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F I G U R E 4 The top 10 in Untangling the web: dynamics of Australia s online terrestrial invertebrate trade
F I G U R E 4 The top 10 most popular invertebrate species in online pet stores, and those that also feature in the top 10 most popular species on the Australian classifieds website. Note that Urodacus elongatus (Flinders Ranges scorpion) has the same relative abundance in online pet stores as Exatosoma tiaratum (giant prickly stick insect), the overall most traded species online.
Top 1000 movies according to IMDb
<p>This dataset contains information about the top 1000 movies, as rated by IMDb users. Source code can be found in the following github repository: https://github.com/mruizmarc/top-1000-movies-according-to-imdb.</p> <p> </p> <p>This task is an assignment from a Master's degree from Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC).</p>
Dataset: Planetary-scale waves seen in thermal infrared images of Venusian cloud top
<p>The data archive contains data used in the paper "Planetary-Scale Waves Seen in Thermal Infrared Images of Venusian Cloud Top" by Kajiwara et al.</p> <p>The contents of the directories are as follows.</p> <p>"data_used_in_figures" : The table data used in the figures are given in Excel and CSV. The table format is described in the data files. An image in NetCDF format is also included.</p> <p>"time_series_of_brightness_temperature_gradient" : The files contain the time series of the longitudinal gradient of Venusian cloud's brightness temperature measured by LIR onboard JAXA's Venus orbiter Akatsuki. The data were derived and analyzed in the paper "Planetary-Scale Waves Seen in Thermal Infrared Images of Venusian Cloud Top" by Kajiwara et al. The filename represents the latitude for each time series (For example, "10N" means 10 degrees north, and "EQ" means the equator). In all files, the first column gives the approximate elapsed time in days from 18 May 2017: the exact dates are given in the paper (Table S1 in the Supporting Information). The second column gives the longitudinal gradient of the brightness temperature in unit of K/degree.</p>
BIOPEP-UWM: Calculations for top 23 selected peptides from ATHpin ranking of Cynara cardunculus swine blood hydrolysate FNF
<p>Calculations by BIOPEP (https://biochemia.uwm.edu.pl/biopep-uwm/) for top 23 selected peptides from ATHpin ranking of Cynara cardunculus swine blood hydrolysate FNF.</p>
MadGraph proton pair to top pair sample dataset (100 events)
<p>This is a small dataset for the purpose of code testing and examples with the HEP + ML packages produced to aid the research at the University of Southampton.</p>
Data from: Environmental drivers of population-level variation in the migratory and diving ontogeny of an Arctic top predator
<p>The development of migratory strategies that enable juveniles to survive to recruitment is critical for species that exploit seasonal niches. For animals that forage via breath-hold diving this requires a combination of both physiological and foraging skill development. Here, we assess how migratory and dive behaviour develop over the first months of life for a migratory Arctic top predator, the harp seal, tracked using animal-borne satellite relay data loggers. We reveal similarities in migratory movements and differences in diving behaviour between juveniles from breeding populations in the Northwest Atlantic and Greenland Sea. In both regions, periods of resident and transient behaviour during migration were associated with proxies for food availability; sea ice concentration and water depth. However, while ontogenetic development of dive behaviour was similar for both groups of juveniles over the first 25 days, after this time Greenland Sea animals performed shorter and shallower dives and were more closely associated with sea ice than Northwest Atlantic animals. Together, these results highlight the role of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors in shaping early-life behaviour. Differences in the environmental conditions experienced during early-life may shape how populations respond to the rapid changes occurring in the Arctic ocean ecosystem.</p>
Supplementary material: Picosecond pulse-shaping for strong three-dimensional field-free alignment of generic asymmetric-top molecules
