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11,837 results for “Stress;”
The dataset from a submitted journal entitled "Characterization of the Mamasa earthquake source in West Sulawesi based on the earthquake relocation data, gravity data, and coulomb stress change of Palu earthquake series"Dataset for paper
<p>This dataset consists of four files, namely:<br> 1. Coulomb Stress Input file. This data is input data for Coulomb 3.3 software<br> 2. Double Couple Percentage. This table is used for the Spatio-temporal Compensated Linear Vector Dipole (CLVD) analysis<br> 3. Gravity data. This data consists of coordinates, altitude, and Complete Bouguer Anomaly.<br> 4. Residual comparison of before and after the relocation. This table is to ensure that our relocation is successful</p>
Supplementary data: Computational analysis of mechanical stress in colonic diverticulosis
<p>The data set contains code, source data, and derivatives data for the results presented in our research paper titled "Computational analysis of mechanical stress in colonic diverticulosis".</p> <p>The "code" contains Abaqus (SIMULIA, Providence, RI) files for the simulations presented in the paper (tested with Abaqus version 6.13) and jupyter notebooks developed to analyze simulation results.</p> <p>The "sourcedata" folder contains Excel files with parameters used for the simulations as well as data directly extracted from the simulation results.</p> <p>The "derivatives" folder contains secondary data calculated based on the files from "sourcedata".</p> <p>The README document included in the dataset contains a more detailed description of the files and folders.</p>
Fig. 3 in Water pH and hardness alter ATPases and oxidative stress in the gills and kidney of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)
Fig. 3. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content (nmol TMP mg wet tissue-1) in a. gills and b. kidney of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) juveniles under different water hardness and pH at different times. LWH = low water hardness (50 mg CaCO L-1); HWH = high water hardness (120 mg CaCO L-1). Data are presented as the means ± SEM (n = 3 3 9 fish treatment–1). Different uppercase letters indicate statistically differences between pH at the same hardness (P <0.05). Different lowercase letters indicate statistically differences between hardness at the same pH (P <0.05).
Fig. 2 in Water pH and hardness alter ATPases and oxidative stress in the gills and kidney of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)
Fig. 2. Total antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (ACAP) (relative area) in a. gills and b. kidney of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) juveniles under different water hardness and pH at different times. LWH = low water hardness (50 mg CaCO L-1); HWH = high water hardness (120 mg CaCO L-1). Data are presented as the means ± SEM (n = 9 fish treatment–1). 3 3 Different uppercase letters indicate statistically differences between pH at the same hardness (P <0.05).
Natural variation across Arabidopsis diversity panel in early responses to salt stress
<p>The data of Arabidopsis thaliana accessions which were grown according to the established protocol for studying salt stress in soil experiment (described in detail here dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.4xzgxp6), in the PSI facility, Czech Republic. </p>
Spatially corrected dataset for natural variation across Arabidopsis diversity panel in early responses to salt stress
<p>The spatially corrected data of Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, which were grown according to the established protocol for studying salt stress in soil experiment (described in detail here dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.4xzgxp6), in the PSI facility, Czech Republic.</p> <p>The spatial correction was done using the asreml package. The data was subsequently used for the Genome-Wide Association Study. </p>
Light micrographs on the morphological response to heat stress in the filamentous Zygnematophyceae Mougeotia sp. and Spirogyra pratensis
<p>Herein are the light micrographs of <em>Mougeotia</em> sp. and <em>Spirogyra pratensis</em> that were used to obtain the quantitative information for Figure 1 in the article "Heat stress response in the closest algal relatives of land plants reveals conserved stress signaling circuits" published in The Plant Journal, doi: 10.1111/tpj.14782</p>
Abiotic stress mediated modulation of chromatin landscape in Arabidopsis thaliana
