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Fig. 1 in Toxicity for control of Frankliniella schultzei and Selenothrips rubrocinctus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of several common synthetic insecticides

Fig. 1. Adult Frankliniella schultzei. Photograph by Ittipon Bannakan, Insect Taxonomy Group, the Entomology and Zoology Division, Plant Protection Research and Development office, Department of Agriculture, Bangkok, Thailand.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2018View details →

Fig. 2 in Management of flower thrips in Florida strawberries with Steinernema feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and the insecticide sulfoxaflor

Fig. 2. Least square means (± 95% confidence intervals) for (A) adult and (B) larval thrips (Frankliniella bispinosa) per 10 strawberry flowers from research plots near Balm, Florida, sprayed 3, 7, and 16 Mar 2016 with Steinernema feltiae and 3 and 16 Mar 2016 with insecticides. Treatments were applied and reapplied when total thrips counts exceeded 5 per flower. Means in lower panel with the same letter are not significantly different (Tukey's HSD test, α = 0.05) (Experiment 2).

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Fig. 1 in Management of flower thrips in Florida strawberries with Steinernema feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and the insecticide sulfoxaflor

Fig. 1. Least square means (± 95% confidence intervals) for (A) adult and (B) larval thrips (Frankliniella bispinosa) per 10 strawberry flowers from research plots near Balm, Florida, sprayed 26 Feb, and 1, 5, and 9 Mar 2016 with Steinernema feltiae or insecticides. Means in each panel with the same letter are not significantly different (Tukey's HSD test, α = 0.05) (Experiment 1).

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Fig. 3 in Management of flower thrips in Florida strawberries with Steinernema feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and the insecticide sulfoxaflor

Fig. 3. Hourly temperature (lef y-axis), rainfall, and relative humidity (right y-axis) 26 Feb to 25 Mar 2016 at Balm, Florida.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2018View details →

Fig. 2 in A new methodology to evaluate entomopathogenic fungi and formulated insecticides to control adults of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Fig. 2. The mortality proportion of Aedes aegypti females caused by isolates of Beauveria spp. at 20 d afer application. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals back-transformed from the logistic scale. An asterisk (*) indicates that the treatment was significantly different from the control.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2018View details →

Fig. 1 in A new methodology to evaluate entomopathogenic fungi and formulated insecticides to control adults of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Fig. 1. Adults of Aedes aegypti L. contained inside a Petri dish covered with tulle: (a) Petri dish; (b) tulle; (c) straw; (d) natural rubber band.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2018View details →

Fig. 1 in Evaluation of reduced-risk insecticides to control chilli thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and conserve natural enemies on ornamental plants

Fig. 1. Mean percentage (± SEM) of Rhaphiolepsis indica foliage with Scirtothrips dorsalis feeding damage 42 days afer insecticide treatment. Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments using Tukey-Kramer HSD means comparison (P <0.05). Cyantraniliprole low (59.1 mL per 378.5 L) and cyantraniliprole high (236.6 mL per378.5 L).

Fig. 1 in Comparison of attractants, insecticides, and mass trapping for managing Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberries

Fig. 1. The laboratory assay conducted in a wind chamber testing the effectiveness of baits to attract Drosophila suzukii.

Fig. 3 in Comparison of attractants, insecticides, and mass trapping for managing Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberries

Fig. 3. Mean (± SE) number of adult Drosophila suzukii captured in baited traps suspended in a wind chamber. Treatments with the same letter are not significantly different (P> 0.05).

Fig. 6 in Comparison of attractants, insecticides, and mass trapping for managing Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberries

Fig. 6. Mean (± SE) number of female Drosophila suzukii captured in yeast + sugar traps placed in a blueberry field in Hawthorne, Florida, USA, blocked into 4 separate treatments: border spray, mass trapping, alternative row spray, and an untreated control. Populations were monitored weekly during a 6-wk period; asterisks indicate those treatments that were significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) during a sample period.

Fig. 8 in Comparison of attractants, insecticides, and mass trapping for managing Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberries

Fig. 8. Mean (± SE) number of Drosophila suzukii reared from blueberries collected from a field in Hawthorne, Florida, USA, blocked into 4 separate treatments: border spray, mass trapping, alternative row spray, and an untreated control. Fruit was collected weekly for 6 wk. Treatments were not significantly different (P> 0.05).