<p><strong>Supplementary material to the manuscript <em>"Picosecond pulse-shaping for strong three-dimensional field-free alignment of generic asymmetric-top molecules"</em> by Terry Mullins, Evangelos T. Karamatskos, Joss Wiese, Jolijn Onvlee, Arnaud Rouzée, Andrey Yachmenev, Sebastian Trippel, and Jochen Küpper, <em>Nat Commun</em> 13, 1431 (2022). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28951-z">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28951-z</a>, arXiv: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.08157">2009.08157 </a></strong></p> <ul> <li> <em><strong>simulations_part.z*</strong> </em>is split zip archive containing simulations data for indole molecule, such as files with rotational probability density distributions computed at different times <span class="math-tex">\(t=0..1500\)</span> ps during the laser pulse and field-free evolution, and example python scripts for data retrieval.</li> <li><strong><em>rawdata_part.z*</em></strong> is split zip archive containing raw experimental data.</li> <li><strong><em>analysis_scripts.zip</em></strong> is zip archive containing experimental analysis codes.</li> </ul> <p><strong>The <em>simulations_part.zip</em> contains the following files and folders:</strong></p> <ul> <li><em><strong>prob_density_euler_angles</strong></em> contains files <em>rotdens_av_<time>.gz</em> with simulated state-averaged rotational probability density distributions in terms of Euler angles for different times <time>, ranging from the beginning of the alignment laser pulse at <span class="math-tex">\(t=0\)</span> up to <span class="math-tex">\(t=1500\)</span> ps with a time step of 1 ps.<br> Calculations of probability density distributions were done using <a href="https://github.com/CFEL-CMI/richmol">Richmol</a> program.<br> The gzipped ASCII data files <em>rotdens_av_<time>.gz</em> contain in columns the values of the Euler angles <span class="math-tex">\(\phi,\theta,\chi\)</span> followed by the normalized probability density value.</li> <li><em><strong>prob_density_atoms_xyz</strong></em> contains files <em>monte_carlo_av_<time>.h5</em> with state-averaged rotational probability density distributions of all atoms in the indole molecule in terms of their Cartesian coordinates, for different times <time>, ranging from the beginning of the alignment pulse at <span class="math-tex">\(t=0\)</span> up to <span class="math-tex">\(t=1500\)</span> ps with a time step of 1 ps.<br> Structure of <em>monte_carlo_av_<time>.h5</em> HDF5 files:<br> Key Description<br> ----- ----------------<br> 'C10' - Cartesian coordinates of carbon atom no. 10<br> 'C11' - Cartesian coordinates of carbon atom no. 11<br> 'C12' - ...<br> 'C14' - ...<br> 'C3' - ...<br> 'C6' - ...<br> 'C7' - ...<br> 'C9' - ...<br> 'N4' - ...<br> 'H1-C3' - Cartesian coordinates of a vector pointing from carbon atom no. 3 to hydrogen atom no. 1<br> 'H13-C11' - ...<br> 'H15-C12' - ...<br> 'H16-C14' - ...<br> 'H2-N4' - ...<br> 'H5-C7' - ...<br> 'H8-C9' - ...<br> 'ref_vectors' - reference molecular-frame Cartesian coordinates of all atoms<br> 'x' - coordinates of the x-axis of Principal Axes of Inertia Frame<br> 'y' - coordinates of the y-axis of Principal Axes of Inertia Frame<br> 'z' - coordinates of the z-axis of Principal Axes of Inertia Frame<br> 'pol_x' - coordinates of the x-axis of Principal Axes of Polarizability Frame<br> 'pol_y' - coordinates of the y-axis of Principal Axes of Polarizability Frame<br> 'pol_z' - coordinates of the z-axis of Principal Axes of Polarizability Frame</li> <li><em><strong>indole_deflected_states.txt</strong></em> ASCII file contains initial populations of rotational states of indole in the deflected beam.<br> The following data is arranged in columns: <em>m, J</em>, <em>id</em>, <em>energy</em>, <em>normalized population</em>. The <em>J</em> and <em>m</em> are rotational quantum numbers of the total angular momentum and its <em>Z</em>-projection, the <em>id</em> number refers to the state's index in file <em>indole_energies_j0_j20.txt</em> listing rotational states of indole.</li> <li><em><strong>indole_data.py</strong></em> Python module provides basic functions to extract information from HDF5 data files <em>monte_carlo_av_<time>.h5</em>. It can also be used to compute alignment and orientation.</li> <li><em><strong>example_cos.py</strong></em> and <em><strong>example_dens.py</strong></em> Python scripts that demonstrate how to use <em>indole_data.py</em> module for computing and plotting alignment traces and a 2D projection of the probability density distribution, respectively.</li> <li><em><strong>monte_carlo.py</strong></em> Python script that was used to compute through Monte-Carlo sampling probability density distributions for Cartesian positions of atoms in indole (<em>monte_carlo_av_<time>.h5</em> files) using probability density distribution functions in Euler angles (outputs of Richmol program <em>rotdens_av_<time>.gz</em>).