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655 results for “constrain”
Geology constrains biomineralization expression and functional trait distribution in the Mountainsnails (Oreohelix)
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: Geographic variation in metabolic resources necessary for functional trait expression can set limits on species distributions. For species that need to produce and maintain biomineralized traits for survival, spatial variation in mineral macronutrients may constrain species' distributions by limiting the expression of biomineralized traits. Here, we examine whether threatened, heavily biomineralized <em>Oreohelix</em> land snails are restricted to CaCO<sub>3</sub> rock regions, if they incorporate greater amounts of CaCO<sub>3</sub> rock carbon in their shell than less biomineralized smooth forms, and if ornamentation increases shell strength.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: Western United States</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We used random forest (RF) classification models at multiple spatial resolutions to evaluate the contribution of topographic, vegetation, climate, and geologic variables in predicting the presence of heavily biomineralized shell ornaments. We then measured and compared shell biometric variables, <sup>14</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C ratios, and peak force for fracture for ornamented and smooth forms from calcareous and non-calcareous substrates.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Distance to CaCO<sub>3</sub> rock was the most important variable in all trait distribution models and was highly associated with local ornamentation classification and forecasted distribution. Pairwise comparisons of <sup>14</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C ratios in closely occurring ornamented vs. smooth population pairs revealed ornamented forms incorporate greater CaCO<sub>3</sub> rock carbon than smooth forms. Ornamented types measured in this study were generally heavier and required greater peak force for fracture than smooth snails, except when compared to smooth forms sampled from CaCO<sub>3</sub> rock.</p> <p><strong>Main</strong> <strong>conclusions</strong>: Biomineralization expression, species distribution, and trait function appear to be constrained by mineral supply in a highly diverse group of land snails. This trait-environment relationship suggests similar CaCO<sub>3</sub> macronutrient constraints may modulate biomineralization expression and restrict species distribution in other terrestrial molluscs and has a direct impact on the management of <em>Oreohelix</em> species.</p>
Constraining an eddy energy dissipation rate due to relative wind stress for use in energy budget-based eddy parameterisations
<p>Code and data to reproduce results in the EGU Ocean Science journal paper, entitled 'Constraining an eddy energy dissipation rate due to relative wind stress for use in energy budget-based eddy parameterisations'.</p> <p>The data and corresponding scripts in this repository are:</p> <ul> <li>MITgcm simulation data for an anticyclone and cyclone under absolute and relative wind stress. <ul> <li>ACE_eta_{absolute or relative}_10km_A25_v2_ext.nc</li> <li>ACE_tau_{absolute or relative}_10km_A25_v2_ext.nc</li> <li>ACE_temp_{absolute or relative}_10km_A25_v2_ext.nc</li> <li>CE_eta_{absolute or relative}_10km_A25_v2.nc</li> <li>CE_tau_{absolute or relative}_10km_A25_v2.nc</li> <li>CE_temp_{absolute or relative}_10km_A25_v2.nc</li> </ul> </li> <li>Mean energetics computed using eddy_energy_mean.m. User may need to comment out lines of code relating to wvel. This also requires geostrophic_uv.m, rho_ref.mat, and ocean_vertical_grid.nc. <ul> <li>{ACE or CE}_energy_{absolute or relative}_total_10km_A25_mean.nc</li> </ul> </li> <li>Predicted eddy energy computed using predict_*.m scripts. n.b. viscous term left in absolute scripts, though we only need the first index of total eddy energy in abs cases. The abs cases are really just making the abs.mat files, see time_series_plots.py.</li> <li>Time-series figures (3 and 5) produced using time_series_plots.py.</li> <li>Initial figures (1 and 2) produced using initial_plots.py.</li> <li>Relative vorticity in Fig. 4 computed and plotted using eddy_evolution_plot.py.</li> <li>Dissipation rates computed in calc_dissipation_rate.m. Requires dynmodes.m and GSW toolbox to run. Also needs data Chelton2011_Le.csv and Chelton2011_Rd.csv. <ul> <li>diss_rate*.nc</li> </ul> </li> <li>Dissipation rate and climatology figures (6, 7, 8, and 9) made in diss_rate_plot.py</li> </ul> <p>Information and data needed to run the MITgcm can be found <a href="https://github.com/thomaswilder/jpo_eddy-scripts">here</a>.</p>
A pathogen's spatial range is not constrained by geographical features in the flax rust pathosystem
<p>In this study, we performed several transect surveys over the course of the 2021 summer field season to assess potential ecogeographical range determinants for Lewis flax (<em>Linum</em> <em>lewisii</em>) and its pathogen, flax rust (<em>Melamspora</em> <em>lini</em>), in the area surrounding the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory in Gothic, Colorado. Additionally, we used generalized additive models to examine the effects of host population density and metapopulation structure on disease presence and prevalence.</p>
Data for: Local adaptation of seed and seedling traits along a natural aridity gradient may both predict and constrain adaptive responses to climate change
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Data from: Body shape and mode of propulsion do not constrain routine swimming in coral reef fishes
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Geology constrains biomineralization expression and functional trait distribution in the Mountainsnails (Oreohelix)
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Data and code for: Moisture and competition constrain ephemeral resource quality for burying beetle reproduction
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Site-specific structure and stability constrained substitution models improve phylogenetic inference
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Floral preferences of mountain bumble bees are constrained by functional traits but flexible through elevation and season
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Infrequent strong connections constrain connectomic predictions of neuronal function (2/3)
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A pathogen’s spatial range is not constrained by geographical features in the flax rust pathosystem
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Data from: Foraging mode constrains the evolution of cephalic horns in lizards and snakes
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Data from: hespdiv: an R package for spatially constrained, hierarchical and contiguous regionalization in palaeobiogeography
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Compositionally constrained sites drive long branch attraction
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Data from: A classic key innovation constrains oral jaw functional diversification in fishes
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Prey diversity constrains the adaptive potential of predator foraging traits
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Data from: Emergence of structure in plant-pollinator networks: Low floral resource constrains network specialisation
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Environmental effects on genetic variance are likely to constrain adaptation in novel environments
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Infrequent strong connections constrain connectomic predictions of neuronal function (3/3)
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Infrequent strong connections constrain connectomic predictions of neuronal function (1/3)
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.