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461 results for “harvestmen”
FIGURE 6 in Two new Colombian harvestmen of the genus Quindina Roewer, 1914 (Opiliones Nomoclastidae)
FIGURE 6. Phylogenetic hypothesis for Quindina, reassessed by the inclusion of the new species described here; only the Nomoclastidae clade is displayed, since the topology of the outgroup terminals is similar to that obtained by Kury & Villarreal (2015) and Pinto-da-Rocha & Bragagnolo (2017). The tree was built with implied weighting (k=1, 2, 3). Underlined species build mud nests. Navajo rugs: NE, Nelsen strict consensus under equal weighting; MA, Majority rule>50%; SW, successive weighting; K, implied weighting (K 1, 2, 3).
FIGURE 5 in Two new Colombian harvestmen of the genus Quindina Roewer, 1914 (Opiliones Nomoclastidae)
FIGURE 5. Records of the four Colombian Quindina species. Inset: location of the sector represented.
FIGURE 2 in Two new Colombian harvestmen of the genus Quindina Roewer, 1914 (Opiliones Nomoclastidae)
FIGURE 2. Penis of Quindina hermesi sp. nov., holotype (ICN-AO-1729): A. dorsal view, B. ventral view, C. ventrolateral view, D. lateral view. Scales: 0.01 mm.
FIGURES 55–56 in Two new genera of epigean harvestmen (Opiliones, Stygnopsidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with an identification key for the stygnopsine genera
FIGURES 55–56. Guelaguetzia cuicateca sp. nov. and Guelaguetzia serrana sp. nov., details of macrosetae D. 55, penis of G. cuicateca sp. nov. (CNAN-T01330). 56, penis of G. serrana sp. nov. (CNAN-T01334). White arrows indicate remnant macrosetae D. Scale bars: 25 µm.
FIGURE 57 in Two new genera of epigean harvestmen (Opiliones, Stygnopsidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with an identification key for the stygnopsine genera
FIGURE 57. Distribution map of Ampliphallus chimalapaensis gen. nov., sp. nov. (white circle) and two species of Guelaguetzia gen.nov.: G. cuicateca sp. nov. (black square) and G. serrana sp. nov. (white square).
FIGURES 52–54 in Two new genera of epigean harvestmen (Opiliones, Stygnopsidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with an identification key for the stygnopsine genera
FIGURES 52–54. Guelaguetzia serrana sp. nov., penis of holotype male (CNAN-T01334). 52, dorsal. 53, lateral. 54, ventral. Macrosetae groups: yellow=A, blue=B, pink=C, green=D, white arrows=remnant sockets of macrosetae E. Scale bars: 100 µm.
FIGURES 37–39 in Two new genera of epigean harvestmen (Opiliones, Stygnopsidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with an identification key for the stygnopsine genera
FIGURES 37–39. Guelaguetzia serrana sp. nov., holotype male (CNAN-T01334) and paratype female (CNAN-T01335). 37, habitus holotype, dorsal view. 38, habitus female, dorsal view. 39, lateral view holotype. Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIGURES 4–6 in Two new genera of epigean harvestmen (Opiliones, Stygnopsidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with an identification key for the stygnopsine genera
FIGURES 4–6. Ampliphallus chimalapaensis sp. nov., holotype male (CNAN-T01327). 4, dorsal scutum. 5, venter. 6, anal plate, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIGURES 1–3 in Two new genera of epigean harvestmen (Opiliones, Stygnopsidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with an identification key for the stygnopsine genera
FIGURES 1–3. Ampliphallus chimalapaensis sp. nov., holotype male (CNAN-T01327) and paratype female (CNAN-T T01328). 1, habitus holotype, dorsal view. 2, habitus female, dorsal view. 3, lateral view holotype. Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIGURES 24–27 in Two new genera of epigean harvestmen (Opiliones, Stygnopsidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with an identification key for the stygnopsine genera
FIGURES 24–27. Guelaguetzia cuicateca sp. nov., holotype male (CNAN-T01330). 24, chelicera, frontal view. 25, chelicera, mesal view. 26, pedipalp, mesal view. 27, pedipalpal tibia and tarsus, ventral view (major spiniform setiferous tubercles on tibia indicated as T1–T3). Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIGURES 16–18 in Two new genera of epigean harvestmen (Opiliones, Stygnopsidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with an identification key for the stygnopsine genera
FIGURES 16–18. Ampliphallus chimalapaensis sp. nov., penis of holotype male (CNAN-T01327). 16, dorsal. 17, lateral. 18, ventral. Macrosetae groups: yellow=A, blue=B, pink=C, green=D. Scale bars: 100 µm.