</li> </ul> <p><strong>The <em>analysis_scripts.zip</em> contains the following files and folders:</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong><em>H_Plus</em></strong> folder contains codes relevant for the analysis of H<sup>+</sup> ion data. <ul> <li><strong><em>analyse_full_alignment_scans.m</em></strong>: subtracts background and combines delay scan data sets together, takes account of errors.</li> <li><em><strong>calculate_resamped_df.m</strong></em>: called by <em>analyse_full_alignment_scans.m</em> to calculate the frequency sampling.</li> <li><em><strong>unique_mean.m</strong></em>: called by <em>analyse_full_alignment_scans.m</em> when combining data sets. Combines non-unique data points into a single data point.</li> </ul> </li> <li><em><strong>C_Plus2</strong></em> folder contains codes for the analysis of C<sup>2+</sup> ion data. The file descriptions are identical to those in the <em>H_Plus</em> directory.</li> <li><em><strong>intensity/calculate_intensity.m</strong></em>: calculates peak intensity of the laser pulse from measured parameters as well as statistical error.</li> <li><em><strong>intensity/compare_exp_sim.m</strong></em>: fits experimental and theoretical tomography and delay-dependent 2D projection values.</li> <li><em><strong>intensity/nir2hdf5_kHz.py</strong></em>: converts raw data files (from <em>rawdata_part.z*</em> archive<em>)</em> into hdf5 files.</li> </ul>
Trajectory with Overlapping Projections x-ray Computed Tomography (TOP-CT) dataset of 23 mandarins moving over a circular trajectory
<p><strong>Summary</strong></p><p>This dataset is a collection of X-ray projection images of 23 mandarins moving over a circular trajectory in such a way that the projections of multiple adjacent mandarins overlap. The dataset was acquired to test out Trajectory with Overlapping Projections x-ray Computed Tomography (TOP-CT), about which a paper is published in IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging [Schut 2022].</p><p> </p><p><strong>Description</strong></p><p><i>Sample information</i></p><p>The samples are 23 mandarins. The first 10 are of the Nadorcott cultivar, and the remaining 13 are of the Clemenrubi cultivar. The diameter of the mandarins ranges between 50 and 58 mm. Per sample metadata can be found in the mandarin_metadata.csv file.</p><p><i>Scanner information</i></p><p>The dataset is acquired in the FleX-ray Laboratory, developed by TESCAN-XRE, located at CWI in Amsterdam. The CT scanner consists consists of a cone-beam microfocus polychromatic X-ray point source, and a 1944x1536 pixel, 14-bit, flat detector panel (Dexela1512NDT). Full details can be found in [Coban 2020].</p><p><i>Scanning geometry</i></p><p>The mandarins were moved according to a custom scanning protocol, with the intention to simulate a conveyor belt setup. A wooden disk was attached on top of the rotation stage and six evenly spaced object positions were marked on the disk at a fixed distance from the center of rotation. Pieces of cardboard tube were used as sample holders to make sure the mandarins wouldn't roll as the disk would rotate and to raise them from the disk without attenuating too much of the X-ray signal. The rotation stage was positioned in such a way that over a full rotation of the disk, each mandarin would be completely in view of the detector for more than 180 degrees of the rotation, while there would also be a position at which it would be completely out of view. An image illustrating the exact dimensions is included in mandarin_carousel_dimensions.png.</p><p>The scan was performed in phases. Every phase 400 projection images were acquired, while rotating the disk for 60 degrees. This would rotate one of the positions out of view of the scanning setup. Before the first 6 phases a mandarin was added on the position that was out of view of the setup. For the phases after that the position that would be out of view would contain a mandarin that had rotated the full circle so that mandarin was replaced with a new mandarin. At the last 6 phases there would be no new mandarins left to add so the mandarin that was out of view of the setup would only be removed. The projection images acquired from each phase were concatenated resulting in a dataset of 11200 projections. At most 5 mandarins were in view at a given time.</p><p>Note: Due to a small oversight while scanning, the 19th mandarin is not included on projections 9200-9205. This area can be masked out during reconstruction.