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115 results for “holothurians”
FIGURE 8 in Two new species of the bathyal holothurian genus Pannychia (Elasipodida, Laetmogonidae) from Japanese waters
FIGURE 8. SEM images of wheel ossicles from dorsal and ventral body walls of Pannychia rinkaimaruae sp. nov. (A, B from dorsal body wall; C, D from ventral body wall; holotype, NSMT E-13404). A, large wheels with triangular rim teeth and calcareous membrane, convex side view (left) and concave side view (right); B, small wheels with conical rim teeth but without calcareous membrane, convex side view (left) and concave side view (right); C, large wheels with triangular rim teeth and calcareous membrane, convex side view (left) and concave side view (right); D, small wheels with conical rim teeth but without calcareous membrane, convex side view (left) and concave side view (right).
FIGURE 6 in Two new species of the bathyal holothurian genus Pannychia (Elasipodida, Laetmogonidae) from Japanese waters
FIGURE 6. External morphology of Pannychia rinkaimaruae sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT E-13404). A, dorsal view after preservation; B, ventral view after preservation; C, dorsal view before preserved in alcohol; D, ventral view before preserved in alcohol. Mouth is right, and anus is left. No scale bar is available in C and D.
FIGURE 5 in Two new species of the bathyal holothurian genus Pannychia (Elasipodida, Laetmogonidae) from Japanese waters
FIGURE 5. SEM images of wheel ossicles from ventral body walls of Pannychia nagasakimaruae sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT E-13401). A, large wheels with triangular rim teeth and calcareous membrane, convex side view (left) and concave side view (right); B, mid-sized wheels with rim teeth but calcareous membrane incompletely covering the nave, convex side view (left) and concave side view (right); C, small wheels without brim teeth and calcareous membrane, regular forms convex side view (C1 left) and concave side view (C1 right), irregular form with additional holes deriving on outer rim (C2); D, a perforated wheel.
FIGURE 4 in Two new species of the bathyal holothurian genus Pannychia (Elasipodida, Laetmogonidae) from Japanese waters
FIGURE 4. SEM images of wheel ossicles from dorsal body wall of Pannychia nagasakimaruae sp. nov. (A, B, C from holotype, NSMT E-13401; D from a paratype, NSMT E-9443). A, large wheels with triangular rim teeth and calcareous membrane, convex side view (left) and concave side view (right); B, mid-sized wheels with rim teeth but calcareous membrane incompletely covering the nave, convex side view (left) and concave side view (right); C, small wheels without rim teeth and calcareous membrane, regular forms (C1) convex side view (left) and concave side view (right), irregular form (C2); D, a perforated wheel.
FIGURE 3. X in Two new species of the bathyal holothurian genus Pannychia (Elasipodida, Laetmogonidae) from Japanese waters
FIGURE 3. X-ray μCT scanning image of the calcareous ring and SEM images of rod ossicles from a tentacle of Pannychia nagasakimaruae sp. nov. (holotype, NSMT E-13404). A, aboral view of calcareous ring; B, rod ossicles from a tentacle. R and IR mean radial and interradial elements of calcareous ring, respectively. Roman numerals with R and Arabic numerals with IR denote the positions of the elements of the calcareous ring. Rap indicates anterior processes of a radial element; Rdn, deep indentation of a radial element; IRap, an anterior process of an interradial element.
FIGURE 2 in Two new species of the bathyal holothurian genus Pannychia (Elasipodida, Laetmogonidae) from Japanese waters
FIGURE 2. External morphology of Pannychia nagasakimaruae sp. nov. A, dorsal view after preservation (holotype, NSMT E-13401); B, ventral view after preservation (holotype, NSMT E-13401); C, dorsal lateral view before in preserved in alcohol (a paratype, NSMT E-9442). Mouth is right, and anus is left. Several papillae, tube feet, and tentacles are damaged and lost.
