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191 results for “early Oligocene”
FIGURE 1 in Revision of so-called Pomatoschistus (Gobiiformes, Teleostei) from the late Eocene and early Oligocene
FIGURE 1. Phylogeny of the Gobiiformes according to Thacker et al. (2015) and Nelson et al. (2016). 6brG = gobiiforms with six branchiostegal rays, 5brG = gobiiforms with five branchiostegal rays.
FIGURE 8 in Revision of so-called Pomatoschistus (Gobiiformes, Teleostei) from the late Eocene and early Oligocene
FIGURE 8. †Paralates chapelcorneri n. sp., NHMUK PV P 59784. 1. Complete specimen. 2. Skull showing possible symplectic and six branchiostegals. Abbreviations: 1–6 = branchiostegals, ect = ectopterygoid, mpt = metapterygoid, sf = suspensorium fenestra, sym = symplectic. (Photos by K. Webb; © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London)
Figure 11 in Early Oligocene (Rupelian) fishes (Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes) from the Ashley Formation (Cooper Group) of South Carolina, USA
Figure 11. Teleost teeth from the Givhans Ferry Member, Ashley Formation (Rupelian), Dorchester County, South Carolina. A, B.?Sciaenops sp. tooth, SC2007.36.200.1 in profile (A) and basal (B) views. C, D.?Sciaenops sp. tooth, SC2007.36.200.2 in profile (C) and basal (D) views. E–G.?Pogonias sp. tooth, SC2007.36.196 in occlusal (E), profile (F), and basal (G) views. H–J.?Calamus sp. tooth, SC2007.36.198 in occlusal (H), profile (I), and basal (J) views. K–M. Archosargus sp. molariform tooth, SC2007.36.197 in occlusal (K), profile (L), and basal (M) views. N–Q. Archosargus sp. incisiform tooth, SC2007.36.200 in profile (N), lingual (O), labial (P), and basal (Q) views. R–U. Archosargus sp. incisiform tooth, SC2015.29.219 in profile (R), lingual (S), labial (T), and basal (U) views. V, W. Archosargus sp. pharyngeal tooth, SC2007.36.192 in profile (V) and anterior (W) views. X, Y. Archosargus sp. pharyngeal tooth, SC2007.36.193 in profile (X) and anterior (Y) views. Z, AA. Diplodus sp. tooth, SC2015.29.222 in lingual (Z) and posterior (AA) views. BB‒CC. Diplodus sp. tooth, SC2015.29.224 in lingual (BB) and posterior (CC) views. Scale bar=0.5 mm in V, W; 1 mm in A–U, X–CC.
Figure 8 in Early Oligocene (Rupelian) fishes (Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes) from the Ashley Formation (Cooper Group) of South Carolina, USA
Figure 8. Batoid teeth from the Givhans Ferry Member, Ashley Formation (Rupelian), Dorchester County, South Carolina. A, B. "Rhinoptera" sp. tooth, SC2015.29.30 in occlusal (A) and lingual (B) views. C, D. "Mobula" sp. male tooth, SC2007.36.40 in apical (C) and occlusal (D) views. E, F. "Mobula" sp. male tooth, SC2007.36.42 in apical (E) and occlusal (F) views. G, H. "Mobula" sp. female tooth, SC2007.36.43 in occlusal (G) and labial (H) views. I–K. Plinthicus sp. tooth, SC2007.36.48 in occlusal (I), lingual (J), and profile (K) views. Scale bar=1 mm in C–H; 5 mm in A, B, I–K.
Figure 5 in Early Oligocene (Rupelian) fishes (Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes) from the Ashley Formation (Cooper Group) of South Carolina, USA
Figure 5. Selachian teeth from the Givhans Ferry Member, Ashley Formation (Rupelian), Dorchester County, South Carolina. A. Hemipristis cf. H. serra tooth, SC2007.36.7 in labial view. B. Carcharhinus gibbesi upper tooth, SC2007.36.14 in labial view. C. Carcharhinus gibbesi lower tooth, SC2007.36.15 in labial view. D. Physogaleus cf. P. contortus tooth, SC2007.36.19 in labial view. E. Physogaleus sp. tooth, SC2007.36.21 in labial view. F. Galeocerdo aduncus tooth, SC2007.36.17 in labial view. G. Sphyrnidae Morphotype 1 tooth, SC2007.36.26 in labial view. H. Sphyrnidae Morphotype 2 tooth, SC2007.36.24 in labial view. Scale bar=3 mm in E; 5 mm in A, C, D, F, G; 10 mm in B.
