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1,335 results for “oxidative stress”
Strong species differences in life-history do not predict oxidative stress physiology or sensitivity to an environmental oxidant
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Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis prevents high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress in mice by gut-liver axis modulating properties
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Data from: Live fast, die old: oxidative stress as a potential mediator of an unexpected life-history evolution
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Data from: Effects of short-term multi-pollutant exposure on the oxidative stress status of captive songbirds
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Data from: Oxidative stress mediates rapid compensatory growth and its costs
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Data from: Queuine is a nutritional regulator of Entamoeba histolytica response to oxidative stress and a virulence attenuator
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Data from: Maternal oxidative stress and reproduction: testing the constraint, cost and shielding hypotheses in a wild mammal
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Data from: Effect of mitochondrial oxidative stress on regulatory T cell manufacturing for clinical application in transplantation: Results from a pilot study
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Evaluation of oxidative stress markers in Rwanda during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
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Data from: Prophage terminase with tRNase activity sensitizes S. enterica to oxidative stress
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Heat stress induced nitric oxide (DAF-FM-DA) response in respiratory growing Wild-type, atg32∆ and spe1∆ mutant yeast with and without spermidine addition
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Dataset Chronic water restriction triggers sex-specific oxidative stress and telomere shortening in lizards
<p>This dataset is related to "Chronic water restriction triggers sex-specific oxidative stress and telomere shortening in lizards" (Dupoué A., Angelier F., Ribout C., Meylan S., Rozen-Rechels D., Decencière B., Agostini S., Le Galliard J.-F.) </p> <p>The file reports the information on the responses of 100 yearling lizards identified with their code (lizard_ID), depending on their sex and hydric treatment. Abrevations: </p> <p>SVL: Snout-vent length</p> <p>ROM: Reactive Oxygen Metabolites (an index of oxidative damages)</p> <p>OXY: Non-enzymatic antioxydant activities (an index of defences)</p> <p>TL: Telomere length</p>
Data from: Exposure effects beyond the epithelial barrier: trans-epithelial induction of oxidative stress by diesel exhaust particulates in lung fibroblasts in an organotypic human airway model
<p><i>In vitro</i> bronchial epithelial monoculture models have been pivotal in defining the adverse effects of inhaled toxicant exposures; however, they are only representative of one cellular compartment and may not accurately reflect the effects of exposures on other cell types. Lung fibroblasts exist immediately beneath the bronchial epithelial barrier and play a central role in lung structure and function, as well as disease development and progression. We tested the hypothesis that <i>in vitro</i> exposure of a human bronchial epithelial cell barrier to the model oxidant diesel exhaust particulates caused trans-epithelial oxidative stress in the underlying lung fibroblasts using a human bronchial epithelial cell and lung fibroblast co-culture model. We observed that diesel exhaust particulates caused trans-epithelial oxidative stress in underlying lung fibroblasts as indicated by intracellular accumulation of the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide, oxidation of the cellular antioxidant glutathione, activation of NRF2, and induction of oxidative stress responsive genes. Further, targeted antioxidant treatment of lung fibroblasts partially mitigated the oxidative stress response gene expression in adjacent human bronchial epithelial cells during diesel exhaust particulate exposure. This indicates that exposure induced oxidative stress in the airway extends beyond the bronchial epithelial barrier and that lung fibroblasts are both a target and a mediator of the adverse effects of inhaled chemical exposures despite a lack of direct exposure to the inhaled material. These findings illustrate the value of co-culture models and suggest that trans-epithelial exposure effects should be considered in inhalation toxicology research and testing.</p>
Data from: Oxidative stress in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE): role of aging, and DJ-1