FIGURE 1 in Two new species of the bathyal holothurian genus Pannychia (Elasipodida, Laetmogonidae) from Japanese waters
FIGURE 1. Known records of Japanese Pannychia specimens and sampling localities of Pannychia nagasakimaruae sp. nov. and Pannychia rinkaimaruae sp. nov. Closed rhombuses mean P. henrici; open star P. moseleyi; open circles P. virgulifera; open rhombuses P. nagasakimaruae sp. nov.; closed circles P. rinkaimaruae sp. nov. Bold characters with symbols show sampling localities of P. nagasakimaruae sp. nov. and P. rinkaimaruae sp. nov.
Data from: A new ophiocistioid with soft-tissue preservation from the Silurian Herefordshire Lagerstätte, and the evolution of the holothurian body plan
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Data from: Clonal structure through space and time: high stability in the holothurian Stichopus chloronotus (Echinodermata)
Sea cucumbers are increasingly exploited for human consumption and for their curative properties, and many wild populations are now depleted or in danger of extinction. While aquaculture is seen as an alternative to fisheries and as a mean to restore wild populations, more knowledge is needed on their reproductive strategies to render this practice efficient, notably for fissiparous holothurians, which are some of the mobile animals able of asexual reproduction by transverse fission. Little information is available on their population genetic diversity and structure. Here, the clonal structure of populations of the fissiparous sea cucumber Stichopus chloronotus has been investigated using nine microsatellite loci and a random sampling, at different spatial (intra-reef and inter-reef) and temporal (inter-season and inter-year) scales. Our findings highlight the importance of asexual reproduction in maintaining these populations, and the prevalence of the "initial seedling recruitment" strategy (ISR), leading to a high stability of clonal composition over seasons and years. It also seemed that clonal propagation was limited to the reef scale (<10 km) while reefs were connected by sexual dispersal. This is the first time that clonal structure in sea cucumbers has been studied at such a fine scale, with a specific sampling strategy. It provides key findings on the genetic diversity and structure of fissiparous sea cucumbers, which will be useful for the management of wild populations and aquaculture.
Figure 3 from: Turanov SV, Smirnov AV, Kartavtsev YuPh (2024) Taxonomic position of holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea). ZooKeys 1197: 237-248. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1197.117752
Figure 3 SEM photomicrographs of the body wall ossicles of Eupentacta species A–DE. quinquesemita, Mendocino, California (holotype, Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University) A basket B knobbed plate C fenestrated hollow ellipsoid D very large scale-like multilayer plate E, FE. pseudoquinquesemita, Kodiak Island, Shelikof Strait, Uyak Bay, Heard of Larson's Inlet, Alaska (paralectotype, United States National Museum E2288) E basket F irregular plate with tubercles rising above G, HE. fraudatrix, Peter the Great Bay, Vostok Bay, Russia G plate with oval disk with four holes and a handle-like arch between the two holes in the longitudinal axis (underdeveloped table with modified 2-pillared spire?) H plate with small elevation in the center. Scale bars: 10 µm (A, B, E, G); 30 µm (F, H); 100 µm (C, D).
Figure 2 from: Turanov SV, Smirnov AV, Kartavtsev YuPh (2024) Taxonomic position of holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea). ZooKeys 1197: 237-248. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1197.117752
Figure 2 Part of the calcareous ring of Eupentacta fraudatrix. RDIR, right dorsal interradial plate; RVR, right ventral radial plate; RVIR, right ventral interradial plate; MVR, medioventral radial plate; LVIR, left ventral interradial plate; LVR, left ventral radial plate (from Baranova 1971).