</p><p><i>Scanning settings</i></p><p>A peak voltage of 90kV was used, the target power was set to 49.5W and the spectrum was pre-filtered using 0.1mm of copper. An exposure time of 200 ms was used for each projection. A start-stop acquisition scheme was used to minimize vibrations and to make adding and removing mandarins easier: After each projection image was acquired, the stage was rotated to a new position and the scanner was paused for 200 ms before acquiring the next projection image. Darkfield and flatfield images were acquired before and after all the mandarins were scanned using the average over 200 images. 2x2 pixel hardware binning was used and all images were cropped to a 500 pixel high region around the center, resulting in 11200 projection images of 956x500 pixels (11.1GB uncompressed). All images are stored in .tif format.</p><p><i>Reconstructing volumes</i></p><p>The repository <a href="https://github.com/D1rk123/top-ct_experiments">https://github.com/D1rk123/top-ct_experiments</a> contains code for TOP-CT simulations and reconstructions. The script mandarin_carousel_experiment.py was specifically written to reconstruct volumes for each separate mandarin from this dataset.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Research group</strong><br>These datasets are produced by the Computational Imaging group at Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CI-CWI) in Amsterdam, The Netherlands: <a href="https://www.cwi.nl/research/groups/computational-imaging">https://www.cwi.nl/research/groups/computational-imaging</a></p><p><strong>Contact details</strong><br>dirk [dot] schut [at] cwi [dot] nl</p><p><strong>Acknowledgments</strong><br>This work was funded by the Dutch Research Council (NWO) through the UTOPIA project (ENWSS.2018.003). The authors also acknowledge TESCAN-XRE NV for their collaboration and support of the FleX-ray laboratory.</p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>[Schut 2022] D. E. Schut, K. J. Batenburg, R. van Liere, and T. van Leeuwen, "TOP-CT: Trajectory with Overlapping Projections X-ray Computed Tomography", 2022, IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging<br>[Coban 2020] S. B. Coban, F. Lucka, W. J. Palenstijn, D. Van Loo, and K. J. Batenburg, "Explorative imaging and its implementation at the FleX-ray Laboratory," J. Imaging, vol. 6, no. 18, 2020, doi: 10.3390/jimaging6040018.</p><p>If you use (parts of) this data in a publication, please consider citing the first article.</p>
DeepLabCut network trained to track mouse body parts during open field locomotion (top-down view)
<p>DeepLabCut (https://github.com/DeepLabCut/) (Mathis et al., 2018; Nath et al., 2019) was used for tracking body parts of mice in an open field arena or in the rotarod. DeepLabCut 2.1.8.2 (local version on Windows with CPU, using the GUI) and 2.1.10.2 (google colab to train the network) were used using default parameters and the pretrained resnet50 network with imgaug augmentation. Frames were extracted with the k-means method and outlier frames with the jump method. <em>Open field: </em>20 images from 19 videos (10 or 30 fps) were extracted for a total of 380 labeled pictures. 8 body parts (snout, both ears, body center, both side laterals, tail base and tail end) and the 4 corners of the field arena were manually labeled and linked to each other using skeletons. A neural network was trained using these images for 170K iterations. 20 outlier frames were extracted from each video and relabeled. An additional 20 images from 19 videos with different recording conditions were labeled. The network was then refined for 210K iterations (from scratch), yielding a train error of 3.33 pixels and a test error of 8.83 pixels (with a likelihood p-cutoff of 0.6). This process was repeated a second time (using an additional 20 images from 15 new videos) to improve the pixel error; to a final 400 K iterations (train error: 2.65, test error: 3.71). 67 videos from 5 different experiments were analyzed on the final network.<em> </em></p> <p><em>Used to analyze videos for a publication (Labouesse et al., Nature Communications 2023)</em></p>
TOPS Open Science Graphics
<p>Two TOPS figures promoting open science.</p>
VGQ-CNN: Moving Beyond Fixed Cameras and Top-Grasps for Grasp Quality Prediction
<p>This dataset includes all the data and trained models to replicate our work for VGQ-CNN (accepted for IJCNN 2022). You can find the code to use this dataset on <a href="https://github.com/AuCoRoboticsMU/vgq-cnn">github</a>. To replicate the work done for VGQ-CNN, use the data in vgq-dset.zip. Trained models of VGQ-CNN, Fast-VGQ-CNN and GQ-CNN are available in VGQ-CNN_models.zip.</p> <p> </p> <p>To create your own, subsampled training and testing data, adjust our code on github to your subsampling constraints and use full_rendered_dset (created by unpacking full_rendered_dset_tensors.zip and full_rendered_dset_images.zip into the unpacked directory of full_rendered_dset_info.zip).</p>
