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4,034 results for “Species associations”
FIGURES 16 – 23. Dicerataspis grenadensis. 16 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 16 – 23. Dicerataspis grenadensis. 16. Head, anterior view (140 x, 100 m); 17. Female antenna (204 x, 100 m); 18. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (280 x, 100 m); 19. Pronotal plate (366 x, 20 m); 20. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (120 x, 100 m); 21. Mesosoma, dorsal view (130 x, 100 m); 22. Forewing (10 x, 0,5 mm); 23. Metacoxa (130 x, 100 m).
FIGURES 56 – 63. Leptopilina boulardi. 56 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 56 – 63. Leptopilina boulardi. 56. Head, anterior view (407 x, 20 m); 57. Female antenna (309 x, 20 m); 58. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (267 x, 20 m); 59. Pronotal plate (790 x, 20 m); 60. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (100 x, 100 m); 61. Mesosoma, dorsal view (335 x, 20 m); 62. Forewing (10 x, 0.14 mm); 63. Metacoxa (230 x, 100 m).
FIGURES 48 – 55. Aganaspis nordlanderi. 48 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 48 – 55. Aganaspis nordlanderi. 48. Head, anterior view (174 x, 100 m); 49. Female antenna (66 x, 250 m); 50. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (84 x, 100 m); 51. Pronotal plate (105 x, 100 m); 52, Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (35 x, 500 m); 53. Mesosoma, dorsal view (74 x, 250 m); 54. Forewing (10 x, 0,5 mm); 55. Metacoxa (120 x, 100 m).
FIGURE 11 in Description of a new Oriental stonefly species, Phanoperla constanspina (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Mindanao, Philippines and association of life stages using DNA barcoding
FIGURE 11. Phanoperla constanspina sp. nov. male nymphal habitus illustrating two general body pigmentation types. (A) (Haplotype: N-J 25. m) Pale to lighter brown, sometimes with darker wingpad tips. (B) (Haplotype: N-G 49. m). Dark to darker brown, sometimes with dark to black wingpads.
FIGURE 8 in Description of a new Oriental stonefly species, Phanoperla constanspina (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Mindanao, Philippines and association of life stages using DNA barcoding
FIGURE 8. Phanoperla constanspina sp. nov. egg. (A) Entire egg. (B) Chorionic details. (C) Collar end (D) Anterior end. Scale = 100 µm.
Growth traits of a tropical timber species at Southeast Asia, Shorea macrophylla, and scripts for genome wide association study and genomic prediction
<p><em><span>Shorea macrophylla</span></em><span> is a commercially important tropical tree species grown for timber and oil. It is amenable to plantation forestry due to its fast initial growth. Genomic selection (GS) has been used in tree breeding studies to shorten long breeding cycles but has not previously been applied to <em>S. macrophylla</em>. To build genomic prediction models for GS, leaves and growth trait data were collected from a half-sib progeny population of <em>S. macrophylla</em> in Sari Bumi Kusuma forest concession, central Kalimantan, Indonesia. 18037 SNP markers were identified in two ddRAD-seq libraries. Genomic prediction models based on these SNPs were then generated for breast height and total height in the 7th year from planting (D7 and H7). These traits were chosen because of their relatively high narrow-sense genomic heritability and because seven years was considered long enough to assess initial growth. Genomic prediction models were built using 12 methods with the full set of identified SNPs and subsets of 48, 96, and 192 SNPs selected based on the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The GBLUP and RKHS methods gave the highest predictive ability (PA) for D7 and H7 and showed that D7 has an additive genetic architecture while H7 has an epistatic genetic architecture. LightGBM and CNN1D also achieved high PA for D7 with 48 and 96 selected SNPs, and for H7 with 96 and 192 selected SNPs, showing that gradient boosting decision trees and deep learning can be useful in genomic prediction. For almost all methods and both traits, PA was higher when SNPs were selected based on their GWAS P-values than when using the full set of SNPs. These results suggest that GS with GWAS-based SNP selection could be used in <em>S. macrophylla </em>breeding to improve initial growth and reduce genotyping costs for next generation seedlings.</span></p>
Climate-associated variation in the drivers of benthic macroinvertebrate species-area relationships across shallow freshwater lakes
