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208 results for “groove”
FIGURES 5–6. Piezodorus. Evaporatorium and ostiolar groove. 5. P. guildinii. 6. P in Systematic relationship between Piezodorus guildinii and P. hybneri (Hemiptera Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) and diagnostic characters to separate species
FIGURES 5–6. Piezodorus. Evaporatorium and ostiolar groove. 5. P. guildinii. 6. P. hybneri. EV, evaporatorium; OG, ostiolar groove; OS, ostiole; EWEV, elevated wall of evaporatorium.
Data used in the paper "The minimum scale of grooving on a recently ruptured limestone fault"
<p>There are two types of data presented: matlab structures and xyz files.</p> <p>We include two matlab structures of the results of our analysis, one for the Mt. Vettoretto fault and one for the Corona Heights fault. They have the following 9 fields:</p> <ul> <li>div_x: The length scale where parallel and perpendicular roughness in respect to the striations converge. This is also known as the minimum scale of grooving or the critical length scale, L<sub>c</sub>.</li> <li>div_y: The RMS height where parallel and perpendicular roughness converge.</li> <li>L1 and L2: The length scales in parallel and perpendicular directions.</li> <li>H1 and H2: The RMS height along the length scales in parallel and perpendicular directions. If L1 is in the parallel direction then H1 is also in the parallel direction.</li> <li>Z: The gridded topographic map that is used in the Monte Carlos RMS analysis to then calculate L1, L2, H1, and H2.</li> <li>dx: The spacing of the gridded data points in the gridded topographic map.</li> <li>FileName: The name of the original xyz scan for the Mt. Vettoretto data. For the Corona Heights data, the name of the files given to me by T. Candela.</li> </ul> <p>The xyz files presented are white light interferometer and structure from motion scans of the Mt. Vettoretto fault surface. They correspond to the "FileName" field of the MtVet_MinScaleRMS.mat file.</p>
Judged Roughness as a Function of Groove Frequency and Groove Width in 3D-Printed Gratings
<p>For different types of textures judged roughness has been shown to be an inverted U-shaped function of inter-element spacing when texture amplitude is low. This may be due to an interplay of two “components” that contribute to the skin’s spatial deformation, and thus to a spatial-intensive code to roughness: (1) deformation increases with the depth of the finger’s intrusion between elements, which increases with inter-element spacing until the finger contacts the ground; and (2) skin deformation decreases with a decreasing number of inter-element gaps being simultaneously under the skin, i.e. with the texture’s spatial frequency (which is negatively correlated with inter-element spacing). The present study systematically tested these ideas. We presented participants different series of 3D-printed rectangular grating stimuli, in which the width of the grating’s grooves varied and the spatial frequency of grooves was constant, or vice versa. Participants touched the stimuli without lateral movement and judged roughness using magnitude estimation. As predicted and previously observed, judged roughness increased with groove width and groove frequency. However, the predicted increase with groove frequency, was only found for frequencies below about 0.5 mm<sup>−1</sup>. For larger frequencies, roughness decreased with increasing frequency. The decrease is at odds with findings from earlier studies that used aluminum rather than plastic gratings. The results corroborate the assumption that the area of skin deformation plays a crucial role for roughness, but at the same time, point to the influence of subtle differences between materials that should be investigated in the future.</p>
text-fig. 42. Left femora of theropod dinosaurs, illustrating several hindlimb characters, a, Liliensternus liliensterni; lateral view; based on MB R. 2175. B, Ceratosaurus sp.; lateral view; based on UMNH VP 5278. C-D, Allosaurus fragilis; anterior and lateral view; redrawn from Madsen (1976). e, Velociraptor mongoliensis; lateral view; based on IGM 100/986. Abbreviations: ag, anterior groove; fh, femoral head; gt, greater trochanter; It, lesser trochanter; mf, medial flange; pit, posterolateral trochanter; tc, trochanteric crest; 4th, fourth trochanter. Scale bars represent 50 mm (a-b), 100 mm (c-d), and 10 mm (e). in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 42. Left femora of theropod dinosaurs, illustrating several hindlimb characters, a, Liliensternus liliensterni; lateral view; based on MB R. 2175. B, Ceratosaurus sp.; lateral view; based on UMNH VP 5278. C-D, Allosaurus fragilis; anterior and lateral view; redrawn from Madsen (1976). e, Velociraptor mongoliensis; lateral view; based on IGM 100/986. Abbreviations: ag, anterior groove; fh, femoral head; gt, greater trochanter; It, lesser trochanter; mf, medial flange; pit, posterolateral trochanter; tc, trochanteric crest; 4th, fourth trochanter. Scale bars represent 50 mm (a-b), 100 mm (c-d), and 10 mm (e).