<p>High levels of oxidative radicals generated by daily light exposure and high metabolic rate suggest that the antioxidant machinery of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is crucial for their survival. DJ-1 is a redox-sensitive protein that has been shown to have neuroprotective function in the brain in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we analyzed the role of DJ-1 in the retina during oxidative stress and aging. We induced low-level oxidative stress in young (3-month-old) and old (15-month-old) C57BL/6J (WT) and DJ-1 knockout (KO) mice and evaluated effects in the RPE and retina. Absence of DJ-1 resulted in increased retinal dysfunction in response to low levels of oxidative stress. Our findings suggest that loss of DJ-1 affects the RPE antioxidant machinery, rendering it unable to combat and neutralize low-level oxidative stress, irrespective of age. Moreover, they draw a parallel to the retinal degeneration observed in AMD, where the occurrence of genetic variants may leave the retina and RPE unable to fight sustained, low-levels of oxidative stress.</p>
Supporting Information of the article "mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes protect trabecular meshwork from oxidative stress"
<p>Supporting Information of the article "mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes protect trabecular meshwork from oxidative stress". </p>
Single and mixed arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species inocula have a different effect on the growth and oxidative stress defense in Lolium perenne exposed to phenol and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
<p>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous mutualistic plant symbionts which promote plant growth and protect them from abiotic stresses. Studies on AMF-assisted phytoremediation have shown that AMF can increase plant tolerance to the presence of hydrocarbon contaminants by improving plant nutrition status and mitigating oxidative stress. This work aimed to evaluate the impact of single-species or mixed-species AMF inocula, obtained from the contaminated environment (<i>Funneliformis caledonium</i>, <i>Diversispora varaderana</i>, <i>Claroideoglomus walkeri</i>), on a growth, oxidative stress (DNA oxidation and lipid peroxidation) and activity of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase) in <i>Lolium perenne</i> cultured in a substrate contaminated with 0/0 - 30/120 mg phenol/polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) kg<sup>-1</sup>. The assessment of AMF resistance to the presence of contaminants was based on mycorrhizal root colonization, spore production, the level of oxidative stress and antioxidative activity in AMF spores. In contrast to the mixed-species AMF inoculum, single AMF species significantly enhanced the growth of host plants cultured in the contaminated substrate. Their effect on the level of oxidative stress and the activity of antioxidative enzymes in plant tissues differed between the AMF species. Changes in the level of oxidative stress and the activity of antioxidative enzymes in AMF spores in response to contamination also depended on AMF species. Although, the concentration of phenol and PAHs had a negative effect on the production of AMF spores, low (5/20 mg phenol/PAHs kg<sup>-</sup>1) and substrate (15/60 mg phenol/PAHs kg<sup>-1</sup>) contamination stimulated the mycorrhizal colonization of roots. Among the studied AMF species, <i>F. caledonium</i> was the most resistant to phenol and PAHs and showed the highest potential in plant growth promotion. Adverse effects of mixed AMF inoculum on <i>L. perenne</i> growth might result from the competitive associations between the AMF species and excessive development of <i>C. walkeri</i>. Presented results might contribute to the development of functionally customized strategies of AMF-assisted phytoremediation with indigenous AMF inocula, adapted to form mycorrhizal associations in the presence of contaminants, which might enhance phytoremediation more effective than commercial AMF inocula.</p>
Data from: Harsh conditions during early development influence telomere length in an altricial passerine: links with oxidative stress and corticosteroids
Stress during early development can induce substantial long-term effects in organisms. In the case of birds, despite growth compensations, nestlings reared under harsh conditions typically show reduced survival chances in adulthood. It has been proposed that environmental early-life stressors could affect longevity via effects on telomere length, possibly mediated through oxidative stress. However, the link between these processes is not clear. In this study, we experimentally manipulated brood size in spotless starlings (Sturnus unicolor) to test the causal relationship between early stress, oxidative and corticosterone-mediated stress and telomere shortening. Our results show that experimentally enlarged brood sizes led to a reduction in morphometric development on nestlings, the effect being stronger for females than males. Additionally, basal corticosterone levels increased with increasing brood size in female nestlings. Neither plasma antioxidant status nor malondialdehyde levels (a marker of lipid peroxidation) were affected by experimental brood size, although the levels of a key intracellular antioxidant (glutathione) decreased with increasing brood size. We found that the treatment showed a quadratic effect on nestling telomere lengths, that were shortened either by increases or decreases of the original brood size. Our study provides experimental evidence for a link between developmental stress and telomere length, but does not support a direct causal link of this reduction with corticosterone or oxidative stress. We suggest that future studies should focus on how telomere length responds to additional markers of allostatic load.
