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118 results for “combustible”
CSD200907: A Study to Assess Elements of Abuse Liability for a Heated Tobacco Product With Four Non-Combusted Cigarette Variants
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05114863. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Molecular distributions of diacids, oxoacids and -dicarbonyls in summer- and winter-time fine aerosols from Tianjin, North China: Emissions from combustion sources and aqueous phase secondary formation
<p>To understand the characteristics and sources of organic aerosols (OA) in North China, we studied diacids, oxoacids and <em>α</em>-dicarbonyls in summer- and winter-time fine aerosols (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) collected from Tianjin. Oxalic (C<sub>2</sub>) acid was found to be the most abundant diacid species, followed by succinic (C<sub>4</sub>), malonic (C<sub>3</sub>) and sebacic (C<sub>8</sub>) acids, respectively. Glyoxylic (wC<sub>2</sub>) was the most abundant oxoacids followed by pyruvic acid. Concentrations of total diacids, oxoacids and <em>α</em>-dicarbonyls in winter were 2~3 times higher than those in summer, but their mass fractions in PM<sub>2.5</sub> were exactly the opposite. On average, total diacids carbon accounted for 2.9% in total carbon and 3.3% in organic carbon (OC) in summer and 1.8% and 2.0%, respectively, in winter. Their contributions to water-soluble OC (WSOC) was almost the same in both seasons (5.5% and 5.3%, respectively). Molecular distributions, mass ratios of selected diacid (C<sub>3</sub>, C<sub>4</sub>, M, F C<sub>6</sub>, Ph and C<sub>9</sub>) species and the linear relations among the selected species (including åC<sub>2</sub>-C<sub>4</sub> and åC<sub>8</sub>-C<sub>12</sub>) and with inorganic markers (K<sup>+</sup> and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>) implied that the diacids and related compounds are mainly originated from coal combustion and biomass burning emissions and produced in the atmosphere by both <em>in-situ</em> photochemical reactions at local scale and aging during long-range transport in both summer and winter. This study revealed that diacids and related compounds and WSOC are increased with increasing SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> and they are produced in aqueous phase, implying the need of reduction in oxidants (NO<em><sub>x</sub></em> and SO<sub>2</sub>) emissions to control the water-soluble OA loading over North China.</p>
Effect of B-site co-substitution on the structure and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline neodymium orthoferrite synthesized by auto-combustion
<p><span>Samples of cobalt-doped neodymium orthoferrite compounds, NdCo<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>1-x</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) were synthesized via glycine auto-combustion between 250 – 300 °C and calcined at 500 °C for two hours. X-ray diffraction showed that all compounds had an orthorhombic perovskite structure with space group Pbnm. Increasing cobalt doping gradually reduced the lattice parameters and contracted the unit cell volume. Both X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy showed that the particles were spherical and in the nano-sized range (19 – 52 nm) with pores between grains. Vibrating sample magnetometry at room temperature indicated that NdFeO<sub>3</sub> has high coercive field (1950 Oe) and cobalt substitution for iron led to a decrease in the coercive field, saturation and remanent magnetization which was as a result of decreased magnetic moments in the crystal and reduced canting of the FeO<sub>6</sub> octahedra. The increase in magnetization and coercive fields with increase Co was connected to the microstructure (bond lengths and angles, defects, pores, grain boundaries) and crystallite size. The compounds NdCo<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>1-x</sub>O<sub>3</sub> show antiferromagnetism with weak ferromagnetism due to uncompensated noncollinear moments. These compounds could serve as prototypes for tuning the properties of magnetic materials (ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic) with potential applications in data storage, logic gates, switches and sensors. </span></p>
Data from: An experimental study on coflow diffusion combustion in a pellet-packed bed with different bed lengths
In experimental investigations on axial symmetry, over-ventilated CH4/air diffusion combustion in a packed bed is executed to study the height, shape, and stability of the flame. The combustor is a quartz tube packed with alumina pellets in which a cylindrical fuel stream is surrounded by a coflow air nozzle. The results show that the bed length and pellet diameter have a significant influence on the flame properties. In general, the flame above the pellet surface has axial symmetry, and its shape and color are similar to those of a conventional diffusion flame when the bed length is smaller. The color of the flame front varies with the bed length. The changed color indicates an increased flame-front temperature and that the combustion regime above the bed surface may change from non-premixed combustion to partially premixed combustion or even premixed combustion due to the mix and dispersion effect in the packed bed. In addition, multiple flame behaviors, such as an inclined flame front, isolated reaction zone, and oscillatory motion followed by a pulsating sound with a few Hz in a packed bed, are observed experimentally. The possible reasons for these phenomena are discussed.