Figure 3 in Early Oligocene (Rupelian) fishes (Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes) from the Ashley Formation (Cooper Group) of South Carolina, USA
Figure 3. Selachian teeth from the Givhans Ferry Member, Ashley Formation (Rupelian), Dorchester County, South Carolina. A–C. Ginglymostomatidae indet. tooth, SC2007.36.208 in labial (A), profile (B), and lingual (C) views. D–F. Pachyscyllium sp. tooth, SC2007.36.5 in labial (D), distal (E), and lingual (F) views. Scale bars=1 mm.
Figure 2 in Early Oligocene (Rupelian) fishes (Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes) from the Ashley Formation (Cooper Group) of South Carolina, USA
Figure 2. Generalized stratigraphic section showing lithostratigraphic units occurring in South Carolina. Note that the Gettysville Member of the Ashley Formation is restricted to a very small area, and the Runnymeade Marl Member disconformably overlies the Eocene-Oligocene Harleyville Formation (NP21– NP22) over much of its lateral extent. Irregular lines at upper/ lower boundaries of units represent unconformities, with weight of the line indicating greater or lesser amounts of missing time. Weems et al. (2016) indicated up to 3.0 Ma of missing time between the Ashley and Chandler Bridge formations. NP=nannoplankton zone.
Figure 7 in Early Oligocene (Rupelian) fishes (Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes) from the Ashley Formation (Cooper Group) of South Carolina, USA
Figure 7. Batoid teeth from the Givhans Ferry Member, Ashley Formation (Rupelian), Dorchester County, South Carolina. A, B. Raja mccollumi male tooth, SC2007.36.132 in distal (A) and labial (B) views. C, D. Raja mccollumi female tooth, SC2007.36.31 in mesial (C) and labial (D) views. E, F. Raja sp. male tooth, SC2007.36.33 in mesial (E) and labial (F) views. G, H. Raja mccollumi female tooth, SC2007.36.124 in mesial (G) and labial (H) views. I. Rhynchobatus sp. tooth, SC2007.36.39 in occlusal view. J–M. "Taeniurops" cavernosus low-crowned tooth, SC2015.29.42 in occlusal (J), profile (K), labial (L), and basal (M) views. N–Q. "Taeniurops" cavernosus male tooth, SC2015.29.2 in occlusal (N), profile (O), labial (P), and basal (Q) views. R, S. "Taeniurops" cavernosus low-crowned tooth, SC2007.36.53 in occlusal (R) and profile (S) views. T, U. "Taeniurops" cavernosus male tooth, SC207.36.51 in occlusal (T) and profile (U) views. V–Y. "Dasyatis" sp. low-crowned tooth, SC2015.29.45 in occlusal (V), profile(W), labial (X), and labio-oblique (Y) views. Z–CC. "Dasyatis" sp. low-crowned tooth, SC2007.36.49 in occlusal (Z), profile (AA), lingual (BB), and labial (CC) views. Scale bar=0.5 mm in C, D, G, H; 1 mm in E, F, I, T, U; 2 mm in A, B; 5 mm in J–S, V–CC.
Figure 4. Scyliorhinus weemsi n in Early Oligocene (Rupelian) fishes (Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes) from the Ashley Formation (Cooper Group) of South Carolina, USA
Figure 4. Scyliorhinus weemsi n. sp. teeth from the Givhans Ferry Member, Ashley Formation (Rupelian), Dorchester County, South Carolina. A–D. holotype, SC2007.36.133 in mesial (A), lingual (B), labial (C), and basal (D) views. E–G. paratype, SC2015.29.7 in mesial (E), lingual (F), and labial (G) views. H–J. SC 2015.29.8 in mesial (H), lingual (I), and labial (J) views. K–M. SC2007.36.6 in mesial (K), lingual (L), and labial (M) views. N–P. SC2015.29.6 in mesial (N), lingual (O), and labial (P) views. Q–S. SC2007.36.160 in distal (Q), lingual (R), and labial (S) views. T–V. SC2007.36.203 in mesial (T), lingual (U), and labial (V) views. W–Y. SC2007.36.204 in distal (W), lingual (X), and labial (Y) views. Z–BB SC2007.36.205 in distal (Z), lingual (AA), and labial (BB) views. Scale=0.5 mm in A–D, H–BB, and 1 mm in E–G.
