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3,416 results for “expedition”
IODP Expedition 391 Bulk Density (GRA)
Gamma ray attenuation (GRA) data were acquired using a Cs-137 collimated source and a sodium iodide (thallium), or NaI(Tl), scintillation detector. The signal was calibrated using water and aluminum standards to provide a proxy for bulk density. This measurement was performed by a sensor mounted on either the Whole-Round Multisensor Logger (WRMSL) or the Special Task Multisensor Logger (STMSL); which track was used for a given data set is indicated in the data.
IODP Expedition 391 ICP-AES elemental analysis (solids)
Elemental contents in hard rock and sediment samples was measured by inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectrocopy (ICP-AES). Data are presented by element-wavelength pair (e.g., more than one calcium line may be reported). Elemental lines for which data do not exist for a particular expedition will not appear.
IODP Expedition 391 Interstitial water composite report
This composite report includes data from numerous interstitial water (IW) analyses (e.g., ICP-LIQUIDS and IONCHROM) in a variable set of columns. Each row combines the data from several tests (groups of measurements made on the same sample at the same time) for a particular IW sample. If data do not exist for a particular expedition, the column does not appear. To identify individual samples and tests, see each separate analysis (ALKALINITY, ICP-LIQUIDS, IONCHROM, SALINITY, SPEC, TITRATOR, and potentially others). Major and minor elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrocsopy (ICP-LIQUIDS). Cations and anions were measured by ion chromatography (IONCHROM). Complex ions were measured by colorimetric measurements using a UV-VIS spectrometer (SPEC). Alkalinity and chloride was measured by titration (ALKALINITY and TITRATOR). Dissolved carbon (DC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were measured by combustion in a total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer. Salinity was measured by refractometer (SALINITY). pH was measured by ion-selective electrode as part of the alkalinity procedure and is reported in the ALKALINITY analysis.
IODP Expedition 391 Ion chromatography
Cation and anion concentration in interstitial water samples was measured by ion chromatography using a conductivity detector. Cation analytes include calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium. Anion analytes include chloride, sulfate, and bromide.
IODP Expedition 391 Magnetic susceptibility (whole round)
Magnetic susceptibility was measured on whole-round sections (and rarely section halves) on the Whole-Round Multisensor Logger (WRMSL) and/or Special Task Multisensor Logger (STMSL) using a Bartington MS2 meter and a 90 mm or 80 mm MS2C loop. As volume of the sample is not controlled for this experiment, susceptibility units are recorded in instrument units and are not volume-corrected.
IODP Expedition 391 Moisture and Density
Moisture and density (MAD) data were acquired on ~10 mL sediment or rock samples by measuring three out of four material parameters: wet (saturated) mass, wet volume, dry mass, and/or dry volume after 24 h drying in a convection oven at 105 degrees C. From the moisture and volume measurements, the following phase relationships are calculated: wet and dry water content, wet bulk density, dry bulk density, grain density, porosity, and void ratio. The combination of measurements is defined by the submethod chosen: A, B, C, or D. Wet (A, B, or C) and dry (A, B, C, or D) mass is determined using motion-compensated balances. Wet volume is determined either by helium pycnometry (A) or by the sample's geometric dimensions using calipers (A or D). Dry volume (C or D) is measured by helium pycnometry. Submethods A and B are not recommended by IODP. Submethod C is suitable for saturated materials such as fine-grained sediments. Submethod D is suitable for unsaturated porous material such as certain limestones and basalts.
IODP Expedition 391 Core composite images
A digital composite image (PNG) is made for each core comprising core sections scanned using a line-scan camera. The composite layout is equivalent to traditional core table photos. Top left is top of core; color and meter rule references are included.
IODP Expedition 391 Magnetic susceptibility (Kappabridge)
Bulk magnetic susceptibility and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) were measured on discrete samples using an Agico KLY-4 Kappabridge susceptibility meter. Report includes individual and average principal susceptibilities, inclination and declination of principal susceptibilities, and volume-corrected bulk susceptibility.
IODP Expedition 391 Natural gamma radiation
Natural gamma radiation (NGR) data in the ~0.1 to 3.0 MeV range were measured using eight custom-designed sodium iodide (thallium) [NaI(Tl)] detectors arranged along the core measurement axis at 20 cm intervals. The NGR system uses layers of passive shielding (lead) and active shielding (plastic scintillators and coincidence electronics) to reduce the cosmic-ray signal for low-count analysis of sediment core sections and to obtain the maximum signal-to-noise ratio. Data are reported on a total counts per second basis and the raw spectral files are available as compressed files for later analysis.
