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157 results for “ocean exploration”
Supplementary material, Table S2 from Hudson Carvalho Ferreira and Gisele Lôbo-Hajdu (accepted) Preliminary assessment of microplastic pollution in surface waters of the Santos Basin: abundance and diversity in the most important oil and gas exploration hub in Brazil. Ocean and Coastal Research.
<p><span>Supplementary material, Table S2 from Hudson Carvalho Ferreira and Gisele Lôbo-Hajdu (accepted) Preliminary assessment of microplastic pollution in surface waters of the Santos Basin: abundance and diversity in the most important oil and gas exploration hub in Brazil. Ocean and Coastal Research.</span></p> <p><span>Table S2. Size ranges of marine anthropogenic litter.<br>Source: adapted from Gago et al. (2019).<br></span></p>
Supplementary material, Table S3 from Hudson Carvalho Ferreira and Gisele Lôbo-Hajdu (accepted) Preliminary assessment of microplastic pollution in surface waters of the Santos Basin: abundance and diversity in the most important oil and gas exploration hub in Brazil. Ocean and Coastal Research.
<p><span>Supplementary material, Table S3 from Hudson Carvalho Ferreira and Gisele Lôbo-Hajdu (accepted) Preliminary assessment of microplastic pollution in surface waters of the Santos Basin: abundance and diversity in the most important oil and gas exploration hub in Brazil. Ocean and Coastal Research.</span></p> <p><span>Table S3. Most common colors of microplastics.<br>Source: adapted from Gago et al. (2019).<br></span></p> <p> </p>
NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research: Okeanos, Gulf of Mexico
Photos from the Okeanos expedition to the Gulf of Mexico. <p></p>https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/okeanos/
Data from: Exploring the role of Micronesian islands in the maintenance of coral genetic diversity in the Pacific Ocean
Understanding how genetic diversity is maintained across patchy marine environments remains a fundamental problem in marine biology. The Coral Triangle, located in the Indo-West Pacific, is the center of marine biodiversity and has been proposed as an important source of genetic diversity for remote Pacific reefs. Several studies highlight Micronesia, a scattering of hundreds of small islands situated within the North Equatorial Counter Current, as a potentially important migration corridor. To test this hypothesis, we characterized the population genetic structure of two ecologically important congeneric species of reef-building corals across greater Micronesia, from Palau to the Marshall Islands. Genetic divergences between islands followed an isolation-by-distance pattern, with Acropora hyacinthus exhibiting greater genetic divergences than A. digitifera, suggesting different migration capabilities or different effective population sizes for these closely related species. We inferred dispersal distance using a biophysical larval transport model, which helped explain an additional 15-21% of genetic variation compared to between-island geographic distance alone. For both species, genetic divergence accumulates and genetic diversity diminishes with distance from the Coral Triangle, supporting the hypothesis that Micronesian islands act as important stepping-stones connecting the central Pacific with the species rich Coral Triangle. However, for A. hyacinthus, the species with lower genetic connectivity, immigration from the sub-equatorial Pacific begins to play a larger role in shaping diversity than input from the Coral Triangle. This work highlights the enormous dispersal potential of broadcast-spawning corals and identifies the biological and physical drivers that influence coral genetic diversity on a regional scale.