Data from: Elevated oxidative stress in pied flycatcher nestlings of eumelanic foster fathers under low rearing temperatures
Striking variation in melanin coloration within natural populations is likely due to the different fitness outcomes of alternative phenotypes in varying environmental conditions. There are two types of melanins. Eumelanins yield blackish hues, while pheomelanins yield reddish hues. The production of eumelanins requires low levels of glutathione (GSH), which is the most important intracellular antioxidant, while the production of pheomelanins requires high levels of GSH. We investigated the oxidative status of male pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) with different degrees of melanin coloration under different temperatures during the nestling period. Moreover, we assessed the oxidative status of offspring in relation to their biological or foster father's melanin coloration and ambient temperature. To separate offspring genotype effects and paternal effects in different temperatures, we used a partial cross-foster design. The temperature differently affected the oxidative status of differently colored male pied flycatchers and their foster offspring. When the weather was relatively cold, black males had higher glutathione S-transferase levels compared to brown males, indicating enhanced stress in black males. Foster offspring of black males had lower ratio between reduced and oxidized GSH followed by higher total amount of GSH than foster offspring of brown males. Thus, foster offspring of black males seem to suffer from oxidative stress under relatively cold weather compared to those of brown males, and vice versa under relatively warm weather. While differently colored males experienced changes in their oxidative status under different temperatures, the link between father melanin coloration and offspring oxidative stress appears to be environmentally induced.
Data from: Oxidative stress is related to both melanin- and carotenoid-based ornaments in the common yellowthroat
Male ornaments are hypothesized to signal the ability of males to produce an effective immune response without extensive oxidative stress and damage to DNA. We examined this hypothesis in male common yellowthroats (Geothlypis trichas), which have two ornaments, a black (eumelanin-based) facial mask and a yellow (carotenoid-based) bib. In our study population, only the black mask is sexually selected. As predicted by the oxidative stress hypothesis, males with larger black masks were more resistant to oxidative stress, as measured by an in vitro assay of the resistance of erythrocytes to haemolysis by free radicals. Furthermore, males with larger masks also tended to have lower levels of glutathione, which was predicted because glutathione inhibits eumelanin production. In contrast, mask size was not related to absolute levels of oxidative stress measured in the plasma. Although the yellow bib is not under sexual selection in our population, males with larger bibs and feathers with greater carotenoid chroma had lower levels of oxidative stress. The oxidative stress hypothesis was first proposed for carotenoid-based ornaments. However, our results suggest that, even in the same individuals, carotenoid and eumelanin-based plumage ornaments may both signal the ability of males to resist or manage oxidative stress.
Data from: Primary dermal fibroblasts and pectoralis muscle show similar patterns of oxidative stress in tropical and temperate birds despite differing life-histories
<p><span>Tropical birds have a "slower pace of life," with lower rates of whole-animal metabolism, smaller metabolically active organs, and lower cellular metabolic rates than their temperate counterparts. Oxidative stress is a physiological mechanism that may dictate differing life-histories such as those found between tropical and temperate birds. <span>Oxygen is required to make ATP, resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)</span>. If left unchecked, ROS can structurally alter proteins, induce mutations in DNA, and damage structural lipids. To combat accumulating oxidative damage, organisms have evolved an elaborate and costly antioxidant system that serves to sequester ROS before they wreak cellular havoc. We examined whether oxidative stress would differ between tropical and temperate birds. We used isolated primary dermal fibroblasts and pectoralis muscle tissue for measurements. We measured four aspects of oxidative stress in primary fibroblasts – reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, ROS production, mitochondrial content, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) damage. We found no significant differences in the four variables between temperate and tropical birds.. In muscle tissue, we measured catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, peroxyl and hydroxyl scavenging capacity, and LPO damage. We found that peroxyl scavenging capacity was significantly higher in tropical birds compared with temperate birds. </span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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