<p>This dataset include figures and supplementary material for the manuscript entitled<strong> </strong>"Abiotic stress mediated modulation of chromatin landscape in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana" </em>to be published in Journal of Experimental Botany special issue focused on Chromatin.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary File 1:</strong> Table describing read count, mapping percentage and genome coverage from each sample in FAIRE-seq and DNase-seq.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary File 2:</strong> List of DHSs obtained from control and stress subjected samples.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary File 3:</strong> List of FIRs obtained from control and stress subjected samples.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary File 4:</strong> List of uniquely merged OCRs with respective chromatin accessibility score in cold, heat, salt and drought stress.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary File 5:</strong> List of GO terms enriched in nrOCRs, SRCRs, and SACRs.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary File 6:</strong> List of GO terms enriched in overlapping nrOCRs, SRCRs, and SACRs.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary File 7:</strong> List of digital footprints (DFPs) obtained from nrOCRs regions of control-cold, control-heat, control-salt and control-drought pairs.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary File 8: </strong>Annotation details of the chromatin regions which were either found to be in state of accessible (CAS > 0.2) or inaccessible (CAS < -0.2) upon exposure to all of the stresses studied (heat, cold, salt and drought stress).</p> <p><strong>Supplementary Fig S1: Overlap of DHSs in control sample of present study with previously published studies.</strong></p> <p>A Venn diagram showing overlap of DNase hypersensitive sites (DHSs) found in control sample of present study and Zhang et al 2010 (<strong>A</strong>) and Sullivan et al 2014 (<strong>B</strong>). The statistical significance of overlap is calculate using hypergeometric Fischer`s exact test.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary Fig S2: Genomic locations of DHSs and FIRs</strong></p> <p>A line diagram representing the genomic location of unique DHSs and FIRs over each chromosome. DHSs/FIRs identified from each sample were merged to generate unique non-redundant subset of DHSs/FIRs before plotting over genome.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary Fig S3: Validation of correlation between OCRs and gene expression using microarray.</strong></p> <p>Box plot representing expression of genes (log10(normalised expression)) whose various structual elements fall in OCRs.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary Fig S4: First exons are highly enriched in both DHSs and FIRs</strong></p> <p> A bar plot showing presence of uFIRs, uDHSs, and ovOCRs in various positions of exon in Arabidopsis genes. The X-axis represent the exon number whereas Y-axis represent the fraction of OCRs found in each exon number.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary Fig S5: Validation of correlation between Ha-SACRs/Ha-SRCRs and gene expression using microarray.</strong></p> <p>Relative expression of genes (log2 fold change) corresponding to Ha-SACRs (Top) and (Ha-SRCRs (bottom) in cold (A), heat (B), salt (C) and drought (D) stress are plotted as box plot (p- value from Mann-Whitney test). To further compare RNA-seq data of salt stress with microarray, RNA-seq data was down-sampled to include genes which were also present in microarray data (E).</p> <p><strong>Supplementary Fig S6: Genomic location of SACRs and SRCRs found in Drought sample.</strong></p> <p>A snapshot of Integrative Genome Viewer (IGV) showing genomic location of stress activated chromatin regions (SACRs) and stress repressed chromatin region (SRCRs) in drought sample. The location of the centromere on each chromosome is shown as green bar IGV track.</p>
Research data supporting for Stress-induced amorphization triggers deformation in the lithospheric mantle
<p>Original TEM micrographs used to prepare the figures of the article</p>
Data for 'Future Transboundary Water Stress and Its Drivers Under Climate Change: A Global Study'
<p><strong>This dataset is a supplement to the following publication (please cite that when using the data):</strong></p> <p>Munia et al. 2020. Future transboundary water stress and its drivers under climate change: a global study. Earth’s future. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001321">https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001321</a></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Water stress category data</strong></p> <p>Dataset presents the water stress category in transboundary basins at sub-basin level for different scenarios (see article for details):</p> <ul> <li> <p>stress_category_Historical.gpkg: stress for years 1980 and 2010</p> </li> <li> <p>stress_category_SSP1‐RCP26.gpkg: stress for year 2050, SSP1‐RCP2.6 scenario</p> </li> <li> <p>stress_category_SSP1‐RCP45.gpkg: stress for year 2050, SSP1‐RCP4.5 scenario</p> </li> <li> <p>stress_category_SSP2‐RCP60.gpkg: stress for year 2050, SSP2‐RCP6.0 scenario</p> </li> <li> <p>stress_category_SSP3‐RCP60.gpkg: stress for year 2050, SSP3‐RCP6.0 scenario</p> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>Dataset specifications:</strong></p> <p>Type: geopackage (gpkg)</p> <p>Spatial extent: -165, 141.5, -54.5, 70.5 (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)</p> <p>Temporal extent: see above</p> <p>Projection: long/lat WGS84 (EPSG:4326)</p> <p>Information: sub-basin name, country, stress level, stress category</p> <p>Unit: -</p> <p> </p>
Residual stresses in clad pressure vessel steel measured by contour method