FIGURE 3. Vasopora ceramica n. gen., n in Vasopora ceramica n. gen., n. sp.-a new abyssal cyclostome bryozoan from polymetallic nodules in the Russian exploration area, Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone, eastern Pacific Ocean
FIGURE 3. Vasopora ceramica n. gen., n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50740. A–C, rotational views of capitulum; D, lateral view of capitulum periphery, showing relatively short, radially arranged peristomes connected with trabeculate network defining alveoli and extrazooidal spaces; E, frontal view of half the capitulum, showing distal third of gonozooid connected with marginal peristomes by narrow vertical ridges/trabeculae; F, oblique view of autozooidal peristome and aperture, showing dense spinose granulation of interior surfaces and less evident sparse tubercules on exterior; G, autozooidal peristome surrounded by alveoli and extrazooidal spaces; H, side-view of capitulum margin with peristomes surrounded by alveoli and extrazooidal spaces; note densely spinulate to granular surface of all capitulum structures contrasting with smooth surface of outer rim and column; I, vertical view of autozooidal aperture with dense spinose granulation around internal margin; J, frontal view of zooidal peristome with thin parallel ridges (continuations of spine-like marginal processes) and sparse circular communication pores on coarse tuberculated surface; K, enlargement of J, showing distal third of peristome with partially abraded/broken margin; L, close-up of K, showing irregularly-shaped crystallites flanking peristomial ridge and surrounding communication pores; M, close-up of J, showing basal part of peristome with imbricated foliated fabric of wedge-shaped crystallites; N, basal region of column, showing its smooth surface; note undulating basal margin of column, following micro-relief irregularities along attachment to substratum; O, enlargement of column surface, showing planar-spherulitic fabric of closely appressed acicular crystallites. Scale bars: A–C, 250 µm; D, E, G, H, N, 100 µm; F, I–K, 50 µm; L, M, O, 25 µm.
FIGURE 1 in Vasopora ceramica n. gen., n. sp.-a new abyssal cyclostome bryozoan from polymetallic nodules in the Russian exploration area, Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone, eastern Pacific Ocean
FIGURE 1. The eastern Russian exploration area of the CCFZ, with depth intervals ranging from 4510 m (orange) to 5280 m (purplish-blue), showing sampling stations for Vasopora ceramica n. gen., n. sp.
FIGURE 2. Vasopora ceramica n. gen., n in Vasopora ceramica n. gen., n. sp.-a new abyssal cyclostome bryozoan from polymetallic nodules in the Russian exploration area, Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone, eastern Pacific Ocean
FIGURE 2. Vasopora ceramica n. gen., n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50740. A–D, rotational views of fertile colony; E, capitulum with centrally located incubation chamber, covered and surrounded by network of ridges and alveoli, with radially arranged autozooidal peristomes at periphery; F, oblique view of colony attached to nodule particle; G, center to margin of capitulum, showing distal half of incubation chamber with ooeciopore, with trabecular ridges in-between, and connecting peristomes with gonozooid, encircling deep alveoli; H, gonozooid with numerous irregular pores within shallow alveoli on roof surface, surrounded by dense network of tuberculated ridges defining deep marginal alveoli; I–L, rotational views of gonozooid: I, distal, J, lateral, K, distolateral, and L, back-side view; note continuous cover of thick ridges, connected to trabecular network around peristomes; M, N, frontal and distal views of ooeciopore, respectively; O, close-up of L, showing shallow alveolus and coarse surface; P, enlargement of trabeculate ridge margin, showing imbricated foliated fabric of wedge-shaped crystallites; Q, enlargement of gonozooid wall, showing pore surrounded by wedge-shaped crystallites. Scale bars: A–F, 250 µm; G–L, 100 µm; M, N, 50 µm; O, P, 25 µm; Q, 5 µm.
FIGURE 4. Vasopora ceramica n. gen., n in Vasopora ceramica n. gen., n. sp.-a new abyssal cyclostome bryozoan from polymetallic nodules in the Russian exploration area, Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone, eastern Pacific Ocean
FIGURE 4. Vasopora ceramica n. gen., n. sp. Specimen YMG4–17, Stn 381. A, general view of ancestrular colony with three mature zooids, attached to nodule particle, fractured along expanded base; B, base of colony, showing protoecial dome (central zooid with own basal wall) with ancestrular peristome emerging from its apex, and first daughter zooid also originating from protoecium laterally (precise place of its communication pore outside plane of section); note elongated marginal, radially arranged trabeculae separating tubular extrazooidal alveolar spaces and kenozooid-like chambers; C, same, tilted forward; note shortened trabeculae delineating oval to cubical kenozooid-like chambers, surrounding ancestrular peristome with first daughter zooid in arch-like pattern; D, enlargement of protoecial dome with ancestrular peristome emerging from its entire roof and first daughter zooid also originating from protoecium laterally; E, same, tilted forward; F, detail of protoecial dome. Scale bars: A, 250 µm; B, C, 100 µm; D–F, 50 µm.
