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133 results for “natural environment”
Data from: Host species and environmental effects on bacterial communities associated with Drosophila in the laboratory and in the natural environment
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Data from: Effects of conditionally expressed phenotypes and environment on amphibian dispersal in nature
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Mistletoe-bearing trees positively influence bird foraging patterns across urban and natural environments
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Data from: Short-term microbial effects of a large-scale mine-tailing storage facility collapse on the local natural environment
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Data from: Divergence in DNA photorepair efficiency among genotypes from contrasting UV radiation environments in nature
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Data from: Natural selection in novel environments: predation selects for background matching in the body colour of a land fish
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Data from: Correlation of shell phenotype and local environment suggests a role for natural selection in the evolution of Placostylus snails
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Data from: The third dimension: a novel set-up for filming coelacanths in their natural environment
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Work that body: fin and body movements determine herbivore feeding performance within the natural reef environment
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Changing environments and genetic variation: natural variation in inbreeding does not compromise short-term physiological responses
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Natural variation further increases resilience of sorghum bred for chronically drought-prone environments
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Data from: Artificial agri-environment scheme ponds do not replicate natural environments despite higher aquatic and terrestrial invertebrate richness and abundance
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">1. Farmland ponds are a highly threatened freshwater habitat which has undergone dramatic losses during the last 200 years due to land drainage schemes and agricultural intensification. Agri-environment schemes (AES) incentivise farmers to adopt farming methods to benefit biodiversity, yet there are a paucity of data evaluating the success of artificially created AES ponds as analogues of natural ponds in an attempt to recreate lost environments.</p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing">2. We examined variation in environmental parameters and aquatic and terrestrial invertebrate communities between 38 natural ponds and 91 artificial ponds that were created in south-west Ireland (<i>n</i>=129).</p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing">3. Artificial ponds in agricultural grassland did not replicate natural ponds in adjacent semi-natural habitats differing significantly in size, pH, conductivity, productivity (indicated by submerged and emergent plant cover including algae) and surrounding vegetation structure i.e. sward height. These differences significantly influenced aquatic and terrestrial invertebrate community structure with a suite of indicator taxa in both natural and artificial ponds.</p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing">4. The conservation value of artificial ponds in agricultural grasslands should not be underestimated as they had 43% higher aquatic species richness and 33% higher aquatic species abundance than natural ponds in adjacent semi-natural habitats.</p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>5. Synthesis and applications</i>. We demonstrate that artificial agri-environment scheme ponds created in agricultural grasslands, whilst not direct analogues of natural ponds in adjacent semi-natural habitats, do fulfil a role in preserving high local biodiversity albeit representing a different community of species. Creation of ponds in farmland as well as in adjacent natural habitats could provide a wider range of environmental conditions and richer associated macroinvertebrate communities, increasing landscape connectivity and further enhancing regional biodiversity.</p>
Data from: Using an insect mushroom body circuit to encode route memory in complex natural environments
Ants, like many other animals, use visual memory to follow extended routes through complex environments, but it is unknown how their small brains implement this capability. The mushroom body neuropils have been identified as a crucial memory circuit in the insect brain, but their function has mostly been explored for simple olfactory association tasks. We show that a spiking neural model of this circuit originally developed to describe fruitfly (Drosophila melanogaster) olfactory association, can also account for the ability of desert ants (Cataglyphis velox) to rapidly learn visual routes through complex natural environments. We further demonstrate that abstracting the key computational principles of this circuit, which include one-shot learning of sparse codes, enables the theoretical storage capacity of the ant mushroom body to be estimated at hundreds of independent images.
Fig. 3 in The hydroperoxyl radical scavenging activity of natural hydroxybenzoic acids in oil and aqueous environments: Insights into the mechanism and kinetics
Fig. 3. The selected mechanisms of the HOO• + HBA reactions in water.
Fig. 1 in The hydroperoxyl radical scavenging activity of natural hydroxybenzoic acids in oil and aqueous environments: Insights into the mechanism and kinetics
Fig. 1. Structures of hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (HBA).