<p>Data from contour method cut surfaces of low alloy steel plates clad in stainless steel. Two plates, each measuring 300 mm (length) x 200 mm (width) x 20 mm (thickness), were extracted from the outer cylindrical structure of a nuclear steam generator. The material was forged 18MND5 (French designation equivalent to A 508 Gr.3 Cl. 1). Stainless steel beads were then deposited, by submerged arc strip cladding, on the plates. One plate was clad in a single layer of AISI 309L, the second one was clad with a double layer, 309L followed by 308L. The datasets are in the form of lists of x, y, z coordinates, with one point per line, whitespace delimited in millimetres. Each cut has four files associated to it, two for each cut surface. For each surface, there is an outline file identifying the cut surface periphery and a points file containing the points lying on the surface. Two .mat files have also been uploaded, with the results from the analyses on the single and double layer clad plates.</p> <p>These measurements are part of a broader experimental investigation to better understand the role of residual stresses in underclad cracking. The contour method was used to characterise residual stresses in conjunction with neutron diffraction measurements. The details of the experimental procedure and other information will be found in the paper “Internal stresses in a clad pressure vessel steel during post-weld heat treatment and their relevance to underclad cracking" Cattivelli et al., soon to be published.</p>
Reduced stress defense responses contribute to the higher toxicity of a pesticide under warming
<p>There is a pressing need to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the, often magnifying, interactive effects between contaminants and natural stressors. We here test our hypothesis that lower general stress defense responses contribute to synergistic interactions between stressors. We focus on the widespread pattern that many contaminants are more toxic at higher temperatures. Specifically, we tested the effects of an environmentally realistic low-effect and high-effect concentration of the pesticide chlorpyrifos under warming at the gene expression level in the Northern house mosquito <em>Culex pipiens molestus</em> (Forskal, 1775). By applying the independent action model for combined stressors on RNA-seq data, we identified interactive gene expression patterns under combined exposure to chlorpyrifos and warming for general stress defense responses: protection of macromolecules, antioxidant processes, detoxification, and energy metabolism/allocation. Most of these general stress defense response genes showed upregulated antagonistic interactions, i.e. were less upregulated than expected under the independent action model. This indicates that when pesticide exposure was combined with warming the general stress defense responses were no longer buffering increased stress levels, which may contribute to a higher sensitivity to toxicants under warming. These upregulated antagonistic interactions were stronger for the high-effect chlorpyrifos concentration, indicating that exposure to this concentration under warming was most stressful. Our results highlight that quantitative analysis of the frequency and strength of the interaction types of general stress defense response genes, specifically focusing on antagonistic upregulations and synergistic downregulations, may advance understanding of how natural stressors modify the toxicity of contaminants.</p>
mRNA expression data of genes related to mitochondrial quality control in hepatopancreas of the two marine bivalves, Mytilus edulis and Crassostrea gigas, during short-term hypoxia/reoxygenation stress
<p>Coastal environments commonly experience strong oxygen fluctuations. Resulting hypoxia/reoxygenation stress can negatively affect mitochondrial functions, since oxygen deficiency impairs ATP generation, whereas a surge of oxygen causes mitochondrial damage by oxidative stress mechanisms. Marine intertidal bivalves are adapted to fluctuating oxygen conditions, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms that sustain mitochondrial integrity and function during oxygen fluctuations are not yet well understood. We used targeted mRNA expression analysis to determine the potential involvement of the mitochondrial quality control mechanisms in responses to short-term hypoxia (24 h at <0.01% O<sub>2</sub>) and subsequent reoxygenation (1.5 h at 21% O<sub>2</sub>) in two hypoxia-tolerant marine bivalves, the Pacific oysters <em>Crassostrea gigas</em> and the blue mussels <em>Mytilus edulis</em>. To test these hypotheses, We focused on the transcript levels of the following marker genes: for mitochondrial fission and fusion - <em>mfn</em>2 (encoding mitofusin 2), <em>opa</em>1 (mitochondrial dynamin-like 120kDa protein), <em>dnm</em>1<em>l </em>(dynamin-1-like protein), <em>mff</em> (mitochondrial fission factor), <em>fis</em>1 (mitochondrial fission protein 1); for protein and DNA quality control - <em>tsfm</em> (encoding mitochondrial translation elongation factor Ts), <em>lonp</em>1 (mitochondrial Lon protease), <em>spg</em>7 (paraplegin), <em>oma</em>1 (mitochondrial metalloendopeptidase OMA1), <em>clpB</em> (mitochondrial caseinolytic matrix peptidase chaperone subunit B), <em>atp</em>23 (mitochondrial inner membrane protease ATP23), <em>twnk</em> (mitochondrial twinkle mtDNA helicase); and for mitophagy - <em>mieap</em> (encoding mitochondrial eating protein), <em>hyou</em>1 (hypoxia upregulated protein 1), <em>prkn</em> (parkin), <em>pink</em>1 (PTEN- induced kinase 1), and <em>pgam</em>5 (mitochondrial serine/threonine protein phosphatase PGAM5). The revealed species-specific differences in the expression of the mitochondrial quality control pathways shed light on the potentially important mechanisms of mitochondrial protection against H/R-induced damage that might contribute to hypoxia tolerance in marine bivalves. </p>
