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130 results for “liana”
Data from: Environmental heterogeneity influences liana community differentiation across a Neotropical rainforest landscape
<p>We examined the variation in the liana community composition and structure across geopedological land units to test the hypothesis that environmental heterogeneity is a driving force in the liana community assembly. At the Los Tuxtlas Tropical Biology Station, SE Mexico (640 ha of tropical rain forest), we sampled all lianas with basal diameter ≥ 1 cm in three 0.5-ha plots established in each of five land units (totaling 15 plots and 7.5 ha). We censused 6055 individuals and 110 species. Overall, the most speciose families were also the most abundant ones. The density and basal area (m<sup>2</sup>) of some dominant liana species differed among land units, and a permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) and a non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination (NMDS) revealed differences in the presence, density, and basal area of liana species across the landscape. Liana composition and structure were highly heterogeneous among land units, suggesting that variations in soil water availability and relief are key drivers of liana community spatial differentiation. By showing that soil and topography play an important role at the landscape scale, we underscore the ecological relevance of environmental heterogeneity for liana community assembly. In the future, as our ability to assess the local environmental complexity increases, we will gain a better understanding of the liana community assembly process and its heterogeneous distribution in tropical forests.</p>
Spatial autocorrelation shapes liana distribution better than topography and host tree properties in a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest in SW China
<p>Lianas are an important component of subtropical forests, but the mechanisms underlying their spatial distribution patterns have received relatively little attention. Here, we selected 12 most abundant liana species, constituting up to 96.9% of the total liana stems, in a 20-ha plot in a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest at 2,472 – 2,628 m elevation in SW China. Combining data on topography (convexity, slope, aspect, and elevation) and host trees (density and size) of the plot, we addressed how liana distribution is shaped by host tree properties, topography and spatial autocorrelation by using principal coordinates of neighbor matrices (PCNM) analysis. We found that lianas had an aggregated distribution based on the Ripley's <i>K</i> function. At the community level, PCNM analysis showed that spatial autocorrelation explained 43% variance in liana spatial distribution. Host trees and topography explained 4% and 18% of the variance, but less than 1% variance after taking spatial autocorrelation into consideration. A similar trend was found at the species level. These results indicate that spatial autocorrelation might be the most important factor shaping liana spatial distribution in subtropical forest at high elevation.</p>
Data from: Size, species, and fire behavior predict tree and liana mortality from experimental burns in the Brazilian Amazon
<p>Anthropogenic understory fires have affected large areas of tropical forest in recent decades, particularly during severe droughts. Yet, the mechanisms that control fire-induced mortality of tropical trees and lianas remain ambiguous due to the challenges associated with documenting mortality given variation in fire behavior and forest heterogeneity. In a seasonally dry Amazon forest, we conducted a burn experiment to quantify how increasing understory fires alter patterns of stem mortality. From 2004 to 2007, tree and liana mortality was measured in adjacent 50-ha plots that were intact (B0 – control), burned once (B1), and burned annually for 3 years (B3). After 3 years, cumulative tree and liana mortality (≥1 cm dbh) in the B1 (5.8% yr<sup>−1</sup>) and B3 (7.0% yr<sup>−1</sup>) plots significantly exceeded mortality in the control (3.2% yr<sup>−1</sup>). However, these fire-induced mortality rates are substantially lower than those reported from more humid Amazonian forests. Small stems were highly vulnerable to fire-induced death, contrasting with drought-induced mortality (measured in other studies) that increases with tree size. For example, one low-intensity burn killed >50% of stems <10 cm within a year. Independent of stem size, species-specific mortality rates varied substantially from 0% to 17% yr<sup>−1</sup> in the control, 0% to 26% yr<sup>−1</sup> in B1, and 1% to 23% yr<sup>−1</sup> in B3, with several species displaying high variation in their vulnerability to fire-induced mortality. <em>Protium guianense</em> (Burseraceae) exhibited the highest fire-induced mortality rates in B1 and B3, which were 10- and 9-fold greater than the baseline rate. In contrast, <em>Aspidosperma excelsum</em> (Apocynaceae), appeared relatively unaffected by fire (0.3% to 1.0% mortality yr<sup>−1</sup> across plots), which may be explained by fenestration that protects the inner concave trunk portions from fire. For stems ≥10 cm, both char height (approximating fire intensity) and number of successive burns were significant predictors of fire-induced mortality, whereas only the number of consecutive annual burns was a strong predictor for stems <10 cm. Three years after the initial burn, 62 ± 26 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup> (s.e.) of live biomass, predominantly stems <30 cm, was transferred to the dead biomass pool, compared with 8 ± 3 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup> in the control. This biomass loss from fire represents ∼30% of this forest's aboveground live biomass (192 (±3) Mg ha<sup>−1</sup>; >1 cm DBH). Although forest transition to savanna has been predicted based on future climate scenarios, our results indicate that wildfires from agricultural expansion pose a more immediate threat to the current carbon stocks in Amazonian forests.</p>
LIANA
<p>Data Used in LIANA's vignettes.</p> <p>Datasets include:</p> <p>- Processed SingleCellExperiment object with ~14000 PBMCs from 8 donors, each before and after IFN-beta stimulation. Originally published at https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29227470/ (GSE96583); obtained from: https://scelvis.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial_analysis.html. Also, ligand-receptor inference results per sample.</p>
FIGURE 2 in Combretum xylocarpum (Combretaceae), a new liana species from China
FIGURE 2. Pollen morphology of Combretum xylocarpum under SEM. A: Equatorial view, showing the endoaperture protrusions; B: Polar view, showing the heterocolpate grains; C: Colporate aperture with endoaperture protrusions; D: Perforate and psilate exine. Arrowheads indicate subsidiary colpi.