Data from: Exploring the role of Micronesian islands in the maintenance of coral genetic diversity in the Pacific Ocean
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: A new framework for investigating biotic homogenization and exploring future trajectories: oceanic island plant and bird assemblages as a case study
Studies of biotic homogenization have focused primarily on characterizing changes that have occurred between some past baseline and the present day. In order to understand how homogenization may change in the future, it is important to contextualize the processes driving these changes. Here, we examine empirical patterns of change in taxonomic similarity among oceanic island plant and bird assemblages. We use these empirical cases to unpack dynamic properties of biotic homogenization, thereby elucidating two important factors that have received little attention: 1) initial similarity and 2) the influence of six classes of introduction and extinction events. We use Jaccard's Index to explore the interplay among these factors in determining the changes in similarity that have occurred between human settlement and the present. Specifically, we develop general formulas for changes in similarity resulting from each of the six types of introductions and extinctions, so that the effect of each event type is formulated in terms of initial similarity and species richness. We then apply these insights to project how similarity levels would change in the future if the present patterns of introductions and extinctions continue. We show that the six event types, along with initial similarity, can show dramatically different behavior in different systems, leading to widely variable influences on similarity. Plant and bird biotas have homogenized only slightly to date, but their trajectories of change are highly divergent. Although existing patterns of colonization and extinction might not continue unchanged, if they were to do so then plant assemblages would show little additional change, whereas bird assemblages would become much more strongly homogenized. Our results suggest that moderate changes in similarity observed to date mask the potential for more dramatic changes in the future, and that the interaction among initial similarity and differential introduction and extinction regimes drives these dynamics.
Figure 2 from: Lasch KG, Gollner S, Oude Elferink A, Rühs S, Sangiorgi F, van Sebille E, Wang J (2024) Whose Ocean? Exploring multidisciplinary perspectives towards ocean sustainability and implications for the un(der)represented. Research Ideas and Outcomes 10: e114485. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.10.e114485
Figure 2 Pie charts showing the answer distribution of the 20 interviewees for the three questions of: (a) What does "whose ocean?" mean to you? (b) Who should control the ocean and how can we achieve this? and (c) How can we develop the relationship between humans and the ocean in a sustainable way?
Figure 1 from: Lasch KG, Gollner S, Oude Elferink A, Rühs S, Sangiorgi F, van Sebille E, Wang J (2024) Whose Ocean? Exploring multidisciplinary perspectives towards ocean sustainability and implications for the un(der)represented. Research Ideas and Outcomes 10: e114485. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.10.e114485
Figure 1 Scheme illustrating the relationship between the ocean and humans: regulating, supporting, provisioning and cultural services of the ocean (green and blue backgrounds); as well as the threats the ocean is experiencing through humanity caused by anthropogenic climate change, overexploitation, habitat destruction and pollution (red background).
Figure 8 from: Wiklund H, Taylor JD, Dahlgren TG, Todt C, Ikebe C, Rabone M, Glover AG (2017) Abyssal fauna of the UK-1 polymetallic nodule exploration area, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Mollusca. ZooKeys 707: 1-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.707.13042
Figure 8 - Ledella sp. (NHM_381). Scale bar: 1 mm. Image attribution Glover, Dahlgren & Wiklund, 2017.