Tranco 16-5-22 top 10K crawled with T.EX
<p>Multiple simultaneous and stateful crawls (6 x Chrome, 6 x Brave, 6 x Firefox) of the Tranco top 10K websites (as of 16th of May 2022) were performed on the 12th of August 2022 with T.EX (see: <a href="https://github.com/t-ex-tools/t.ex">https://github.com/t-ex-tools/t.ex</a>). Measurements had been carried out on 18 Amazon Web Services instances (c5.large) running Windows Server. All instances were launched in Frankfurt, Germany (eu-central-1).</p> <p>After completing the crawls, each instance's extension storage was extracted (see <a href="https://github.com/t-ex-tools/t.ex">https://github.com/t-ex-tools/t.ex</a> for help using the datasets). Note: 2 of the 6 Firefox instances crashed during the crawl. Therefore, only 4 Firefox datasets are available. Results and statistics for each crawl are included in a separate ZIP archive (Results and Statistics.zip).</p>
Text-fig. 4. Scanning electron micrographs (a, c, e–k) and X-ray microtomographic orthoslices (b, d) of capsular fruits compose of five carpels from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a–d: Taxon 4, a – fruit elliptical in shape, no. NM-F 3188, b – young fruit with reminisce of free styles at top and showing central placentation of seeds, no. NM-F 3188, c – pentacarpellate capsules in apical view, no. NM-F 3188, d – fruit with five locules, no. NM-F 3235; e, f: Taxon 6, e – elongated fruit in lateral view, the persistent perianth at the base of the fruit (arrowhead), no. NM-F 3194, f – fruit in apical view, no. NM-F 3194; g, h: Taxon 5, g – elongated fruit in lateral view, no. NM-F 3193, h – fruit showing remains of a persistent calyx in the basal part (arrowhead), no. NM-F 3193; i–k: Taxon 7, i – pentacarpellate capsules of broadly elliptical shape, no. NM-F 4091, j – fruit, apical view, no. NM-F 4091, k – fruit with five seeds (arrowheads) ellipsoidal or triangular in outline and with a thick seed coat, no. NM-F 4091. in Plant Mesofossils From The Late Cretaceous Klikov Formation, The Czech Republic
Text-fig. 4. Scanning electron micrographs (a, c, e–k) and X-ray microtomographic orthoslices (b, d) of capsular fruits compose of five carpels from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a–d: Taxon 4, a – fruit elliptical in shape, no. NM-F 3188, b – young fruit with reminisce of free styles at top and showing central placentation of seeds, no. NM-F 3188, c – pentacarpellate capsules in apical view, no. NM-F 3188, d – fruit with five locules, no. NM-F 3235; e, f: Taxon 6, e – elongated fruit in lateral view, the persistent perianth at the base of the fruit (arrowhead), no. NM-F 3194, f – fruit in apical view, no. NM-F 3194; g, h: Taxon 5, g – elongated fruit in lateral view, no. NM-F 3193, h – fruit showing remains of a persistent calyx in the basal part (arrowhead), no. NM-F 3193; i–k: Taxon 7, i – pentacarpellate capsules of broadly elliptical shape, no. NM-F 4091, j – fruit, apical view, no. NM-F 4091, k – fruit with five seeds (arrowheads) ellipsoidal or triangular in outline and with a thick seed coat, no. NM-F 4091.
Text-fig. 1. Extant Sciadopitys verticillata pollen. a–c: LM images (scale bars 10 µm), a – polar view, b – equatorial view, c – equatorial view with well visible thinning of proximal leptoma; d–e: SEM overview images (scale bar 10 µm), d – distal polar view, e – oblique equatorial view; f – equatorial view with leptoma at top; g–i: SEM detailed images (scale bars 2 µm), g – detail of verrucate, echinate, perforate sexine of distal pol, h – wall break displaying thin nexine and verrucate, echinate sexine, i – ripped open leptoma displaying transition from verrucate sculpturing to nearly psilate state. in The Occurrence Of Pollen Of Sciadopityaceae Luerss. Through Time
Text-fig. 1. Extant Sciadopitys verticillata pollen. a–c: LM images (scale bars 10 µm), a – polar view, b – equatorial view, c – equatorial view with well visible thinning of proximal leptoma; d–e: SEM overview images (scale bar 10 µm), d – distal polar view, e – oblique equatorial view; f – equatorial view with leptoma at top; g–i: SEM detailed images (scale bars 2 µm), g – detail of verrucate, echinate, perforate sexine of distal pol, h – wall break displaying thin nexine and verrucate, echinate sexine, i – ripped open leptoma displaying transition from verrucate sculpturing to nearly psilate state.