Biogeographic parallels in thermal tolerance and gene expression variation under temperature stress in a widespread bumble bee
<p>Global temperature changes have emphasized the need to understand how species adapt to thermal stress across their ranges. Genetic mechanisms may contribute to variation in thermal tolerance, providing evidence for how organisms adapt to local environments. We determine physiological thermal limits and characterize genome-wide transcriptional changes at these limits in bumble bees using laboratory-reared <em>Bombus vosnesenskii</em> workers. We analyze bees reared from latitudinal (35.7–45.7°N) and altitudinal (7–2154 m) extremes of the species' range to correlate thermal tolerance and gene expression among populations from different climates. We find that critical thermal minima (CT<sub>MIN</sub>) exhibit strong associations with local minimums at the location of queen origin, while critical thermal maximum (CT<sub>MAX</sub>) was invariant among populations. Concordant patterns are apparent in gene expression data, with regional differentiation following cold exposure, and expression shifts invariant among populations under high temperatures. Furthermore, we identify several modules of co-expressed genes that tightly correlate with critical thermal limits and temperature at the region of origin. Our results reveal that local adaptation in thermal limits and gene expression may facilitate cold tolerance across a species range, whereas high temperature responses are likely constrained, both of which may have implications for climate change responses of bumble bees.</p>
Evolution under pH stress and high population densities leads to increased density-dependent fitness in the protist Tetrahymena thermophila
<p>Abiotic stress is a major force of selection that organisms are constantly facing. While the evolutionary effects of various stressors have been broadly studied, it is only more recently that the relevance of interactions between evolution and underlying ecological conditions, that is, eco-evolutionary feedbacks, have been highlighted. Here, we experimentally investigated how populations adapt to pH-stress under high population densities. Using the protist species <em>Tetrahymena thermophila</em>, we studied how four different genotypes evolved in response to stressfully low pH conditions and high population densities. We found that genotypes underwent evolutionary changes, some shifting up and others shifting down their intrinsic rates of increase (<em>r<sub>0</sub></em>). Overall, evolution at low pH led to the convergence of <em>r<sub>0</sub></em> and intraspecific competitive ability (<em>α</em>) across the four genotypes. Given the strong correlation between <em>r<sub>0</sub></em> and <em>α</em>, we argue that this convergence was a consequence of selection for increased density-dependent fitness at low pH under the experienced high density conditions. Increased density-dependent fitness was either attained through increase in <em>r<sub>0</sub></em> , or decrease of <em>α</em>, depending on the genetic background. In conclusion, we show that demography can influence the direction of evolution under abiotic stress.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Optimizing Coastal Restoration with the Stress Gradient Hypothesis
Restoration efforts have been escalating worldwide in response to widespread habitat degradation. However, coastal restoration attempts notoriously vary in their ability to establish resilient, high-functioning ecosystems. Conventional restoration attempts disperse transplants in competition-minimizing arrays, yet recent studies suggest that clumping transplants to maximize facilitative, intraspecific interactions improves restoration success. Here, we modify the Stress Gradient Hypothesis to generate predictions about where each restoration design will perform best across environmental stress gradients. We then test the model by combining measurements of physical stress with a field experiment manipulating transplant density and configuration across coastal dune elevational zones and latitudes. In hurricane-damaged Georgia (USA) dunes, grass transplanted in competition-minimizing (low-density, dispersed) arrays exhibited the highest growth, resilience to disturbance, and dune formation in low stress conditions. In contrast, facilitation-maximizing (high-density, clumped) arrays exhibited the highest survivorship in high stress conditions. Transplant survival was significantly lower on Massachusetts compared to Georgia dunes, suggesting there are thresholds above which intraspecific facilitation cannot overcome local stressors. Thus, switching from competition-minimizing to facilitation-maximizing transplant designs with increasing environmental stress can improve multiple metrics of restoration success, suggesting our modified Stress Gradient Hypothesis offers a roadmap for how to rebuild resilient, high-functioning coastal ecosystems.