Data from: Numerical and experimental study of pyrophoric activated metal Mg surface combustion characteristics
The combustion of multi-hole pyrophoric activated metal belongs to solid combustion and the combustion mechanism is quite complex, which is a difficult problem to be solved. Once the pyrophoric activated metal contacting with oxygen, the oxygen diffuses to the interior of the activated metal within plenty of holes and reacts with it, which enlarges the contact area with oxygen. Consequently, the whole combustion is serious and the temperature rises rapidly. To study the combustion mechanism of chaff, surface heat balance equation is established in this work by taking Mg as the activated metal. To solve this equation, the chaff adiabatic wall temperature distribution is computed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in the presence of high speed airflow. Then, chaff surface temperature distribution is obtained by solving the heat balance equations. Finally, numerical and experimental results via infrared (IR) thermal imager are compared to demonstrate the effectiveness of the established equation.
Evaluating the Impact of Synthetic Cooling Agents in Combustible Cigarettes on Smoking Perceptions and Use
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06230159. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
The Role of Nicotine Dose and Route of Delivery in Affecting Adoption of E-cigarettes and Reducing Exposure to Toxic Combustion Products
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03492463. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Assisting Smokers to Switch to a JUUL E-Cigarette by Devaluing Combustible Cigarettes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04188197. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Dual Use of ENDS and Combustible Cigarettes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05280535. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
A Randomised, Cross-Over, Nicotine Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study of Heated Tobacco Products Compared to Combustible Cigarettes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05459857. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Numerical and experimental study of pyrophoric activated metal Mg surface combustion characteristics
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Data from: An experimental study on coflow diffusion combustion in a pellet-packed bed with different bed lengths
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Data from: Experimental and numerical studies on combustion characteristics of N2-diluted CH4 and O2 diffusion combustion in a packed bed
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Effect of B-site co-substitution on the structure and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline neodymium orthoferrite synthesized by auto-combustion
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ABoVE: Burned Area, Depth, and Combustion for Alaska and Canada, 2001-2019
This dataset provides annual gridded estimates of fire locations and associated burn fraction per pixel for Alaska and Canada at approximately 500 m spatial resolution for the period 2001-2019. Gridded predictions of carbon combustion and burn depth for the same period within the ABoVE extended domain using the burn area maps and field data are also available. Fire locations and date of burn (DOB) were detected by MODIS-derived active fire products. Burned area was primarily estimated from finer-scale Landsat imagery using a differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) algorithm and upscaled to an approximate 500 m MODIS resolution. Aboveground combustion, belowground combustion, and burn depth were statistically modeled at the pixel level for every mapped burned pixel in the ABoVE extended domain based on field observations across Alaska and western Canada. Predictor variables included remotely sensed indicators of fire severity, topography, soils, climate, and fire weather. Quality flags for burned area and combustion are available. Fire is the dominant disturbance agent in Alaskan and Canadian boreal ecosystems and releases large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. These data are useful for studies of disturbance, fire ecology, and carbon cycling in boreal ecosystems.
VIIRS/JPSS1 FILDA-2 Fire Modified Combustion Efficiency Product 6-min L2 Swath 750m V002
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) FIre Light Detection Algorithm-2 (FILDA-2) Modified Combustion Efficiency (MCE) Version 2 swath product (VJ147MOD) is produced in 6-minute orbit segments 750 meter (m) resolution from the VIIRS sensor aboard the NOAA-20 satellite. The VJ147MOD product takes advantage of the rich information that visible band observation conveys at night to assess fire combustion efficiency and enhance fire detection. It also utilizes improvements made in fire detection algorithms to detect smaller and cooler fires. The VJ147MOD product includes 85 layers containing fire detection and retrievals of Radiative Power (FRP), fire Visible Energy Fraction (VEF), and Modified Combustion Efficiency (MCE). Known Issues* Known issues can be found in Section 5 of the User Guide.* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=VIIRS&as=5200).