<p><span>The island species-area relationship (ISAR) describes how species richness increases with increasing area of a given island or island-like habitat, such as freshwater lakes. </span><span>While the ISAR is one of the most common phenomena observed in ecology, there is variation in both the form of the relationship and its underlying mechanisms.</span></p> <p><span>We compiled a global dataset of benthic macroinvertebrates from 524 shallow freshwater lakes, ranging from 1 to 293300 ha in area. We used individual-based rarefaction to determine the degree to which ISAR was influenced by mechanisms other than passive sampling (larger islands passively sample more individuals from the regional pool and, therefore, have more species than smaller islands), which would bias results away from expected relationships between rarefied species richness (and other measures that capture relative abundances) and lake area. We also examined how climate may alter the shape of the ISARs. </span></p> <p><span>We found that both rarefied species richness (the number of species standardized by area or number of individuals) and a measure of evenness emphasizing common species exhibit non-significant relationships with lake area, suggesting that the expected ISARs in these lakes most likely result from passive sampling. </span><span>While there was considerable variation among ISARs across the investigated lakes, we found an overall positive rarefied ISAR for lakes in warm (i.e., tropical/subtropical) regions (n = 195), and in contrast, an overall negative rarefied ISAR in cool (i.e., north temperate) lakes (n = 329). This suggested that mechanisms beyond passive sampling (e.g., colonization-extinction dynamics and/or heterogeneity) were more likely to operate in warm lakes. One possible reason for this difference is that the area-dependent intensity of fish predation, which can lead to flatter ISARs, is weaker in warmer relative to cooler lakes.</span></p> <p><span>Our study illustrates the importance of understanding both the pattern and potential processes underlying the ISARs of freshwater lakes in different climatic regions. Further, it provides a baseline for understanding how further changes to the ecosystem (i.e., in lake area or climate) might influence biodiversity patterns. </span></p>
Fig. 7 in Species Composition And Distribution Of The Dominant Flyingfishes (Exocoetidae) Associated With The Kuroshio Current, South China Sea
Fig. 7. Monthly median (square dot) with 25 th and 75th quartiles (vertical line) for (a) flyingfishes catch proportion (proportion of catch, adjusted by number of trips in the month, to the overall catches of the sampling year), (b) SST (°C), (c) tide level (cm), and (d) tidal range (cm). Tidal range in the plot is the difference of tide level within one hour. Dashed lines indicate roughly the area with high catch
Fig. 5 in Species Composition And Distribution Of The Dominant Flyingfishes (Exocoetidae) Associated With The Kuroshio Current, South China Sea
Fig. 5. Monthly flyingfish densities by (a) vertical catch layer (upper: Fig. 4. Flyingfish compositions of the six dominant species by 0–1.2 m, middle: 1.2–2.4 m, and bottom: 2.4–3.6 m), and (b) mesh sampling area, collected by in-port sampling and at-sea survey size of net (5.6 cm, 4 cm, and 2.8 cm for large, medium, and small
Fig. 11 in New Genera and Species of Oak-Associated Phylini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae) from Western North America
Fig. 11. Female genitalic structures, comprising bursa copulatrix and seminal depository in dorsal view, vestibulum in anterior view, and—if sclerotizations are present—posterior wall.
Fig. 9 in New Genera and Species of Oak-Associated Phylini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae) from Western North America
Fig. 9. Male genitalic structures, scanning micrographs, scale bar measurements in Mm. A, B. Crassomiris fatisco. A. left: posterior view of the left paramere, right: apex of the posterior process of the left paramere. B. posterolateral view of phallotheca and right paramere from the right side. C–E. Phallospinophylus setosus. C. posterolateral view of pygophore, showing patch of stout setae. D. patch of stout setae on the pygophore. E. phallotheca. F–H. Pygovepres vaccinicola. F. anterolateral view of pygophore, showing spinous process phallotheca and left paramere. G. left: spinous process, right: close up of one of the spines. H. apex of the phallotheca. I. Rubeospineus truncatus, phallotheca and left paramere from the left side.
Fig. 8 in New Genera and Species of Oak-Associated Phylini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae) from Western North America
Fig. 8. Detail of setae comprising hemelytral vestiture, scale bar: 50 Mm. A. Crassomiris fatisco. B. Phallospinophylus setosus. C. Pygovepres vaccinicola. D. Quercophylus gonoporospinus. E. Rubellomiris bispinosus. F. Rubeospineus truncatus. Slender and stout setae are indicated by a white or black asterisk, respectively.
Fig. 7 in New Genera and Species of Oak-Associated Phylini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae) from Western North America
Fig. 7. Pretarsus, scale bar: 50 Mm. A. Crassomiris fatisco. B. Phallospinophylus setosus. C. Pygovepres vaccinicola. D. Quercophylus gonoporospinus. E. Rubellomiris bispinosus. F. Rubeospineus truncatus.
Fig. 1 in New Genera and Species of Oak-Associated Phylini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae) from Western North America
Fig. 1. Habitus photographs of Crassomiris spp., Phallospinophylus setosus, Pygovepres vaccinicola, and Quercophylus gonoporospinus.
Fig. 6 in New Genera and Species of Oak-Associated Phylini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae) from Western North America
Fig. 6. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent gland evaporatory area, scale bar: 200 Mm. A. Crassomiris fatisco. B. Phallospinophylus setosus. C. Pygovepres vaccinicola. D. Quercophylus gonoporospinus. E. Rubellomiris bispinosus. F. Rubeospineus truncatus.
