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539 results for “loss of function.”
Impact of Size of Gastric Sleeve on the Weight Loss. Correlation With Gastric Function and Endocrine-metabolic Changes.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02144545. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 23.
Brain Function Predictors And Outcome Of Weight Loss And Weight Loss Maintenance
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02031848. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Comparing Effects of Liraglutide and Bariatric Surgery on Weight Loss, Liver Function, Body Composition, Insulin Resistance, Endothelial Function and Biomarkers of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02654665. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Functional diversity is a passenger but not driver of drought-related plant diversity losses in annual grasslands
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Data from: Assessing vulnerability of functional diversity to species loss: a case study in Mediterranean agricultural systems
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Implications of overfishing of frugivorous fishes for cryptic function loss in a Neotropical floodplain
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Data from: Interactive effects of climate change and biodiversity loss on ecosystem functioning
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Data from: Privatisation rescues essential function following loss of cooperation
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Data from: Species loss drives ecosystem function in experiments, but in nature the importance of species loss depends on dominance
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Data from: Natural habitat loss and exotic plants reduce the functional diversity of flower visitors in a heterogeneous subtropical landscape
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Data from: Functional diversity loss with increasing livestock grazing intensity in drylands: the mechanisms and their consequences depend on the taxa
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Tropical forest loss drives divergent patterns in functional diversity of forest and non-forest birds
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Data from: The loss of functional diversity: a detrimental influence of landscape-scale deforestation on tree reproductive traits
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Data from: Direct and indirect effects of invasive species: biodiversity loss is a major mechanism by which an invasive tree affects ecosystem functioning
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Data from: Loss of functional connectivity in migration networks induces population decline in migratory birds
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Data from: Male-mediated prenatal loss: functions and mechanisms
Sexually selected infanticide has been the subject of intense empirical and theoretical study for decades; a related phenomenon, male-mediated prenatal loss, has received much less attention in evolutionary studies. Male-mediated prenatal loss occurs when inseminated or pregnant females terminate reproductive effort following exposure to a non-sire male, either through implantation failure or pregnancy termination. Male-mediated prenatal loss encompasses two sub-phenomena: sexually selected feticide and the Bruce effect. In this review, we lay out a framework that explains the relationship between feticide and the Bruce effect and describes what is currently known about the proximate and ultimate mechanisms involved in each. Using a simple model, we demonstrate that male-mediated prenatal loss can provide greater reproductive benefits to males than infanticide. We therefore suggest that, compared to infanticide, male-mediated prenatal loss may be more prevalent in mammalian species and may have played a greater role in their social evolution than has previously been documented.
Data from: From ornament to armament or loss of function? Breeding plumage acquisition in a genetically monogamous bird
1. The evolution of conspicuous male traits is thought to be driven by female mate choice or male-male competition. These two mechanisms are often viewed as distinct processes, with most studies focusing on female choice. 2. However, both mechanisms of sexual selection can act simultaneously on the same trait (i.e. dual function) and/or interact in a synergistic or conflicting way. Dual function-traits are commonly assumed to originate through male-male competition before being used in female choice; yet, most studies focusing on such traits could not determine the direction of change, lacking phylogenetic information. 3. We investigated the role of conspicuous male seasonal plumage in male-male competitive interactions in the purple-crowned fairy-wren Malurus coronatus, a cooperatively breeding bird. Male breeding plumage in most Malurus species is selected by female choice through extra-pair mate choice, but unlike its congeners, M. coronatus is genetically monogamous, and females do not seem to choose males based on breeding plumage acquisition. 4. Our study shows that, within groups, subordinate males that were older, and therefore higher-ranked in the queue for breeder position inheritance, produced a more complete breeding plumage. In line with this, subordinate males that were older and/or displayed a more complete breeding plumage were more successful in competitively acquiring a breeder position. 5. A role as a signal of competitive ability was experimentally confirmed by presenting models of males: in breeding colours, these received more aggression from resident breeder males than in non-breeding colours, but elicited limited response from females, consistent with competitors in breeding plumage being perceived as a bigger threat to the breeder male. 6. The role of the conspicuous breeding plumage in mediating male-male interactions might account for its presence in this genetically monogamous species. Since phylogenetic reconstructions suggest a past female choice function in M. coronatus, this could represent a sexual trait that shifted functions, or a dual function-trait that lost one function. These evolutionary scenarios imply that intra- and inter-sexual functions of ornaments may be gained or lost independently, and offer new perspectives in understanding the complex dynamics of sexual selection.
Data from: Quantifying cryptic function loss during community disassembly
1. Emerging theory suggests that the ecosystem-level consequences of anthropogenic pressures depend on how species will be disassembled from ecological communities (i.e., the disassembly rule). Species loss, however, is not the sole ecological cause of ecosystem function loss: behaviors underpinning ecosystem function can also be disrupted by anthropogenic pressures without detectable declines of component species ("cryptic function loss"). 2. Here, we introduce a novel framework that integrates behavioral responses into community disassembly metrics. We applied this framework to freshwater mussel communities (order Unionida) of the midwestern United States, in which intensive agricultural land use threatens stream biota. We combined a field experiment, meta-analysis, and watershed-scale population dataset to assess how excessive sediment concentrations, one of the leading drivers of freshwater biodiversity loss, influence community-level water clearance rates of freshwater mussels via behavioral (changes in mass-specific clearance rate) and population (changes in population density) responses. 3. Our study provided three key insights. First, freshwater mussels exhibited high behavioral sensitivity to increased total suspended solids (TSS) across species (i.e., reduced water clearance rate), whereas population responses were highly species-specific. Second, the behavioral response to increased TSS causes substantial cryptic function loss under stressful conditions: simulated water clearance rates when behavioral response is included can be less than half that of mussel communities with no behavioral response. Finally, simulations revealed that mussel communities are likely to show rapid but consistent rates of ecosystem function loss irrespective of disassembly rules. The similar rates of function loss are due to the uniform behavioral response to TSS that masks the linkage between population sensitivity of a species and its contribution to ecosystem function. 4. Our findings suggest that ignoring behavioral processes may cause non-negligible underestimation of ecosystem function loss during community disassembly, potentially leading to overly optimistic assessments of ecosystem resilience.23-Aug-2019
Data from: Loss of murine Paneth cell function alters the immature intestinal microbiome and mimics changes seen in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains the leading cause of gastrointestinal morbidity and mortality in premature infants. Human and animal studies suggest a role for Paneth cells in NEC pathogenesis. Paneth cells play critical roles in host-microbial interactions and epithelial homeostasis. The ramifications of eliminating Paneth cell function on the immature host-microbial axis remains incomplete. Paneth cell function was depleted in the immature murine intestine using chemical and genetic models, which resulted in intestinal injury consistent with NEC. Paneth cell depletion was confirmed using histology, electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and real time RT-PCR. Cecal samples were analyzed at various time points to determine the effects of Paneth cell depletion with and without Klebsiella gavage on the microbiome. Deficient Paneth cell function induced significant compositional changes in the cecal microbiome with a significant increase in Enterobacteriacae species. Further, the bloom of Enterobacteriaceae species that occurs is phenotypically similar to what is seen in human NEC. This further strengthens our understanding of the importance of Paneth cells to intestinal homeostasis in the immature intestine.
Script and data for "rec-1 loss of function increases recombination in the central gene clusters at the expense of autosomal pairing centers"
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.