Composite Gini Coefficient for Nature-based Solutions (Hydrology, Environment, Society)
<p>Composite Gini Coefficient for Nature-based Solutions (Hydrology, Environment, Society)</p>
Characterization of Natural Production Environment of Ogaden Cattle Breed in Wabeshebele zone of Somali Regional State in Ethiopia
<p>The objective of the study was to characterize natural production environment of Ogaden cattle breed. Questionnaire used for the study was designed using the general information developed by FAO (2012). 3 districts and 6 kebeles were purposely and 126 cattle keepers were randomly selected for data collection. The studied variables were farming, cattle breeding practice, purpose of keeping, selection criteria, feeding, health care and veterinary service, income and non-income function, and cattle production constraints. SAS version 9.2, 2008 software was used for data analysis. 30.16% were pastoral while 69.84% were agro-pastoral. Significant difference seen between districts in crop land holding, but no significant difference between districts in forage land holding. Cattle keepers prefer to keep local Ogaden cattle breed and were practicing pure breeding. Majority of them do not produce adequate pasture. They treat diseased animals by traditional method (57.94%). Male cattle were kept for socio-cultural purpose whilst female cattle were kept for milk production. None of the agro-pastoral respondents have recalled that they use draught power and manure of cattle. Cow milk in the study area has taken the first line consumed by the livestock owners and generating daily income for their family need among other livestock products making cattle the most important livestock species. Prolonged feed shortage was the first cattle production constraint. The cattle keeping society in the studied area appeared to have distinct culture and tradition of keeping and utilization cattle.</p>
Data from: Is saltmarsh restoration success constrained by matching natural environments or altered succession? a test using niche models
1.Restored habitats, such as saltmarsh created through managed realignment, sometimes fail to meet targets for biological equivalence with natural reference sites. Understanding why this happens is important in order to improve restoration outcomes. 2.Elevation in the tidal frame and sediment redox potential are major controls on the distribution of saltmarsh plants. We use niche models to characterize ten species' responses to these, and test whether differences in species occurrence between restored and natural saltmarshes in the UK result from failure to recreate adequate environmental conditions. 3.Six species occurred less frequently in recently restored marshes than natural marshes. Failure of restored marshes to achieve the elevation and redox conditions of natural marshes partially explained the underrepresentation of five of these species, but did not explain patterns of occurrence on older (> 50 years) restored marshes. 4.For all species, an effect of marsh age remained after controlling for differences in environmental conditions. This could be due to differences in successional mechanism between restored and natural marshes. In recently restored marshes, high-marsh species occurred lower in the tidal frame and low-marsh species occurred at higher elevations than in natural marshes. This supports the hypothesis that competition is initially weaker in restored marshes, because of the availability of bare sediment across the whole tidal frame. Species that establish outside their normal realized niche, such as Atriplex portulacoides, may inhibit subsequent colonization of other species that occurred less frequently than expected on older restored marshes. 5.Synthesis and applications. Niche models can be used to test whether abiotic differences between restored sites and their natural counterparts are responsible for discrepancies in species occurrence. In saltmarshes, simply replicating environmental conditions will not result in equivalent species occurrence.
Data from: Paths to selection on life history loci in different natural environments across the native range of Arabidopsis thaliana
Selection on quantitative trait loci (QTL) may vary among natural environments due to differences in the genetic architecture of traits, environment-specific allelic effects or changes in the direction and magnitude of selection on specific traits. To dissect the environmental differences in selection on life history QTL across climatic regions, we grew a panel of interconnected recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of Arabidopsis thaliana in four field sites across its native European range. For each environment, we mapped QTL for growth, reproductive timing and development. Several QTL were pleiotropic across environments, three colocalizing with known functional polymorphisms in flowering time genes (CRY2, FRI and MAF2-5), but major QTL differed across field sites, showing conditional neutrality. We used structural equation models to trace selection paths from QTL to lifetime fitness in each environment. Only three QTL directly affected fruit number, measuring fitness. Most QTL had an indirect effect on fitness through their effect on bolting time or leaf length. Influence of life history traits on fitness differed dramatically across sites, resulting in different patterns of selection on reproductive timing and underlying QTL. In two oceanic field sites with high prereproductive mortality, QTL alleles contributing to early reproduction resulted in greater fruit production, conferring selective advantage, whereas alleles contributing to later reproduction resulted in larger size and higher fitness in a continental site. This demonstrates how environmental variation leads to change in both QTL effect sizes and direction of selection on traits, justifying the persistence of allelic polymorphism at life history QTL across the species range.
Alcohol Impaired Driving in the Natural Environment
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03503396. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.