VIIRS/JPSS1 FILDA-2 Fire Modified Combustion Efficiency Product 6-min L2 Swath 375 V002
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) FIre Light Detection Algorithm-2 (FILDA-2) Modified Combustion Efficiency (MCE) Version 2 swath product (VJ147IMG) is produced in 6-minute orbit segments 375 meter (m) resolution from the VIIRS sensor aboard the NOAA-20 satellite. The VJ147IMG product takes advantage of the rich information that visible band observation conveys at night to assess fire combustion efficiency and enhance fire detection. It also utilizes improvements made in fire detection algorithms to detect smaller and cooler fires. The VJ147IMG product includes 83 layers containing fire detection and retrievals of Radiative Power (FRP), fire Visible Energy Fraction (VEF), and Modified Combustion Efficiency (MCE). Known Issues* Known issues can be found in Section 5 of the User Guide.* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=VIIRS&as=5200).
VIIRS/NPP FILDA-2 Fire Modified Combustion Efficiency Product 6-min L2 Swath 750 V002
The NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) FIre Light Detection Algorithm-2 (FILDA-2) Modified Combustion Efficiency (MCE) swath product (VNP47MOD) is produced in 6-minute orbit segments at 750 meter (m) resolution. The VNP47MOD product takes advantage of the rich information that visible band observation conveys at night to assess fire combustion efficiency and enhance fire detection. It also utilizes improvements made in fire detection algorithms to detect smaller and cooler fires. The VNP47MOD product includes 85 layers containing fire detection and retrievals of Radiative Power (FRP), fire Visible Energy Fraction (VEF), and Modified Combustion Efficiency (MCE). Known Issues* Known issues can be found in Section 5 of the User Guide.* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=VIIRS&as=5200).
VIIRS/NPP FILDA-2 Fire Modified Combustion Efficiency Product 6-min L2 Swath 375 V002
The NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) FIre Light Detection Algorithm-2 (FILDA-2) Modified Combustion Efficiency (MCE) Version 2 swath product (VNP47IMG) is produced in 6-minute orbit segments at 375 meter (m) resolution. The VNP47IMG product takes advantage of the rich information that visible band observation conveys at night to assess fire combustion efficiency and enhance fire detection. It also utilizes improvements made in fire detection algorithms to detect smaller and cooler fires. The VNP47IMG product includes 83 layers containing fire detection and retrievals of Radiative Power (FRP), fire Visible Energy Fraction (VEF), and Modified Combustion Efficiency (MCE). Known Issues* Known issues can be found in Section 5 of the User Guide.* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=VIIRS&as=5200).
ABoVE: Spatial Estimates of Carbon Combustion from Wildfires across SK, Canada, 2015
This dataset provides spatial estimates of carbon combustion from all 2015 wildfire burned areas across Saskatchewan, Canada, on a 30-m grid. Carbon combustion (kg C/m2) was derived from post-fire field measurements of carbon stocks completed in 2016 at 47 stands that burned during three 2015 Saskatchewan wildfires (Egg, Philion, and Brady) and at 32 unburned stands in adjacent areas. The study areas covered two ecozones (Boreal Plains and Boreal Shield), two stand-replacing history types (fire and timber harvest), three soil moisture classes (xeric, mesic, and subhygric), and three stand dominance classifications (coniferous, deciduous, and mixed). To spatially extrapolate estimates of combustion to all 2015 fires in Saskatchewan, a predictive radial support vector machine model was trained on the 47 burned stands with associated environmental variables and geospatial predictors and applied to historical fire areas. The dataset also includes uncertainty estimates represented as per pixel standard deviations of model estimates derived using a Monte Carlo analysis.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.