text-fig. 27. Posterior dorsal vertebrae of three theropod dinosaurs in left lateral view, showing states for several axial characters. A, Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis; penultimate dorsal vertebra; redrawn (reversed) from Novas (1993). B, Syntarsus rhodesiensis-, reconstruction of the eleventh dorsal vertebra; based on QG 1. c, unnamed compsognathine from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil; reconstruction of the posteriormost dorsal vertebra; based on SMNK 2349 Pal. Abbreviations as in ext-figures 24 and 26, and: pg, pleurocentral groove; st, spine table. Scale bars represent 10 mm. in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 27. Posterior dorsal vertebrae of three theropod dinosaurs in left lateral view, showing states for several axial characters. A, Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis; penultimate dorsal vertebra; redrawn (reversed) from Novas (1993). B, Syntarsus rhodesiensis-, reconstruction of the eleventh dorsal vertebra; based on QG 1. c, unnamed compsognathine from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil; reconstruction of the posteriormost dorsal vertebra; based on SMNK 2349 Pal. Abbreviations as in ext-figures 24 and 26, and: pg, pleurocentral groove; st, spine table. Scale bars represent 10 mm.
text-fig. 9. Theropod skulls in dorsal view showing different character states of several cranial characters. Character state indication as in Text-figure 7. A, Syntarsus rhodesiensis; modified from Raath (1977, figured in Colbert 1989). B, Ceratosaurus nasicomis', based on Marsh (1896), Gilmore (1920) and USNM 4735. c, generalized ornithomimosaur; based mainly on Gallimimus bullatus, figured in Osmólska et al. (1972), with some modifications based on Ornithomimus sp. (MP 90.26.1). D, Velociraptor mongoliensis\ redrawn from Barsbold and Osmólska (1999). Abbreviations as in ext-figures 4-6, and: g, groove; nh, nasal horn; pnf, postnasal fenestra; pop, paroccipital process; sc, saggital crest. Scale bars represent 50 mm (a, c-d) and 100 mm (b). in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 9. Theropod skulls in dorsal view showing different character states of several cranial characters. Character state indication as in Text-figure 7. A, Syntarsus rhodesiensis; modified from Raath (1977, figured in Colbert 1989). B, Ceratosaurus nasicomis', based on Marsh (1896), Gilmore (1920) and USNM 4735. c, generalized ornithomimosaur; based mainly on Gallimimus bullatus, figured in Osmólska et al. (1972), with some modifications based on Ornithomimus sp. (MP 90.26.1). D, Velociraptor mongoliensis\ redrawn from Barsbold and Osmólska (1999). Abbreviations as in ext-figures 4-6, and: g, groove; nh, nasal horn; pnf, postnasal fenestra; pop, paroccipital process; sc, saggital crest. Scale bars represent 50 mm (a, c-d) and 100 mm (b).
TEXT-FIGURE 2. Precisions on some dorsal internal terms used for the thecideoid brachiopods (Ospreyella mayottensis sp. nov., MNHN-IB-2017-179). Abbreviations: ibl, interbrachial lobe, i.e. the lobes occurring between the main arms of the lopho- phore in Ospreyella in particular; ibr, intrabrachial ridge, i.e. the ridges immediately within the main arms of the lophophore and which define the brachial lobes; lg, lophophore groove, i.e. the groove that accommodates the main arms of the lophophore; pbr, peribrachial ridge, i.e. the ridge that encloses the outer margins of the main arms of the lophophore. in Recent thecideide brachiopods from a submarine cave in the Department of Mayotte (France), northern Mozambique Channel
TEXT-FIGURE 2. Precisions on some dorsal internal terms used for the thecideoid brachiopods (Ospreyella mayottensis sp. nov., MNHN-IB-2017-179). Abbreviations: ibl, interbrachial lobe, i.e. the lobes occurring between the main arms of the lopho- phore in Ospreyella in particular; ibr, intrabrachial ridge, i.e. the ridges immediately within the main arms of the lophophore and which define the brachial lobes; lg, lophophore groove, i.e. the groove that accommodates the main arms of the lophophore; pbr, peribrachial ridge, i.e. the ridge that encloses the outer margins of the main arms of the lophophore.