Figure 9 in Early Oligocene (Rupelian) fishes (Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes) from the Ashley Formation (Cooper Group) of South Carolina, USA
Figure 9. Teleost teeth from the Givhans Ferry Member, Ashley Formation (Rupelian), Dorchester County, South Carolina. A, B. Albula sp. tooth, SC2015.29.204 in profile (A) and basal (B) views. C, D. Osteoglossidae indet. tooth, SC2015.29.218 in profile (C) and basal (D) views. E–H. Sphyraena sp. cheek tooth, SC2007.36.120 in close-up showing serrations (E), labial (F), carinal (G), and basal (H) views. I–K. Sphyraena sp. laniary tooth, SC2007.36.190 in labial (I), basal (J), and anterior (K) views. L, M. Paralichthyidae indet. tooth, SC2007.36.259 in labial (L) and distal (M) views. N. Trichiurides cf. T. sagittidens laniary tooth, SC2015.29.185 in profile view. O. Trichiurides cf. T. sagittidens laniary tooth, SC2007.36.210 in profile view. P–R. Palaeocybium sp. tooth, SC2007.36.122 in labial (P), carinal (Q), and basal (R) views. S–U. Scomberomorus sp. tooth, SC2015.29.221 in lingual (S), carinal (T), and basal (U) views. Scale bar=0.4 mm in O; 0.5 mm in C, D, L–N, S–U; 1 mm in A, B, I–K; 3 mm in E–H, P–R.
Figure 6 in Early Oligocene (Rupelian) fishes (Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes) from the Ashley Formation (Cooper Group) of South Carolina, USA
Figure 6. Selachian teeth from the Givhans Ferry Member, Ashley Formation (Rupelian), Dorchester County, South Carolina. A–C. Squalus sp. tooth, SC2007.36.3 in lingual (A), labial (B), and basal (C) views. D–E. Squalus sp. tooth, SC2015.29.17 in labial (D) and lingual (E) views. F–G. Squatina sp. tooth, SC2007.36.4 in labial (F) and distal (G) views. H. Squatina sp. placoid scale, SC2015.29.18 in apical view. I. Squatina sp. placoid scale, SC2007.36.126 in apical view. J–K. Pristiophorus sp., SC2015.29.20 in occlusal (J) and labial (K) views. Scale bar=0.5 mm in H; 1 mm in I; 5 mm in A–G, J, K.
Figure 10 in Early Oligocene (Rupelian) fishes (Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes) from the Ashley Formation (Cooper Group) of South Carolina, USA
Figure 10.?Labridae indet. teeth from the Givhans Ferry Member, Ashley Formation (Rupelian), Dorchester County, South Carolina. A–C. SC2007.36.209.1 in occlusal (A), profile (B), and basal (C) views. D–F. SC2007.36.209.2 in occlusal (D), profile (E), and basal (F) views. Scale bars=0.5 mm.
FIG. 2 in Two New Taxa (Caviomorpha, Rodentia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna (Chile)
FIG. 2. Location map; Tinguiririca River valley, Termas del Flaco, Chile (modified from Wyss et al., 1994).
FIG. 1 in Two New Taxa (Caviomorpha, Rodentia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna (Chile)
FIG. 1. The transitional Eocene-Oligocene portion of the SALMA sequence (based on Flynn and Swisher, 1995; as modified by Croft et al., 2008).