Fig. 4 in New Genera and Species of Oak-Associated Phylini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae) from Western North America
Fig. 4. Head and male genitalic structures of Pygovepres vaccinicola and Quercophylus gonoporospinus.
Fig. 3 in Description of a new genus and species of bopyrid (Isopoda: Epicaridea: Bopyridae) from the pinnotherid crab, Plenotheres coarctatus (Bürger, 1895), associated with mangrove clams from Vietnam
Fig. 3. Rhizophoracepon magnagibbus, new genus, new species, paratype females (ZRC 2023.0054). A, left antennule (A1) and antenna (A2); B, left barbula; C, left pereopod 1; D, left pereopod 7; E, left oostegite 1, outer view (dashed lines show close up of setae on posterior lobe); F, left oostegite 1, inner view (dashed lines show close up of setae on anterior lobe); G, left maxilliped, outer view; H, coxal plates and tergal projections on pereomeres 5–7; I, pleopod and lateral plate of pleomere 1, left side, dorsal view; J, pleopod and lateral plate of pleomere 5, left side, dorsal view (arrow shows where lateral plate was attached); K, uropods plus pleopod and lateral plate of pleomere 5 from left side, dorsal view; L, uropods plus pleopod and lateral plate of pleomere 5 from left side, ventral view. (cp = coxal plates, en = endopod, ex = exopod, lp = lateral plate, tp = tergal projections, Uro = uropods). Scale bars = 100 mm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B, E–L), 25 µm (insets of E, F).
Fig. 2 in Description of a new genus and species of bopyrid (Isopoda: Epicaridea: Bopyridae) from the pinnotherid crab, Plenotheres coarctatus (Bürger, 1895), associated with mangrove clams from Vietnam
Fig. 2. Light microscope images of the host crab Plenotheres coarctatus (Bürger, 1895) (ZRC 2022.0054) and the parasitic isopod Rhizophoracepon magnagibbus, new genus, new species. A, P. coarctatus, dorsal view showing swelling of left branchial chamber caused by R. magnagibbus (ZRC 2023.0053); B, P. coarctatus (Bürger, 1895), dorsal view showing swelling of left branchial caused by R. magnagibbus (ZRC 2023.0054); C, P. coarctatus, posterior view showing vaulted left branchial caused by R. magnagibbus (ZRC 2023.0054); D, paratype female, dorsal view (ZRC 2023.0053) from host shown in A; E, paratype female, ventral view from host shown in A; F, allotype male, dorsal view (ZRC 2023.0052); G, allotype male, ventral view (ZRC 2023.0052); H, holotype female, dorsal view (ZRC 2023.0051); I, paratype female and male pair, lateral view (ZRC 2023.0054), from host shown in B, C. Scale bars = 2.5 mm (A–C), 1.25 mm (D, E, H, I), 1 mm (F, G).
Fig. 1 in Description of a new genus and species of bopyrid (Isopoda: Epicaridea: Bopyridae) from the pinnotherid crab, Plenotheres coarctatus (Bürger, 1895), associated with mangrove clams from Vietnam
Fig. 1. Live images of the host crab Plenotheres coarctatus (Bürger, 1895) and the parasitic isopod Rhizophoracepon magnagibbus, new genus, new species. A, Plenotheres coarctatus, oblique lateral view showing swelling of left branchial chamber caused by R. magnagibbus (male parasite can be seen through swelling by the paired, opaque white dots to side of dark mid-line); B, Plenotheres coarctatus, dorsal view showing swelling of left branchial chamber caused by R. magnagibbus.
Fig. 5 in Phyllocnistis hemera sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new species of leaf-miner associated with Daphnopsis fasciculata (Thymelaeaceae) in the Atlantic Forest
Fig. 5. Scanning electron micrographs of P. hemera spinning larva: (A, B) head, dorsal and ventral views; (C) spinneret, antero-lateral (arrow indicates functional aperture); (D) head, lateral; (E) detail of trophic lobe, dorsal; (F) prothoracic shield, dorsal; (G) prothoracic spiracle, lateral; (H) antenna, anterior; (I) meso- and metathoracic calli, ventral; (J) mesothoracic callus in detail (indicated by rectangle in I), ventral; (K) abdominal segments Ab 7-10, dorsal; (L) latero-sensillum indicated by arrow in K, dorsal; (M) abdominal segment Ab 7, ventral (arrow indicates one of the calli); (N) callus in detail, ventral (indicated by arrow in M); (O) last abdominal segment, ventral. Scale bars: 200 (A, B, D, E, K), 150 (C,F), 10 (G, N), 20 (H, L), 250 (I), 80 (J, O), 100 µm (M).
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.