Figure 9 from: Wiklund H, Taylor JD, Dahlgren TG, Todt C, Ikebe C, Rabone M, Glover AG (2017) Abyssal fauna of the UK-1 polymetallic nodule exploration area, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Mollusca. ZooKeys 707: 1-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.707.13042
Figure 9 - Nucula profundorum Smith, 1885 A Live specimen NHM_141 (for which 18S, CO1 and 16S sequences were obtained) B Live specimens NHM_274 (4 specimens from same sample) C Open shell from single individual NHM_274A with tissue sample taken for DNA sequencing D–E SEM of NHM_378 valve showing hinge teeth. Scale bars: 1.5 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C). Image attribution Glover, Taylor, Dahlgren & Wiklund, 2017.
Figure 7 from: Wiklund H, Taylor JD, Dahlgren TG, Todt C, Ikebe C, Rabone M, Glover AG (2017) Abyssal fauna of the UK-1 polymetallic nodule exploration area, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Mollusca. ZooKeys 707: 1-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.707.13042
Figure 7 - Ledella knudseni sp. n. A Holotype, specimen NHM_288c B Paratype, specimen NHM_288a C Specimen NHM 288a dissected prior to DNA sequencing and SEM D–G SEM of valve, hinge teeth and protoconch. Scale bars: 1 mm (B–C); 0.5 mm (D–E); 0.1 mm (F–G). Image attribution Glover, Taylor, Dahlgren & Wiklund, 2017.
Figure 6 from: Wiklund H, Taylor JD, Dahlgren TG, Todt C, Ikebe C, Rabone M, Glover AG (2017) Abyssal fauna of the UK-1 polymetallic nodule exploration area, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Mollusca. ZooKeys 707: 1-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.707.13042
Figure 6 - Bathyspinula calcar (Dall, 1908) A Specimen NHM_181, Image of live specimen after recovery, length 13.5 mm B–D Specimen NHM_149A confirmed juvenile B. calcar using DNA evidence, total length of animal ~2mm. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B–D). Image attribution Glover, Taylor, Dahlgren & Wiklund, 2017.
Figure 5 from: Wiklund H, Taylor JD, Dahlgren TG, Todt C, Ikebe C, Rabone M, Glover AG (2017) Abyssal fauna of the UK-1 polymetallic nodule exploration area, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Mollusca. ZooKeys 707: 1-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.707.13042
Figure 5 - Phylogenetic analysis of Bivalvia: Heterodonta. 50% majority rule consensus tree from the Bayesian analyses using 18S and COI. Asterisks denotes support values of 95 or above.
Figure 4 from: Wiklund H, Taylor JD, Dahlgren TG, Todt C, Ikebe C, Rabone M, Glover AG (2017) Abyssal fauna of the UK-1 polymetallic nodule exploration area, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Mollusca. ZooKeys 707: 1-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.707.13042
Figure 4 - Vesicomya galatheae (Knudsen, 1970) A Live imaged specimens of NHM_260a,b,c habitus B Detail of NHM_143, probable juvenile, oil droplets arrowed C NHM_255 live imaged specimen D–E SEM detail of shell interior and hinge teeth of NHM_260a (right valve). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (B, E). Image attribution Glover, Taylor, Dahlgren & Wiklund, 2017.
Figure 3 from: Wiklund H, Taylor JD, Dahlgren TG, Todt C, Ikebe C, Rabone M, Glover AG (2017) Abyssal fauna of the UK-1 polymetallic nodule exploration area, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Mollusca. ZooKeys 707: 1-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.707.13042
Figure 3 - Thyasira sp. (NHM_180) A Preserved specimen (NHM_180) with pieces of polymetallic nodule adhered to shell margin B Additional small specimen (live imaged at sea) NHM_051. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A). Image attribution Glover, Dahlgren and Wiklund, 2017.
Figure 27 from: Wiklund H, Taylor JD, Dahlgren TG, Todt C, Ikebe C, Rabone M, Glover AG (2017) Abyssal fauna of the UK-1 polymetallic nodule exploration area, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Mollusca. ZooKeys 707: 1-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.707.13042
Figure 27 - Phylogenetic analysis of Solenogastres, 50% majority rule consensus tree from the Bayesian analyses using COI. Asterisks denotes support values of 95 or above.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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