The Impact of a Pressurized Regional Sea or Global Ocean on Stresses on Enceladus: Numerical models
<p>Comsol Multiphysics models solving the stress field in Enceladus' ice shell when a regional sea of global ocean is pressurized.</p> <p>Model parameters are included as part of the file name according to the template EnceladusT<em>t</em>D<em>d</em><em>Label</em>.mph with</p> <ul> <li><em>t</em> is the ice shell thickness</li> <li><em>d</em> is the thickness of the south polar sea or indentation</li> <li><em>Label </em>indicates model configuration <ul> <li><em>Fixed</em>: The base of the ice shell (outside the south polar sea) is in contact with the core with a no-slip boundary condition</li> <li><em>Roller</em>: The base of the ice shell (outside the south polar sea) is in contact with the core with a free-slip boundary condition</li> <li><em>Ocean</em>: The base of the ice shell is floating with a constant pressure condition; there is a single indentation at the South pole</li> <li><em>North</em>: The base of the ice shell is floating with a constant pressure condition; there are indentations at both poles, with the north pole indentation having half the thickness of the South pole indentation</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>There are two solved datasets in each model. The first uses a default value of the ocean angle (40°). The second results from a parameter sweep in which the sea angle varies systematically in increments of 2°.</p>
Data and script for: A marker of biological age explains individual variation in the strength of the adult stress response
<p>Data and script for: A marker of biological age explains individual variation in the strength of the adult stress response.</p> <p>Comprises 2 CSV data files and one R script.</p>
Arctic/Antarctic Ocean-Surface Stress Analysis, 2011-2021/2013-2021
<p>This record contains data related to article "Constructing Satellite-based Ocean-surface Stress and Ekman Circulation in the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans". It offers a high-resolution, daily analysis of ocean-surface stress and Ekman circulation over the Arctic and Southern Ocean, derived from multiplatform satellite observations.</p> <p>All data are projected onto a 25 km EASE2 grid with daily resolution. The dataset (netcdf) contains the following variables:</p> <p>- zonal components of ocean-surface stress (TAUx, N/m2)</p> <p>- meridional components of ocean-surface stress (TAUy, N/m2)</p> <p>- magnitude of ocean-surface stress (TAU, N/m2)</p> <p>- uncertainty estimates for TAUx (N/m2)</p> <p>- uncertainty estimates for TAUy (N/m2)</p> <p>- Ekman Pumping Rate (m/s)</p> <p>- Land mask</p> <p>- Longitude</p> <p>- Latitude</p> <p>L.Yu acknowledges the support of the NASA Vector Wind Science Team program for this research.</p> <p> </p>
Unraveling community adaption and survival strategy of soil microbiome under vanadium stress in nationwide mining environments
<p class="Abstract"><span><span>The vanadium (V) smelters soil harbor wide ranges of microorganisms, whose survival relies on their metabolic activities under stress.</span><span> Nonetheless, the characteristics and functions of soil microbiome in V mining environments have not been recognized at a continental scale. This study investigates microbial diversity, community assembly and metabolic traits of soil microbiome across 90 V smelters in China. A decrease in alpha diversity is observed, along with community variation, which is also jointly explained by other environmental, climatic and geographic factors. Null model shows that V promotes homogeneous selection. V also mediates co-occurrence patterns, with increased positive interspecific associations under higher V concentrations (</span><span>></span><span>559.6 mg/kg)</span><span>, e.g., <em>f_Gemmatimonadaceae</em>, <em>Nocardioides</em>, <em>Micromonospora</em>, <em>Rubrobacter</em>.</span><span> In addition, 67 metagenome assembled genomes are retrieved via metagenomic analysis. The metabolic pathways of keystone taxa are disentangled to reveal their putative involvement in the V(V) reduction process. Nitrate and nitrite reductase (<em>nirK</em>, <em>narG</em>), and <em>mtrABC</em> are found to be taxonomically affiliated with <em>Micromonospora</em>. sp, <em>FEN-1250</em>. sp, <em>Nocardioides</em>. sp, etc. Additionally, reverse citric acid cycle (rTCA) serves the main carbon fixation pathway, synthetizing alternative energy for putative V reducers, highlighting a synergistic relationship between autotrophic and heterotrophic processes to support the microbial survival. Our findings comprehensively reveal the driving forces for soil community variation under V stress, suggesting the robust strategies adopted by indigenous microorganisms to alleviate V impact, which can be exploited for bioremediation application.</span></span></p>
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