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Fig. 4 in Color pattern variation in Cichla temensis (Perciformes: Cichlidae): Resolution based on morphological, molecular, and reproductive data

Fig. 4. Maximum-likelihood phylogeny of 50 sequences sampled from the paca and açu variants of Cichla temensis (Genbank accession numbers HQ230011 - HQ230016) The phylogeny was rooted a posteriori with Cichla species of the clade A (sensu Willis et al. 2010) (GU295691- GU295704). The scale represents an HKY85 genetic distance.

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Fig. 3. a in Color pattern variation in Cichla temensis (Perciformes: Cichlidae): Resolution based on morphological, molecular, and reproductive data

Fig. 3. a) Mean (± SEM) lateral line scale counts for C. temensis, C. monoculus, and C. orinocensis. ANOVA showed no significant differences among the C. temensis variants but revealed significant differences interspecifically. Post hoc t tests (horizontal starred bar) revealed that all species were significantly different, p <0.0001*. b) Mean (± SEM) body depth to Standard Length ratio (adjusted for gonad size differential) for C. temensis, C. monoculus, and C. orinocensis. ANOVA showed no significant differences among the C. temensis variants but revealed significant differences interspecifically. Post hoc t tests (horizontal starred bar) revealed that all C. temensis were significantly different from both sympatric species, p <0.0001*.

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Fig. 2 in Color pattern variation in Cichla temensis (Perciformes: Cichlidae): Resolution based on morphological, molecular, and reproductive data

Fig. 2. Collecting regions in two cyclically flooding drainages in the rio Amazon basin. Region 1, the Igapó-Açu region, a blackwater tributary complex of the rio Madeira, provided specimens of C. temensis and C. monoculus. Region 2, the rio Caures, a blackwater tributary of the rio Negro, provided specimens of C. temensis and C. orinocensis.

Fig. 4 in New record of endoparasitic Pseudempleurosoma haywardi (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) in sillaginid fishes from Thailand, with updates on host range, zoogeography, and morphological variation

Fig. 4. Schematic drawings of different shapes of MCO of the current Pseudempleurosoma haywardi specimens. Scale bar = 10 µm.

Fig. 1 in New record of endoparasitic Pseudempleurosoma haywardi (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) in sillaginid fishes from Thailand, with updates on host range, zoogeography, and morphological variation

Fig. 1. Schematic measurement characteristics of the organs of Pseudempleurosoma haywardi. A, MCO with Accessory piece; B, egg; C, muscular genital atrium; D, ovary; E, testis; F, dorsal anchors; G, dorsal bar; H, ventral anchor with attached ventral bar; I, detached ventral bar; J, marginal hook. Abbreviations used: APL: accessory piece length, AVBL: attached ventral bar length, DAL: dorsal anchor length, DBL: dorsal bar length, DBW: dorsal bar width, DVBL: detached ventral bar length, EL: egg length, EW: egg width, MAL: muscular genital atrium length, MAW: muscular genital atrium width, MCO: male copulatory organ, MCOL: male copulatory organ length, MHL: marginal hook length, OL: ovary length, OW: ovary width, TL: testis length, TW: testis width, VAL: ventral anchor length.

Fig. 3 in New record of endoparasitic Pseudempleurosoma haywardi (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) in sillaginid fishes from Thailand, with updates on host range, zoogeography, and morphological variation

Fig. 3. Schematic drawings of Pseudempleurosoma haywardi. A, whole body; B, MCO; C, ventral anchor with attached ventral bar; D, marginal hooks; E, dorsal anchor; F, egg; G, detached ventral bar; H, dorsal bar. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B–H = 10 µm.

Fig. 2 in New record of endoparasitic Pseudempleurosoma haywardi (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) in sillaginid fishes from Thailand, with updates on host range, zoogeography, and morphological variation

Fig. 2. General morphology of Pseudempleurosoma haywardi under phase-contrast microscope (A, B) and light microscope (C–G). A, whole body; B, opisthaptor part; C, opisthaptor with anchors, bar and marginal hooks; D, egg with MCO; E, egg; F, funnel-shaped of MCO with accessory pieces; G, cup-shaped MCO with accessory pieces. Abbreviations used: ASP: accessory piece, AVB: attached ventral bar, DA: dorsal anchor, DB: dorsal bar, DVB: detached ventral bar, E: egg, ES: eye spot, HG: head glands, MCO: male copulatory organ, MH: marginal hook, OP: opisthaptor, P: pharynx, VA: ventral anchor, VF: vitelline follicles. Scale bars: A = 100 µm; B–G = 20 µm.

