanuatu. H. c. labuanensisTomes, 1859-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra (includingMentawai, Enggano, and Bangka Is), Borneo, Kangean Is, and Philippines (Palawan and Mindanao Is).
Subspecies and Distribution. H. c. calcaratus Dobson, 1877 — Admiralty Is (Manus), Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Is, Trobriand Is (Kiriwina), D'Entrecasteaux Is (Normanby), and Misima I; probably on other inshore Is of New Guinea. H. c. cupidus K. Andersen, 1918 mainland New Guinea and Yapen I. in Hipposideridae
Subspecies and Distribution. H. c. calcaratus Dobson, 1877 — Admiralty Is (Manus), Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Is, Trobriand Is (Kiriwina), D'Entrecasteaux Is (Normanby), and Misima I; probably on other inshore Is of New Guinea. H. c. cupidus K. Andersen, 1918 mainland New Guinea and Yapen I.
Distribution. Mainland SE Asia, Philippines, Indonesian Archipelago, New Guinea (including Bismarck Archipelago), Solomon Is, and NE Australia; also on N Nicobar Is. in Family Hipposideridae (Old World Leaf-nosed Bats)
Distribution. Mainland SE Asia, Philippines, Indonesian Archipelago, New Guinea (including Bismarck Archipelago), Solomon Is, and NE Australia; also on N Nicobar Is.
Subspecies and Distribution. A. t. tricuspidatus Temminck, 1835 — Moluccas. A. t. koopmani Schütter, S. L. Wilhams & Hill, 1983 — Bismarck Archipelago, D'Entrecasteaux Is, Kiriwina I, Misima I, Woodlark I, and Solomon Is. A. t. novaeguinae Schütter, S. L. Williams & Hill, 1983 -E New Guinea and Misool, Numfor, Supiori, Biak, and Yapen Is. A. t. novehebridensis Sanborn & Nicholson, 1950 -Vanuatu (Espiritu Santo, Aore, and Malekula Is). in Hipposideridae
Subspecies and Distribution. A. t. tricuspidatus Temminck, 1835 — Moluccas. A. t. koopmani Schütter, S. L. Wilhams & Hill, 1983 — Bismarck Archipelago, D'Entrecasteaux Is, Kiriwina I, Misima I, Woodlark I, and Solomon Is. A. t. novaeguinae Schütter, S. L. Williams & Hill, 1983 -E New Guinea and Misool, Numfor, Supiori, Biak, and Yapen Is. A. t. novehebridensis Sanborn & Nicholson, 1950 -Vanuatu (Espiritu Santo, Aore, and Malekula Is).
FIGURE 3. Eumunida turbulenta n in New occurrences of squat lobsters of the genus Eumunida Smith, 1883 (Decapoda Eumunididae) in New Caledonia, the Solomon Islands and Papua-New Guinea with the description of a new species
FIGURE 3. Eumunida turbulenta n. sp., holotype, ov. F 16.0 mm, Chesterfield Islands (MNHN-IU-2014-23780). A, right P1, dorsal. B, right P1, ventral. C, right P2, lateral. D, right P2 dactylus, lateral. E, right P3, lateral. F, right P4, lateral. Scale: A–C, E, F = 2.0 mm; D = 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 2. Eumunida turbulenta n in New occurrences of squat lobsters of the genus Eumunida Smith, 1883 (Decapoda Eumunididae) in New Caledonia, the Solomon Islands and Papua-New Guinea with the description of a new species
FIGURE 2. Eumunida turbulenta n. sp., A–E, H, holotype, ov. F 16.0 mm, Chesterfield Islands (MNHN-IU-2014-23780); F, E. annulosa, F 16.0 mm, New Caledonia (MNHN-IU-2014-23761); G, E. sternomaculata, F 14.7 mm, New Caledonia (MNHN- IU-2011-4533). A, carapace and abdomen, dorsal. B, carapace, right side, lateral. C, sternal plastron. D, telson. E–G, left antenna, ventral. H, right Mxp3 ischium to carpus, lateral. Scale: A–D = 2.0 mm; E–H = 1.0 mm.