FIG. 6 in Two New Taxa (Caviomorpha, Rodentia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna (Chile)
FIG. 6. (A) Scanning electron micrograph (from Vucetich, 1989), and (B) line drawing of right p4–m2 of Eoviscaccia boliviana MNHN BLV 158 (MNHN(P)). (C–F) Line drawings of the lower dentition of Eoviscaccia australis, (C) MACN CH 1883 (left m1 or m2); (D) MCN CH 1883 (left m1 or m2); (E) MACN CH 1877 (left p4); and (F) MACN CH 1878 (right p4) (after Kramarz, 2001). Multiple teeth of Eoviscaccia australis are shown to illustrate the variable presence of anterofossettids on p4 and shape variability of teeth presumably from the same locus. Abbreviations: Al, anterior lobe; Atfd, anterofossettid; Hfxd, hypoflexid; Pl, posterior lobe. The angled arrow indicates anterior and lingual directions. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIG. 5 in Two New Taxa (Caviomorpha, Rodentia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna (Chile)
FIG. 5. Holotype of Eoviscaccia frassinettii (SGOPV 2935): (A) photograph and (B) line drawing of right p4–m3 in occlusal view; (C) photograph and (D) line drawing in labial view. Abbreviations: Al, anterior lobe; Atfd, anterofossettid, E, entoconid; H, hypoconid; Hfxd, hypoflexid; M, metaconid; P, protoconid; Pl, posterior lobe.
FIG. 3 in Two New Taxa (Caviomorpha, Rodentia) from the Early Oligocene Tinguiririca Fauna (Chile)
FIG. 3. The holotype of Andemys termasi, SGOPV 2933. Photographs (opposite page) in (A) lateral, and (B) occlusal views, with shaded drawings in (C) lateral, and (D) occlusal views. Line drawings (above) in (E) lateral and (F) occlusal views illustrating dental terminology used in text (following in part the nomenclature of Frailey and Campbell, 2004; Marivaux et al., 2004; Jenkins et al. 2005; Pérez, 2010); scale bar applies to A–D. Abbreviations: Atfd, anterofossettid; Atld, anterolophid; E, entoconid; Etlp, ectolophid; Hd, hypoconid; Hfxd, hypoflexid; Hlpd, hypolophid; Hpfd, hypofossettid; Ic, incisor; M, metaconid; Mc, masseter crest; Mf, mental foramen; Msfd, mesofossettid; Mtfd, metafossettid; Mtld, metalophid; nMpi, notch for the insertion of the tendon of the pars maxillomandibularis; Prd, protoconid; Psld, posterolophid; Rt, root; tMpi, tubercle for the insertion of the tendon of the pars maxillomandibularis. The angled arrow indicates anterior and lingual directions for occlusal views. Mandibular nomenclature follows Pérez (2010).
Fig. 4. Right upper jaw with P4–M3 in Propalaeocastor (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Early Oligocene of Burqin Basin, Xinjiang
Fig. 4. Right upper jaw with P4–M3 (IVPP V13690) of Propalaeocastor irtyshensis, n.sp. A, Occlusal view of right P4–M3 (stereograph); B, occlusal view of right P4–M3 (inverse); C, anterior view of P4, showing unihypsodonty; D, lingual view; E, labial (buccal) view. All scale bars = 5 mm.
Fig. 2 in Propalaeocastor (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Early Oligocene of Burqin Basin, Xinjiang
Fig. 2. Sketch showing the maxillary–palatine suture, the posterior palatine foramen, and the groove leading anteriorly from the foramen on the palate of Propalaeocastor irtyshensis, n.sp. (IVPP V13690).
FIG. 19 in Eomakhaira molossus, A New Saber-Toothed Sparassodont (Metatheria: Thylacosmilinae) from the Early Oligocene (?Tinguirirican) Cachapoal Locality, Andean Main Range, Chile
FIG. 19. Size comparison of representative Paleogene proborhyaenids. From largest to smallest, Proborhyaena gigantea (in blue), the largest known proborhyaenid (scaled after AMNH 29576, the largest specimen of this taxon); Callistoe vincei (in green), the smallest named proborhyaenid prior to this study (scaled after the holotype specimen, PVL 4187); Eomakhaira molossus (in red), scaled after SGOPV 3490. Homo sapiens (170 cm tall) to right for comparison. Body mass for Proborhyaena from Prevosti et al. (2013) and Croft et al. (2018), Callistoe from Argot and Babot (2011), and Eomakhaira from the present study. Silhouettes for Proborhyaena (CC-BY-SA 3.0), duplicated for Callistoe and Eomakhaira, and Homo (CC0 1.0) by Zimices, and NASA, respectively, from PhyloPic. Scale bar = 1 m.
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