FIGURES 28–33 in Two new genera of epigean harvestmen (Opiliones, Stygnopsidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with an identification key for the stygnopsine genera
FIGURES 28–33. Guelaguetzia cuicateca sp. nov., 28–32: holotype male (CNAN-T01330). 28, leg IV, ectal view. 29, leg IV, mesal view. 30, trochanter IV, dorsal view. 31, trochanter IV, ventral view. 32, femur IV, ventral view. 33, paratype female (CNAN-T01331), femur IV, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIGURES 11–15 in Two new genera of epigean harvestmen (Opiliones, Stygnopsidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with an identification key for the stygnopsine genera
FIGURES 11–15. Ampliphallus chimalapaensis sp. nov., holotype male (CNAN-T01327). 11, trochanter IV, dorsal view. 12, trochanter IV, ventral view. 13, leg IV, ectal view. 14, leg IV, mesal view. 15, femur IV, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Comparing harvestmen species composition between habitats on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts
<p>Dataset submitted in fulfillment of a 2010 Nantucket Biodiversity Initiative grant.</p> <p>From 2006 through 2008, we collected surface invertebrate specimens using pitfall traps from a variety of habitats on Nantucket Island and Tuckernuck Island, Massachusetts. In this project, we sorted 413 harvestmen from these samples, identified all specimens to species, and compared species distributions within four general habitat types. We identified all four species that appear on a historic species list from the late 1920’s and we added the non-native species Phalangium opilio. We found that H. maculosus prefers open heathland habitat over dense heathland and tupelo forest. Other species showed no significant preference for a specific habitat. We continue to sort specimens.</p> <p>allHarvestmentData.csv<br> anovaData.csv - data used for anova<br> dataDictionary.csv<br> mckenna-foster-paradis-nbi-report-2011.pdf<br> mckenna-foster-paradis-nbi-poster-2011.pdf - slides for a poster presentation at the 2011 NBIconference</p>
Harvestmen locomotion kinematics
<p>Dataset is the experimental test of changes in biomechanics of Neotropical harvestmen after leg loss. Data includes locomotor performance, as well as postural and stride kinematic variables. Please see the associated manuscript for more details and information (Escalante, I., Badger, M.A. & Elias, D.O. Rapid recovery of locomotor performance after leg loss in harvestmen. <i>Sci Rep</i> <b>10, </b>13747 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70557-2).</p>
Supplementary material for: the phylogeny and evolution of the flashiest of the armored harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones)
<p>Gonyleptoidea, largely restricted to the Neotropics, constitutes the most diverse superfamily of Opiliones and includes the largest and flashiest representatives of this arachnid order. However, the relationships among its main lineages (families and superfamilies) and the timing of their origin are not sufficiently understood to explain how this tropical clade has been able to colonize the temperate zone. Here we used transcriptomics and divergence time dating to investigate the phylogeny of Gonyleptoidea. Our results support the monophyly of Gonyleptoidea and all of its families with more than one species represented. Resolution within Gonyleptidae s.s. is achieved for many clades, but some subfamilies are not monophyletic (Gonyleptinae, Mitobatinae, and Pachylinae), requiring taxonomic revision. Our data show evidence for one colonization of today's temperate zone early in the history of Gonyleptidae, during the Paleogene, at a time when the Neotropical area extended poleward into regions now considered temperate. This provides a possible mechanism for the colonization of the extratropics by a tropical group following the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum, explaining how latitudinal diversity gradients (LDGs) can be established. Taxonomic acts: Ampycidae Kury 2003 is newly ranked as family; <i>Neosadocus</i> Mello-Leitão is transferred to Progonyleptoidellinae (new subfamilial assignment).</p>