Fig. 5 in Comparison of attractants, insecticides, and mass trapping for managing Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberries

Fig. 5. Mean (± SE) number of adult Drosophila suzukii captured in yeast + sugar traps placed in a blueberry field in Hawthorne, Florida, USA, blocked into 4 separate treatments: border spray, mass trapping, alternative row spray, and an untreated control. Populations monitored weekly during a 6-wk period; asterisks indicate those treatments that were significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) during a sample period.

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Fig. 3 in Toxicicity and histological changes caused by insecticides in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs

Fig. 3. Spodoptera frugiperda eggs treated with methomyl novaluron at 72, 96, 120, and 144 h. (A, B) Embryo showing differentiated regions at 72 and 96 h (circle). (C) Embryo at 120 h showing cuticle (ct), midgut (td), and muscle (m) formation. (D) Embryo at 144 h showing muscle (m) and cuticle (ct) formation.

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Fig. 2 in Toxicicity and histological changes caused by insecticides in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs

Fig. 2. Spodoptera frugiperda eggs from the control group at 72 and 96 h (A, B). Eggs treated with α-cypermethrin at 72 and 96 h (C, D). (A) Eggs from the control group at 72 h showing vitellum (v), cuticle (arrow), chorion (circle), and muscle (m) formation. (B) Eggs at 96 h showing embryo with developed striated muscle (m) cuticle (arrow), complete digestive (td) and central nervous systems (supraesophageal ganglion) (sn). (C) Differentiated embryo (circle) at 72 h. (D) Differentiated embryo at 96 h occupying the internal space of the egg, showing normal midgut (td) cells, cuticle (arrow) and advanced stage of muscle development (m).

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Fig. 1 in Toxicicity and histological changes caused by insecticides in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs

Fig. 1. Emergence (%) of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae from 72, 96, 120, and 144 h-old eggs afer insecticide exposure. Different letters within a column indicate significant differences by the Skott-Knott test (P <0.05).

Fig. 2 in Susceptibility of first instar Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Chrysoperla rufilabris (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) to the insecticide sulfoxaflor

Fig. 2. Proportion of mortality (A) and developmental time (B) of Hippodamia convergens life stages afer exposure of first instars to dried insecticide residues. Afer exposure, individuals were reared to adults (L1, L2, L3, and L4 represent first, second, third, and fourth instars, respectively, and total represents first instar to adult). Within life stages, treatment means with the same letter are not significantly different (Tukey HSD, P> 0.05). FR = field rate of insecticide. Asterisks (*) indicate zeros.

Fig. 1 in Evaluation of seedling tray drench of insecticides for cabbage maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) management in broccoli and cauliflower

Fig. 1. (A) Insecticides were delivered using a syringe and (B) inoculation of Delia radicum larvae into the base of transplant seedling in the greenhouse.

Fig. 3 in Evaluation of seedling tray drench of insecticides for cabbage maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) management in broccoli and cauliflower

Fig. 3. Least squares means (± SE) of (A) severity of Delia radicum feeding injury, (B) Delia radicum larvae, and (C) fresh weight of 10 cauliflower plants in the field trial 3 conducted in 2015. Means with different letters are significantly different between treatments for each parameter according to Tukey's HSD test at P <0.05.

Fig. 2 in Evaluation of seedling tray drench of insecticides for cabbage maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) management in broccoli and cauliflower

Fig. 2. Least squares means (± SE) of severity of Delia radicum feeding injury to 5 insecticides and an untreated control in (A) broccoli and (B) cauliflower in the greenhouse. Means with different letters are significantly different between treatments for each commodity according to Tukey's HSD test at P <0.05.

Fig. 4 in Evaluation of seedling tray drench of insecticides for cabbage maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) management in broccoli and cauliflower

Fig. 4. Mean (± SE) of (A) Delia radicum larvae and (B) severity of Delia radicum feeding injury of 20 cauliflower plants in the field trial 4 conducted in 2016. Means with different letters are significantly different between treatments for each parameter according to Tukey's HSD test at P <0.05. Where no differences were observed, no letters are given.