IODP Expedition 391 Piece log
Dataset includes length data for every whole-round piece: bin length, whole-round piece length (measured by curation staff), and both the archive- and working-half piece lengths (optionally measured by scientists).
IODP Expedition 391 Portable X-ray fluorescence (p-XRF)
Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) is a rapid, non-destructive technique for determining qualitative and quantitative changes in chemical composition. Aboard the JOIDES Resolution, pXRF is used for measuring points on section halves, rock pieces, and sometimes powders. Spots are typically irradiated at multiple conditions to excite and measure a wide range of elements. The peak intensity changes (we do not provide concentrations) are then used to help recognize and define major chemo-stratigraphic units without the need for destructive sampling.
IODP Expedition 391 Laser height profile (section half)
Height profile data were measured on the Section Half Multisensor Logger (SHMSL) by a rangefinding laser and recorded in uncorrected height units in millimeters in CSV files.
IODP Expedition 391 Section-half images
Digital section images were taken of the flat face of split cores on the Section Half Imaging Logger (SHIL) using a linescan camera at a resolution of 20 lines/mm (50 micron pixels). Cores were imaged as soon as possible after splitting to minimize color changes that occur through oxidation and drying. The SHIL produces TIF files as well as reduced-size JPG files. The TIF files are not kept online but users may request them from the <a href="mailto:database@iodp.tamu.edu">IODP-JRSO Data Librarian</a>.
IODP Expedition 391 RGB channels (calculated from core photos)
Red, green, and blue pixel data were extracted from Section Half Imaging Logger (SHIL) linescan images, typically binned at 0.5 cm resolution using the central 2 cm of the image.
IODP Expedition 391 Color reflectance
Color reflectance data were measured on section halves using an integration sphere and a UV-VIS spectrophotometer mounted on the Section Half Multisensor Logger (SHMSL). Spectral counts are recorded in the range of 380 to 700 nm, covering the visible spectrum, and binned in ~2 nm bins. Spectral data are reduced from spectra and recorded in tristimulus XYZ values, CieLAB L*a*b* values, and other units.
IODP Expedition 391 P-wave velocity logger (whole round)
P-wave velocity data were measured on whole-round sections on the Whole-Round Multisensor Logger (WRMSL) using pairs of piezoelectric transducers mounted on a caliper system. Measurements may be affected by degassing of pore fluid and microfracturing during core recovery. Report includes P-wave velocity in x-y plane and distance and traveltime between transducers.
IODP Expedition 391 Vane shear strength (AVS)
Shear strength was measured on section halves using a GEISA automated vane shear (AVS) frame and device controller. The device is suitable for sediment not affected by cementation (i.e., saturated, clay-rich, soft sediment). Shear strength measurements should be considered only approximate, particularly because the influence of pore pressure changes during the undrained experiment cannot be estimated. Report includes vane shear strength at the sample's failure point, maximum torque angle, penetration direction, and rate of vane rotation.
IODP Expedition 391 P-wave velocity bayonet (section)
P-wave velocity data were measured on undisturbed section halves using pairs of piezoelectric transducers mounted in bayonets that are inserted into soft sediment along the JRSO-defined y-axis and/or z-axis. Report includes P-wave velocity in y and/or z direction, bayonet separation, traveltime between transducers, and first arrival picks.
IODP Expedition 391 Core drilling summary
Report includes detailed drilling data for each core: pump(s) used, mud pumped, strokes, shear pins/pressure, bit size/rotation, weight on bit, top drive torque, rate of penetration, core jams, winch and wirelines, core catcher/shoe and barrel, and whether core orientation, drillover, formation temperature, tracers, liners were used.
IODP Expedition 391 Elemental analysis (CHNS)
Fundamental elemental component (total carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur) fluctuations help define the origin, depositional environment, and diagenetic alteration of source materials. To determine C, H, N, and S, solid samples are reacted with a catalyst, separated by chromatography, and detected by thermal conductivity on a FlashEA 1112 CHNS elemental analyzer. Organic carbon can be directly measured on the elemental analyzer by acidification of the sample to drive off carbonate as carbon dioxide before analyzing. Total organic carbon on this report is measured rather than calculated.
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