Locomotor endurance and oxygen consumption of harvestmen
<p>Animal movements are highly constrained by morphology and energetics. In addition, predictable bodily damage can constrain locomotion even further. For example, for animals moving on land, losing legs may impose additional costs. We tested if losing legs affects the distance travelled over time (endurance) and the metabolic costs of locomotion (oxygen consumption) in Nelima paessleri harvestmen. These arachnids voluntary releases legs (i.e., autotomy) in response to predation attempts. We used flow-through respirometry as animals moved on a treadmill inside a sealed chamber. We found that endurance decreased gradually with an increasing number of legs lost. Interestingly, oxygen consumption increased only for harvestmen that lost three legs, but not for individuals that lost only a single leg. These results have different ecological and evolutionary implications. Reduced endurance may impair an animal's ability to continue moving away from potential predators, while increased oxygen consumption makes movement costlier. Our findings suggest that individuals have a threshold number of legs that can be lost before experiencing measurable energetic consequences. Overall, our findings illustrate how animals respond to morphological modifications (i.e., damage) that affect the physiology of locomotion.</p>
FIGURES 57–65. Sabacon sergeidedicatum Martens, 1989 in The harvestmen fauna (Arachnida: Opiliones) of the Katunsky Biosphere Reserve and adjacent territories (South Siberia, Russia), with a description of a new species of Sabacon (Sabaconidae) and notes on Sabacon sergeidedicatum Martens, 1989
FIGURES 57–65. Sabacon sergeidedicatum Martens, 1989 (male 57–62, female 63: 57 Tomsk ISEA O.001.0274; 58–59 Shorsky National Park ISEA O.001.0255; 60 Khakassia ISEA O.001.0272; 61, 63 near Iogach ISEA O.001.0028; 62 Kazakhstan ISEA O.001.0279) and S. zateevi sp. nov. (64 male paratype ISEA O.001.0286; 65 female paratype ISEA O.001.0281): 57–62, 64 Male palpal coxae, retrolateral view; 63, 65 Female palpal coxae, retrolateral view. Scales: 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 45–56. Sabacon sergeidedicatum Martens, 1989 in The harvestmen fauna (Arachnida: Opiliones) of the Katunsky Biosphere Reserve and adjacent territories (South Siberia, Russia), with a description of a new species of Sabacon (Sabaconidae) and notes on Sabacon sergeidedicatum Martens, 1989
FIGURES 45–56. Sabacon sergeidedicatum Martens, 1989 (45–49, 51–55: 45, 51 Tomsk ISEA O.001.0274; 46, 52 Shorsky National Park ISEA O.001.0255; 47, 53 Khakassia ISEA O.001.0272; 48, 54 near Iogach ISEA O.001.0028; 49, 55 Kazakhstan ISEA O.001.0279) and S. zateevi sp. nov. (male paratype ISEA O.001.0286 50, 56): 45–50 Chelicera, retrolateral view; 51–56 Same, dorso-prolateral view. Scales: 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 22–27. Sabacon sergeidedicatum Martens, 1989 in The harvestmen fauna (Arachnida: Opiliones) of the Katunsky Biosphere Reserve and adjacent territories (South Siberia, Russia), with a description of a new species of Sabacon (Sabaconidae) and notes on Sabacon sergeidedicatum Martens, 1989
FIGURES 22–27. Sabacon sergeidedicatum Martens, 1989 (22–24) and S. zateevi sp. nov. (25–27, paratype from ISEA), scanning electron macrographs: 22, 25 Chelicera, retrolateral view; 23, 26 Palp, retrolateral view; 24, 27 Palpal patella, retrolatero-ventral view. Scales: 0.5 mm (22–23, 25–26), 0.1 (24, 27).
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