Text-fig. 1. a: Po Plain and foothills of the Northern Apennine in Northern Italy (inset) with the location of Oriolo (black star) and other Early and Middle Pleistocene plant localities, Enza and Stirone. Red lines indicate the frontal thrust arcs (modified from Martinetto et al. 2015). b: The "La Salita" section, Oriolo and chronology of the two "Sabbie gialle" cycles based on large mammals and palaeomagnetic correlation (modified from Toniato et al. 2017; IMMS 2020* [Italian Mediterranean Marine Stages] updated from Cohen and Gibbars 2020; GTS 2021* [Global Time Scale] updated from Head et al. 2021). c: Quarry "La Salita", Oriolo, in 1987. Main unconformities (U) separating the two "Sabbie gialle" cycles and terrestrial deposits on top are shown. Leaf symbols indicate the positions of some of the layers rich in fossil leaves (photo by G. B. Vai, modified). d: Surroundings of Faenza with the location of Oriolo and adjacent coeval sites yielding plant macrofossils. in The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome
Text-fig. 1. a: Po Plain and foothills of the Northern Apennine in Northern Italy (inset) with the location of Oriolo (black star) and other Early and Middle Pleistocene plant localities, Enza and Stirone. Red lines indicate the frontal thrust arcs (modified from Martinetto et al. 2015). b: The "La Salita" section, Oriolo and chronology of the two "Sabbie gialle" cycles based on large mammals and palaeomagnetic correlation (modified from Toniato et al. 2017; IMMS 2020* [Italian Mediterranean Marine Stages] updated from Cohen and Gibbars 2020; GTS 2021* [Global Time Scale] updated from Head et al. 2021). c: Quarry "La Salita", Oriolo, in 1987. Main unconformities (U) separating the two "Sabbie gialle" cycles and terrestrial deposits on top are shown. Leaf symbols indicate the positions of some of the layers rich in fossil leaves (photo by G. B. Vai, modified). d: Surroundings of Faenza with the location of Oriolo and adjacent coeval sites yielding plant macrofossils.
Text-fig. 5. Plant fragments from Govone with evidence of preserved cuticle. a: Decussate pair of leaves of "Thuja" saviana (C.T.GAUDIN) C.T.GAUDIN with a window (arrow) opened in the brownish cuticle, showing the yellowish mesophyll cells and some possible resin canals (dark), MGPT-PU141094. b: Angiosperm leaf fragment (from sample MGPT-PU141017) under the stereomicroscope, showing the blackish compressed mesophyll on the right and patches of cleaned, yellowish cuticle at the top (arrow). Scale bar 1 mm. in Remains Of A Subtropical Humid Forest In A Messinian Evaporitebearing Succession At Govone, Northwestern Italy - Preliminary Results
Text-fig. 5. Plant fragments from Govone with evidence of preserved cuticle. a: Decussate pair of leaves of "Thuja" saviana (C.T.GAUDIN) C.T.GAUDIN with a window (arrow) opened in the brownish cuticle, showing the yellowish mesophyll cells and some possible resin canals (dark), MGPT-PU141094. b: Angiosperm leaf fragment (from sample MGPT-PU141017) under the stereomicroscope, showing the blackish compressed mesophyll on the right and patches of cleaned, yellowish cuticle at the top (arrow). Scale bar 1 mm.
Text-fig. 4. Laminated silts with almost complete leaves at the top of bed GLA20: Dicotylophyllum sp. 3 (left: MGPTPU141032) and Laurophyllum sp. 2 (right: MGPT-PU141082). Scale bar 10 mm. in Remains Of A Subtropical Humid Forest In A Messinian Evaporitebearing Succession At Govone, Northwestern Italy - Preliminary Results
Text-fig. 4. Laminated silts with almost complete leaves at the top of bed GLA20: Dicotylophyllum sp. 3 (left: MGPTPU141032) and Laurophyllum sp. 2 (right: MGPT-PU141082). Scale bar 10 mm.
Text-fig. 2. Salicaceae (a–g), Cannabaceae (h–n), cf. Betulaceae (o–r). a–g: Saxifragispermum, USNM PAL 772341. Scale bar = 5 mm except as indicated. a–b: Lateral, c: apical, and d: basal views of fruit, reflected light, palladium coated; apex at top of (a, b). e: Equatorial transverse section reflected light; arrows indicate presumed seeds, scale bar = 2 mm. f: Detail of locule contents extracted from (e), transmitted light, scale bar = 200 Μm. g: Interwoven trichomes or fibers from locule, transmitted light, scale bar = 5 Μm. h–j: Celtis. h, i: USNM PAL 772342, reflected light, palladium coated, scale bar = 5 mm. h: Lateral view parallel with plane of dehiscence. i: Lateral view perpendicular to plane of dehiscence. j: DMNH EPI.47809, Celtis in lateral view; showing reticulate sculpture and the vertically-oriented, plane of dehiscence (arrow), scale bar = 5 mm. k–m: Aphananthe. USNM PAL 772344, reflected light, palladium coated, scale bar = 5 mm. k: Apical view, note triangular cross section and apical plug (arrow). l: Lateral view, apex up. m: Lateral view at 90° to (l). n: Detail of cellular pattern at surface of endocarp, scale bar = 0.5 mm. o–r: in The Early Middle Eocene Wagon Bed Carpoflora Of Central Wyoming, U.S.A.