Fig. 6 in New record of endoparasitic Pseudempleurosoma haywardi (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) in sillaginid fishes from Thailand, with updates on host range, zoogeography, and morphological variation

Fig. 6. Phylogenetic tree of partial 28S rRNA of monogeneans based on Maximum Likelihood methods. Two major Clades A and B are distinguished. External branches with and without round tips represent members of Dactylogyridae and Ancyrocephalidae, respectively (when classified following the NCBI database), except for the outgroup. Bootstrap support values are indicated at each node. Monogenean sequence data from this study are shown in bold. Scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.

Fig. 5 in New record of endoparasitic Pseudempleurosoma haywardi (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) in sillaginid fishes from Thailand, with updates on host range, zoogeography, and morphological variation

Fig. 5. General morphology of the infected sillaginid fishes, (A) Sillago aeolus and (B) Sillago sihama. Scale bars = 1 cm.

Fig. 5 in First Specimen-based Record of Ammolabrus dicrus (Perciformes: Labridae) from Japanese Waters, with Notes on Morphological Ontogenetic Changes and Geographic Variation

Fig. 5. Semi-schematic illustration of head of Ammolabrus dicrus, showing positions of cephalic sensory canals (KAUM–I. 99313, 21.4 mm SL). Scale bar 1 mm.

Fig. 4 in First Specimen-based Record of Ammolabrus dicrus (Perciformes: Labridae) from Japanese Waters, with Notes on Morphological Ontogenetic Changes and Geographic Variation

Fig. 4. Relationships of (A) number of gill rakers, (B) body depth, (C) caudal-peduncle length, and (D) orbit diameter to SL in Japanese (stars) and Hawaiian (circles) specimens of Ammolabrus dicrus. Open circle indicates holotype.

Fig. 2 in First Specimen-based Record of Ammolabrus dicrus (Perciformes: Labridae) from Japanese Waters, with Notes on Morphological Ontogenetic Changes and Geographic Variation

Fig. 2. Ammolabrus dicrus from Taketomi Island, Yaeyama Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. A, specimen photograph (KAUM–I. 99314, 18.4 mm SL); B, underwater photograph of same individual as in A, 12 m; photo by T. Uchida.

Fig. 1 in First Specimen-based Record of Ammolabrus dicrus (Perciformes: Labridae) from Japanese Waters, with Notes on Morphological Ontogenetic Changes and Geographic Variation

Fig. 1. Underwater photograph of a small school of Ammolabrus dicrus at a depth of 12 m off Taketomi Island, Yaeyama Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Japan; photo by K. Sodo.

Fig. 9 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 9. Morphometric parameters of free-living females of S. papillosus: а — body length; b — body width; c — length of esophagus; d — length of intestine; e — length of tail; f — distance to vulva; g — number of eggs; on the ordinate axis — length in µm, on the abscissa axis — species of host (Ch — Capra hircus, Oc — Oryctolagus cuniculus, Cp — Cavia porcellus).

Fig. 8 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 8. Morphometric parameters of S. papillosus males: a — body length; b – body width; c — length of esophagus; d — length of intestine; e — length of the tail; f — length of spicules; on the ordinate axis — length in µm, on the abscissa axis — species of host (Ch — Capra hircus, Oc — Oryctolagus cuniculus, Cp — Cavia porcellus).

Fig. 7 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 7. Free-living female of S. papillosus: a — general view; b — anterior part (the arrowheads indicate the bulbs); c — uterus with eggs (the pointer indicates the genital opening); scale bars 100 µm.

Fig. 5 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 5. Morphometric parameters of L3: а — body length; b — body width; c — length of esophagus; d — length of intestine; e — length of the tail end; on the ordinate axis — length in µm, on the abscissa axis — species of host (Ch — Capra hircus, Oc — Oryctolagus cuniculus, Cp — Cavia porcellus).

Fig. 6 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 6. Mature male of S. papillosus: a — general view; b — anterior part (arrowheads indicate bulbs); c — caudal part with spicules in lateral view; d — caudal part with spicules in dorsal view; scale bars 100 µm.

Fig. 3 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 3. Morphometric parameters of L2 of S. papillosus: а — body length; b — body width; c — length of esophagus; d — length of intestine; e — length of the tail; on the ordinate axis — length in µm, on the abscissa axis – species of host (Ch — Capra hircus, Oc — Oryctolagus cuniculus, Cp — Cavia porcellus).

Fig. 2 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 2. Morphometric parameters of L1 of S. papillosus: а — body length; b — body width; c — length of esophagus; d — length of intestine; e — length of tail; on the ordinate axis — length in µm, on the abscissa axis — species of host (Ch — Capra hircus, Oc — Oryctolagus cuniculus, Cp — Cavia porcellus).