Figure 1 from: Turanov SV, Smirnov AV, Kartavtsev YuPh (2024) Taxonomic position of holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea). ZooKeys 1197: 237-248. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1197.117752
Figure 1 Co-phylogram plot showing relationships of the genera Eupentacta and Sclerodactyla, with related holothurians, as inferred from a phylogenetic analysis of the COI (left) and 16S rRNA (right) gene sequences. The trees were rooted at a midpoint. The numerals at the nodes are nonparametric bootstrap test (NJ, ML) and a posteriori probability (BI, %) values (the order is NJ/ML/BI). The dotted line connects the identifiers of the sequences from the same specimen. The sequences obtained in the present study are indicated with bold letters. The scale on the left and right bottom shows the relative length of branches in two gene trees.
Fig. 6 in Elpidia soyoae, a New Species of Deep-sea Holothurian (Echinodermata) from the Japan Trench Area
Fig. 6. SEM images of rods from tentacles of Elpidia soyoae sp. nov. (NSMT E-12635: paratype). Rods with arched axis, especially shortened horizontal arms, and vertical apophyses. Abbreviations: ax, axis; ha, horizontal arms; va, vertical apophyses.
Fig. 5 in Elpidia soyoae, a New Species of Deep-sea Holothurian (Echinodermata) from the Japan Trench Area
Fig. 5. SEM images of ossicles from ventral body wall of Elpidia soyoae sp. nov. (holotype). Rods with straight axis, well developed horizontal arms, and vertical apophyses. Abbreviations: ax, axis; ha, horizontal arms; va, vertical apophyses.
FIGURE 13. Collection localities for Psolidium kharlamenkoi n in Psolidium kharlamenkoi-a new species of holothurian (Holothuroidea Dendrochirotida: Psolidae) from the Kuril Islands
FIGURE 13. Collection localities for Psolidium kharlamenkoi n. sp.
FIGURE 9 in Psychropotid holothurians (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Elasipodida) collected at abyssal depths from around the Crozet Plateau in the Southern Indian Ocean*
FIGURE 9. Psychropotes xenochromata sp. nov. A–F, dorsal deposits; G–I, ventral deposits.
Figure 3 from: Gutt J, Piepenburg D, Voß J (2014) Asteroids, ophiuroids and holothurians from the southeastern Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean). ZooKeys 434: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.434.7622
Figure 3 - Relative abundance proportions of Asteroidea (AST), Ophiuroidea (OPH) and Holothuroidea (HOL) within the three assemblages (Eastern Shelf, Southern Shelf, and Overdeepened Basins I & II) defined by cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling. In addition, the two most abundant families are given for each echinoderm class.
Figure 2 from: Gutt J, Piepenburg D, Voß J (2014) Asteroids, ophiuroids and holothurians from the southeastern Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean). ZooKeys 434: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.434.7622
Figure 2 - Faunal resemblance pattern (a) and geographic distibution (b) of stations where both asterozoans and holothurians were sampled during "Polarstern" cruises PS01, PS04, and PS06. a Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) plot showing the faunal between-station resemblance pattern. The numbers are station numbers, the affiliation of stations to asterozoan-holothurian assemblages, based on cluster analysis (complete linkage, threshold of 21% Bray-Curtis similarity), are indicated by color codes. According to cluster analysis, stn 213 belongs to cluster "Overdeepened Basins II" but based on MSD ordination it was assigned to cluster "Eastern Shelf" b Geographic map of stations. Symbol color denotes assemblage affiliation according to cluster analysis and Multidimensional Scaling (see Fig. 2a), symbol size is scaled according to the number of species at each station (ranging from 13 to 51).
Figure 1 from: Gutt J, Piepenburg D, Voß J (2014) Asteroids, ophiuroids and holothurians from the southeastern Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean). ZooKeys 434: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.434.7622
Figure 1 - Map of stations in the southeastern Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean) where either asterozoans and holothurians separately or both asterozoans and holothurians together were sampled during "Polarstern" cruises PS01, PS04, and PS06. In case of station number 310 that occurred during two cruises, cruise numbers are included in the station labels.
Data from: Clonal structure through space and time: high stability in the holothurian Stichopus chloronotus (Echinodermata)
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