Data from: "Glycerol-blended chitosan membranes with directional micro-grooves and reduced stiffness improve Schwann cell wound healing"
<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> <p>Regenerative medicine is continuously looking for new natural biocompatible and possibly biodegradable materials, but also mechanically compliant. Chitosan is emerging as a promising FDA-approved biopolymer for tissue engineering, however, its exploitation in regenerative devices is limited by its brittleness and can be further improved, for example, by blending it with other materials or by tuning its superficial microstructure. Here, we developed membranes made of chitosan and glycerol, by solvent casting and micropatterned them with directional geometries with different levels of axial symmetry. These membranes were characterized by light microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermal, mechanical, and degradation assays, and also tested in vitro as scaffolds with Schwann cells. The glycerol-blended chitosan membranes are optimized in terms of mechanical properties, and present a physiological-grade Young's modulus (≈ 0.7 MPa). The directional topographies are effective in directing cell polarization and migration and in particular are highly performant substrates for collective cell migration. Here, we demonstrate that a combination of a soft compliant biomaterial and topographical micropatterning can improve the integration of these scaffolds with Schwann cells, which is a fundamental step in the peripheral nerve regeneration process.</p>
FIGURES 256–258 in Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457
FIGURES 256–258. Phraepsyche pectinata, new species, holotype. 256 —head, frontal; 257 —head, dorsal; 258 — tentorium dorsal.
FIGURES 249–252 in Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457
FIGURES 249–252. Lannapsyche kamba, new species, holotype. 249 — genitalia, lateral; 250 — genitalia, dorsal; 251 — gonocoxite, ventral; 252 — phallus, lateral.
FIGURES 224–226 in Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457
FIGURES 224–226. Psilotreta enikoae, new species, holotype. 224 —head, frontal; 225 —head, dorsal; 226 — right forewing.
FIGURES 185–188 in Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457
FIGURES 185–188. Marilia katakaha, new species, holotype. 185 — genitalia, lateral; 186 — genitalia, dorsal; 187 — gonocoxite, ventral; 188 — phallus, lateral.
FIGURES 172–177 in Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457
FIGURES 172–177. Marilia enikiana, new species, holotype. 172 — right wings; 173 — genitalia, lateral; 174 — genitalia, dorsal; 175 — gonocoxite, ventral; 176 — phallus, lateral; 177 — phallus, ventral.
FIGURES 241–244 in Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457
FIGURES 241–244. Lannapsyche birathena, new species, holotype. 241 — genitalia, lateral; 242 — genitalia, dorsal; 243 — gonocoxite, ventral; 244 — phallus, lateral.
FIGURES 160–162 in Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457
FIGURES 160–162. Molanna gamdaha, new species, holotype. 160 — head, frontal; 161 — tentorium, dorsal; 162 — head, dorsal.
FIGURES 232–237 in Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457
FIGURES 232–237. Psilotreta malickyi, new species, holotype. 232 —head, frontal; 233 —head, dorsal; 234 — genitalia, lateral; 235 — genitalia, dorsal; 236 — gonocoxite, ventral; 237 — phallus, lateral.
FIGURES 189–191 in Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457
FIGURES 189–191. Marilia malickyi, new species, holotype. 189 —head, frontal; 190 —head, dorsal; 191 — tentorium, dorsal.
FIGURES 148–157 in Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457
FIGURES 148–157. Anisocentropus species, right forewings, non-types. 148 — A. krampus Maicky; 149 — A. latifascia (Walker); 150 — A. machlachlani Ulmer; 151 — A. muricatus Neboiss; 152 — A. pictilis Neboiss; 153 — A. piepersi McLachlan; 154 — A. semiflavus Banks; 155 — A. solomonis Banks; 156 — A. torulus Neboiss; 157 — A. triangulatus Ulmer.
FIGURES 264–266 in Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457
FIGURES 264–266. Phraepsyche yitungshana, new species, holotype. 264 —head, frontal; 265 —head, dorsal; 266 — head, lateral.
FIGURES 138–147 in Description of 33 new species of Calamoceratidae, Molannidae, Odontoceridae and Philorheithridae (Trichoptera), with detailed presentation of their cephalic setal warts and grooves 2457
FIGURES 138–147. Anisocentropus species, right forewings, non-types. 138 — A. banghaasi Ulmer; 139 — A. bellus Banks; 140 — A. bicoloratus (Martynov); 141 — A. bipustulatus Botosaneanu & DeVos; 142 — A. dilucidus Botosaneanu & DeVos; 143 — A. eungellus Neboiss; 144 — A. fulgidus Navás; 145 — A. illustris McLachlan; 146 — A. io Kimmins; 147 — A. kirramus Malicky.
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