Data from: High Rates of Asymptomatic, Sub-microscopic Plasmodium vivax Infection and Disappearing Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in an Area of Low Transmission in Solomon Islands
Introduction: Solomon Islands is intensifying national efforts to achieve malaria elimination. A long history of indoor spraying with residual insecticides, combined recently with distribution of long lasting insecticidal nets and artemether-lumefantrine therapy, has been implemented in Solomon Islands. The impact of these interventions on local endemicity of Plasmodium spp. is unknown. Methods: In 2012, a cross-sectional survey of 3501 residents of all ages was conducted in Ngella, Central Islands Province, Solomon Islands. Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae was assessed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and light microscopy (LM). Presence of gametocytes was determined by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Results: By qPCR, 468 Plasmodium spp. infections were detected (prevalence=13.4%; 463 P. vivax, five mixed P. falciparum/P. vivax, no P. ovale or P. malariae) versus 130 by LM (prevalence=3.7%; 126 P. vivax, three P. falciparum and one P. falciparum/P. vivax). The prevalence of P. vivax infection varied significantly among villages (range 3.0-38.5%, p<0.001) and across age groups (5.3-25.9%, p<0.001). Of 468 P. vivax infections, 72.9% were sub-microscopic, 84.5% afebrile and 60.0% were both sub-microscopic and afebrile. Local residency, low education level of the household head and living in a household with at least one other P. vivax infected individual increased the risk of P. vivax infection. Overall, 23.5% of P. vivax infections had concurrent gametocytaemia. Of all P. vivax positive samples, 29.2% were polyclonal by MS16 and msp1F3 genotyping. All five P. falciparum infections were detected in residents of the same village, carried the same msp2 allele and four were positive for P. falciparum gametocytes. Conclusion: P. vivax infection remains endemic in Ngella, with the majority of cases afebrile and below the detection limit of LM. P. falciparum has nearly disappeared, but the risk of re-introductions and outbreaks due to travel to nearby islands with higher malaria endemicity remains.
FIGURE 10 in Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography
FIGURE 10. Simulium (M.) nr. selwynense, Makira (Santa Cristobal). Penultimate/early lastinstar larva. a, left lateral view. b, pharate pupal gill. c, hypostomal teeth. d, mandible teeth, sensillum, and serrations. e, dorsal view of head, probably female. f, hypostoma and postgenal cleft. g, anal sclerite and circlet of hooks.
FIGURE 5a–c in Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography
FIGURE 5a–c. Simulium (M.) nr. selwynense, Santa Isobel. Lastinstar larvae. a, left lateral views, female upper, male lower. b, dorsal view of female larva head. c, dorsal view of male larva head.
FIGURE 7 in Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography
FIGURE 7. Simulium (G.) rhopaloides n. sp. Guadalcanal. Early last instar larva, Holotype. a, left lateral view. b, pharate pupal gill. c, hypostomal teeth. d, mandible teeth, sensillum, and serrations. e, dorsal view of head. f, hypostoma and postgenal cleft. g, anal sclerite and circlet of hooks.
FIGURE 4 in Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography
FIGURE 4. Simulium (M.) nr. selwynense, Rendova, New Georgia Islands. Lastinstar larva. a, left lateral view. b, pharate pupal gill. c, hypostomal teeth. d, mandible teeth, sensillum, and serrations. e, dorsal view of head. f, hypostoma and postgenal cleft. g, anal sclerite and circlet of hooks.
FIGURE 1 in Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography
FIGURE 1. Bougainville (PNG) and the Solomon Islands. The 200m bathymetric contour is indicated. Numbers and letters associated with islands are number of recognised species and subgenus (M = Morops, G = Gomphostilbia).
FIGURE 5 in Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography
FIGURE 5. Simulium (M.) nr. selwynense, Santa Isobel. Lastinstar larvae. d, pharate pupal gill. e, hypostomal teeth. f, anal sclerite and circlet of hooks. g, hypostoma and postgenal cleft. h, mandible teeth, sensillum, and serrations.
FIGURE 9a–c in Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography
FIGURE 9a–c. Simulium (M.) nr. pohaense, Malaita. Last instar larva. a, left lateral view, male. b, dorsal view, female larva head. c, dorsal view, male larva head.
FIGURE 3 in Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography
FIGURE 3. Simulium (G.) noroense, New Georgia, New Georgia Islands. Penultimate instar larva. a, left lateral view. b, pharate pupal gill. c, hypostomal teeth. d, mandible teeth, sensillum, and serration. e, dorsal view of head. f, hypostoma and postgenal cleft. g, anal sclerite and circlet of hooks.
FIGURE 2 in Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography
FIGURE 2. Simulium (G.) noroense, Kolumbangara, New Georgia Islands. Penultimate instar larva. a, left lateral view. b, pharate pupal gill. c, hypostomal teeth. d, mandible teeth, sensillum, and serration. e, dorsal view of head. f, hypostoma and postgenal cleft. g, anal sclerite and circlet of hooks.
FIGURE 11 in Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography
FIGURE 11. Localities of new Simuliidae material from the Solomon Islands. a, Stream near Ringgi, Kolumbangara, New Georgia Islands. b, Upper Sakumbare River, New Georgia, New Georgia Islands. c, Upper Toropi River, Rendova, New Georgia Islands (J. Polhemus in background). d, Garana River (3 km inland), Santa Isabel. e, Charovuga River, Guadalcanal. f, Aluta River, cascade, Malaita (R. Englund in background). g, Puepue River, Makira.
FIGURE 8 in Simuliidae (Diptera) of the Solomon Islands: new records and species, ecology, and biogeography
FIGURE 8. Simulium (G.) hiroshii, Malaita. Female adult. a, left lateral view. b, frontal view of head. Specimen in alcohol.
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