FIGURE 1. Combretum xylocarpum Dan Liang & R.J in Combretum xylocarpum (Combretaceae), a new liana species from China
FIGURE 1. Combretum xylocarpum Dan Liang & R.J. Wang, sp. nov. A: Habit; B: Adaxial (left) and abaxial (right) side of leaf lamina; C: Dome-shaped sessile glands at adaxial side of leaf; D: Orificed pits at abaxial side of leaf; E: Adaxial side of the midrib, showing the pubescence and scales; F: Spike and flower arrangement (by Lang-Xing Yuan); G: Longitudinally dissected flower, showing the stamens, adnation of style, and a ring of hairs at throat; H: Dissected proximal hypanthium, showing the four pendulous ovules; I: Infructescence, with young fruits; J: Transversely dissected young fruit, showing the 4 rounded ridges; K: Mature fruit (leaf) and seeds (right, by Lei Zhao).
FIGURE 15. Gasteruption lianae. a in A revision of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) in the Neotropical Region 3030
FIGURE 15. Gasteruption lianae. a: head in dorsal view; b: head in lateral view; c: mesonotum in dorsal view; d: mesosoma in lateral view; e. habitus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.
Data linked to the "Liana optical traits increase tropical forest albedo and reduce ecosystem productivity" paper
<p>Data necessary to reproduce the findings of the aforementionned paper</p>
Vessel dimorphism and wood traits in lianas and trees among three contrasting environments
<p>There are data and R-codes for "Vessel dimorphism and wood traits in lianas and trees among three contrasting environments" which will be published.</p>
Legacy effects of canopy gaps on liana abundance 25 years later in a seasonal tropical evergreen forest in northeastern Thailand
<p><span>Liana</span><span>s </span><span>require host trees to reach and stay in the forest canopy, but as seedlings and juveniles, they benefit from canopy gaps created by treefalls</span><span>.</span><span> Here, we evaluated the relative importance of these two aspects, i.e., the availability of potential</span><span> hosts</span><span> vs. the legacy effect of past treefall gaps, on the local abundance of liana stems in a seasonal tropical evergreen forest in the Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve in northeastern Thailand. Within a 2.5-ha plot for forest dynamics monitoring, canopy height was measured in 1993 and 2018 at 5-m intervals to distinguish areas of mature (canopy height </span><span>≥</span><span> 20 m), building (10-20 m), and gap phases (< 10 m). In 2017–2018, we surveyed all liana stems </span><span>≥</span><span> 1 cm in diameter at breast height within 50 subplots (10 m × 10 m each) and recorded their diameter and the diameter of the host tree. Of a total of 445 liana individuals, 242 could be identified at least to the family level, while the others had clear morphological traits of climbing mechanisms. The number of liana stems was higher in areas that had been at the building/gap phase than those at the mature phase in 1993. When this 25-year-old legacy of past gap locations was considered, there was a positive association of local abundance between lianas and trees in areas at the mature phase in 2018. In conclusion, liana abundance reflected a long-term legacy of past treefall gaps more than 25 years earlier in this seasonal evergreen forest.</span></p>
Data from: Does soil moisture availability explain liana seedling distribution across a tropical rainfall gradient?
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Data from: Contribution of lianas to community-level canopy transpiration in a warm-temperate forest
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Data from: Evidence for arrested succession in a liana‐infested Amazonian forest
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Data from: A view from above: A view from above: unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provide a new tool for assessing liana infestation in tropical forest canopies
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Data from: Positive effects of liana cutting on seedlings are reduced during El Niño-induced drought
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Topography and logging structure liana community assemblages in an upland evergreen forest, Ghana
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Data from: Can terrestrial laser scanners (TLSs) and hemispherical photographs predict tropical dry forest succession with liana abundance?
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Data from: Phylogeny of Paullinia L. (Paullinieae: Sapindaceae), a diverse genus of lianas with dynamic fruit evolution
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Data from: Selective logging in tropical forests decreases the robustness of liana-tree interaction networks to the loss of host tree species
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Data from: Lianas reduce carbon accumulation and storage in tropical forests
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