Text-fig. 2. Salicaceae (a–g), Cannabaceae (h–n), cf. Betulaceae (o–r). a–g: Saxifragispermum, USNM PAL 772341. Scale bar = 5 mm except as indicated. a–b: Lateral, c: apical, and d: basal views of fruit, reflected light, palladium coated; apex at top of (a, b). e: Equatorial transverse section reflected light; arrows indicate presumed seeds, scale bar = 2 mm. f: Detail of locule contents extracted from (e), transmitted light, scale bar = 200 Μm. g: Interwoven trichomes or fibers from locule, transmitted light, scale bar = 5 Μm. h–j: Celtis. h, i: USNM PAL 772342, reflected light, palladium coated, scale bar = 5 mm. h: Lateral view parallel with plane of dehiscence. i: Lateral view perpendicular to plane of dehiscence. j: DMNH EPI.47809, Celtis in lateral view; showing reticulate sculpture and the vertically-oriented, plane of dehiscence (arrow), scale bar = 5 mm. k–m: Aphananthe. USNM PAL 772344, reflected light, palladium coated, scale bar = 5 mm. k: Apical view, note triangular cross section and apical plug (arrow). l: Lateral view, apex up. m: Lateral view at 90° to (l). n: Detail of cellular pattern at surface of endocarp, scale bar = 0.5 mm. o–r:
Text-fig. 8. Carpolithes (a–t). a–e: Carpolithes sp. 1. USNM PAL 772366. Scale bar = 1 cm. a: Lateral view of endocarp, note two longitudinal ridges. b: Lateral view of endocarp rotated 90° from (a), note single lateral ridge in center, a, b reflected light, palladium coated. c: Lateral view, Micro-CT scan surface rendering. d: View of rounded end of the endocarp, reflected light, palladium coated. e: View of the opposite (pointed) end of the endocarp, note split; reflected light, palladium coated. f–j: Carpolithes sp. 2. USNM PAL 772367. Scale bar = 5 mm. f: Lateral view, base down; note raphe-like structure (arrow), reflected light, palladium coated. g: Lateral view, the raphe-like structure extending vertically from the base. h: Lateral view, rotated 90° from (g). i: Lateral view, the opposite face to that in (h). j: Basal view, raphe-like structure running from the center to the right of the image. g–j: CT scan surface renderings. k–o: Carpolithes sp. 3 USNM PAL 772368. Scale bar = 5 mm. k: Ventral view of the specimen, note flared apical extension, reflected light, uncoated. l: Dorsal view illustrating the flared apical extension, rotated 180o from (k). m: Lateral view rotated 90° from that in (l). n: Apical view, the apical extension with central pore (arrow) and a clear lineation running down the side to the top of the image. o: Basal view. l–o: Micro-CT scan surface renderings. p–t: Carpolithes sp. 4. USNM PAL 772369. Scale bar = 3 mm. p: Basal view illustrating the concentric rings of radiating possible cells surrounding a central depression. q: Lateral view, base down, note possible cellular pattern. r: Lateral view, rotated 180° from (q), base down; p–r: reflected light, palladium coated. s, t: Basal and lateral views, micro-CT scan surface renderings. in The Early Middle Eocene Wagon Bed Carpoflora Of Central Wyoming, U.S.A.
Text-fig. 8. Carpolithes (a–t). a–e: Carpolithes sp. 1. USNM PAL 772366. Scale bar = 1 cm. a: Lateral view of endocarp, note two longitudinal ridges. b: Lateral view of endocarp rotated 90° from (a), note single lateral ridge in center, a, b reflected light, palladium coated. c: Lateral view, Micro-CT scan surface rendering. d: View of rounded end of the endocarp, reflected light, palladium coated. e: View of the opposite (pointed) end of the endocarp, note split; reflected light, palladium coated. f–j: Carpolithes sp. 2. USNM PAL 772367. Scale bar = 5 mm. f: Lateral view, base down; note raphe-like structure (arrow), reflected light, palladium coated. g: Lateral view, the raphe-like structure extending vertically from the base. h: Lateral view, rotated 90° from (g). i: Lateral view, the opposite face to that in (h). j: Basal view, raphe-like structure running from the center to the right of the image. g–j: CT scan surface renderings. k–o: Carpolithes sp. 3 USNM PAL 772368. Scale bar = 5 mm. k: Ventral view of the specimen, note flared apical extension, reflected light, uncoated. l: Dorsal view illustrating the flared apical extension, rotated 180o from (k). m: Lateral view rotated 90° from that in (l). n: Apical view, the apical extension with central pore (arrow) and a clear lineation running down the side to the top of the image. o: Basal view. l–o: Micro-CT scan surface renderings. p–t: Carpolithes sp. 4. USNM PAL 772369. Scale bar = 3 mm. p: Basal view illustrating the concentric rings of radiating possible cells surrounding a central depression. q: Lateral view, base down, note possible cellular pattern. r: Lateral view, rotated 180° from (q), base down; p–r: reflected light, palladium coated. s, t: Basal and lateral views, micro-CT scan surface renderings.
Text-fig. 9. Carpolithes (a–r). a–d: Carpolithes sp. 5. USNM PAL 772370. Scale bar = 5 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. a: Lateral view of seed, apex up, possible raphe descending from apex toward viewer. b: Lateral view of seed, apex up, possible raphe on right. c: Lateral view, opposite side, apex up, possible raphe on left. d: Apical view, note central pit with raphe descending towards bottom margin. e–h: Carpolithes sp. 6. USNM PAL 772371. Scale bar = 5 mm. e: Basal view illustrating depression and keel in plane of bisymmetry, reflected light, palladium coated. f–h: Micro-CT scan surface rendering. f: Lateral view showing relatively smooth rounded surface. g: Specimen rotated 180° from (f), surface partially eroded. h: Longitudinal view, showing median keel. i–m: Carpolithes sp. 7 USNM PAL 772372. Scale bar = 5 mm. i: View of intact face of globose fruit, possible apical constriction at top. j: Lateral view, intact surface to right, possible apical constriction at top, both micro-CT scan surface renderings. k: Apical view. l: Face view illustrating the mineral filling and the fine, radiating structure of the fruit wall on the left and right margins, both reflected light, palladium coated. m: Closeup of the cellular layer on the left of (l), micro-CT scan surface rendering. n–p: Carpolithes sp. 8. USNM PAL 772373. Scale bar = 3 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. n: Lateral view of pyrene-like structure, one ridge running vertically in the center of view, the other two forming the left and right margins. o: Lateral view of pyrene-like structure, ridge in (n) on the left. p: End-on view illustrating one convex, one concave, and one relatively flat to very slightly concave face. q, r: Carpolithes sp. 9 USNM PAL 772374. Scale bar = 5 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. q: Exterior of the smooth broken half-sphere. r: Interior of the broken half-sphere. in The Early Middle Eocene Wagon Bed Carpoflora Of Central Wyoming, U.S.A.
Text-fig. 9. Carpolithes (a–r). a–d: Carpolithes sp. 5. USNM PAL 772370. Scale bar = 5 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. a: Lateral view of seed, apex up, possible raphe descending from apex toward viewer. b: Lateral view of seed, apex up, possible raphe on right. c: Lateral view, opposite side, apex up, possible raphe on left. d: Apical view, note central pit with raphe descending towards bottom margin. e–h: Carpolithes sp. 6. USNM PAL 772371. Scale bar = 5 mm. e: Basal view illustrating depression and keel in plane of bisymmetry, reflected light, palladium coated. f–h: Micro-CT scan surface rendering. f: Lateral view showing relatively smooth rounded surface. g: Specimen rotated 180° from (f), surface partially eroded. h: Longitudinal view, showing median keel. i–m: Carpolithes sp. 7 USNM PAL 772372. Scale bar = 5 mm. i: View of intact face of globose fruit, possible apical constriction at top. j: Lateral view, intact surface to right, possible apical constriction at top, both micro-CT scan surface renderings. k: Apical view. l: Face view illustrating the mineral filling and the fine, radiating structure of the fruit wall on the left and right margins, both reflected light, palladium coated. m: Closeup of the cellular layer on the left of (l), micro-CT scan surface rendering. n–p: Carpolithes sp. 8. USNM PAL 772373. Scale bar = 3 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. n: Lateral view of pyrene-like structure, one ridge running vertically in the center of view, the other two forming the left and right margins. o: Lateral view of pyrene-like structure, ridge in (n) on the left. p: End-on view illustrating one convex, one concave, and one relatively flat to very slightly concave face. q, r: Carpolithes sp. 9 USNM PAL 772374. Scale bar = 5 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. q: Exterior of the smooth broken half-sphere. r: Interior of the broken half-sphere.
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.