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407 results for “riparian”
Evidence of climate-driven selection on tree traits and trait plasticity across the climatic range of a riparian foundation species
<p>Selection on quantitative traits by heterogeneous climatic conditions can lead to substantial trait variation across a species range. In the context of rapidly changing environments, however, it is equally important to understand selection on trait plasticity. To evaluate the role of selection in driving divergences in traits and their associated plasticities within a widespread species, we compared molecular and quantitative trait variation in <em>Populus fremontii</em> (Fremont cottonwood), a foundation riparian distributed throughout Arizona. Using SNP data and genotypes from 16 populations reciprocally planted in three common gardens, we first performed Q<sub>ST</sub>-F<sub>ST</sub> analyses to detect selection on traits and trait plasticity. We then explored the environmental drivers of selection using trait-climate and plasticity-climate regressions. Three major findings emerged: 1) There was significant genetic variation in traits expressed in each of the common gardens and in the phenotypic plasticity of traits across gardens, both of which were heritable. 2) Based on Q<sub>ST</sub>-F<sub>ST</sub> comparisons, there was evidence of selection in all traits measured; however, this result varied from no effect in one garden to highly significant in another, indicating that detection of past selection is environmentally dependent. We also found strong evidence of divergent selection on plasticity across environments for two traits. 3) Traits and/or their plasticity were often correlated with population source climate (R<sup>2</sup> up to 0.77 and 0.66, respectively). These results suggest that steep climate gradients across the Southwest have played a major role in shaping the evolution of divergent phenotypic responses in populations and genotypes now experiencing climate change.</p>
How ancient forest fragmentation and riparian connectivity generate high levels of genetic diversity in a micro-endemic Malagasy tree
<p>This repository contains all the scripts and most of the intermediary files necessary to replicate the analyses of the preprint "<strong>How ancient forest fragmentation and riparian connectivity generate high levels of genetic diversity in a micro-endemic Malagasy tree</strong>" submitted to Molecular Ecology and available at:</p> <p><a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.25.394544v1">https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.25.394544v5</a></p> <p>Within each of the different zipped folders a readme.txt file briefly explains how the analyses are organized.</p> <p>This version of the dataset has been revised in agreement with the manuscript revision to answer the comments of the first two rounds of reviews in Peer Community In Evolutionary Biolology (PCI-EvolBiol; <a href="https://evolbiol.peercommunityin.org/">https://evolbiol.peercommunityin.org/</a>) by M. Navascues (Recommender), Katharina Budde (reviewer) and Yurena Arjona (reviewer), as well as two rounds of reviews in Molecular Ecology. All PCIevolbiol comments, response and changes are documented on the PCIevolbiol website.</p>
Figure 5 in Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), a new riparian species of São Francisco River, northeastern Brazil
Figure 5. Images of some species of Eurhopalothrix. A-C. Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov. (holotype). B. Eurhopalothrix bolaui. D. Eurhopalothrix bruchi (syntype). A-B. Dorsal view. C-D. Details of the posterior of the head in frontal view. The blue line represents the width of the frontal lobes, and the green line represents the width of the clypeus. The outline of the anterior margin of the clypeus is represented in red. / Figura 5. Imágenes de algunas especies de Eurhopalothrix. A-C. Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov. (holotipo). B. Eurhopalothrix bolaui. D. Eurhopalothrix bruchi (sintipo). A-B. Vista dorsal. C-D. Detalles de la parte posterior de la cabeza en vista frontal. La lÍnea azul representa el ancho de los lóbulos frontales, y la lÍnea verde representa el ancho del clÍpeo. El contorno del margen anterior del clÍpeo está representado en rojo.
Figure 4 in Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), a new riparian species of São Francisco River, northeastern Brazil
Figure 4. Map of part of South America with the distribution of Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov., and of some other specimens of the bruchi group (Caatinga limits modified from Lima 2021). / Figura 4. Mapa de parte de Sudamérica con la distribución de Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov., y de algunos otros especÍmenes del grupo bruchi (lÍmites de Caatinga de Lima 2021).
Figure 3 in Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), a new riparian species of São Francisco River, northeastern Brazil
Figure 3. Photo in the riparian forest where Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov. was collected, on the left bank of the São Francisco River in Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil. / Figura 3. Foto en el bosque ribereño donde Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov. fue recolectada, en la margen izquierda del rÍo São Francisco en Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brasil.
Figure 2 in Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), a new riparian species of São Francisco River, northeastern Brazil
Figure 2. Syntype of Eurhopalothrix bruchi. A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Head in frontal view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm. / Figura 2. Sintipo de Eurhopalothrix bruchi. A. Vista lateral. B. Vista dorsal. C. Cabeza en vista frontal. Barra de escala: 0,5 mm.
Figure 1 in Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), a new riparian species of São Francisco River, northeastern Brazil
Figure 1. Holotype of Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov. A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Head in frontal view. Scale bar: A = 0.5 mm; B and C = 0.2 mm. / Figura 1. Holotipo de Eurhopalothrix oxente sp. nov. A. Vista lateral. B. Vista dorsal. C. Cabeza en vista frontal. Barra de escala: A = 0,5 mm; B y C = 0,2 mm.
Fig. 6 in Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Fig. 6. Canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP) of invertebrates associated with cobbles in Luxemburgo (gray circles), Macuco (black squares) and Pau Amarelo (white diamonds) streams, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Only taxa vectors with correlations>0.3 are included in the plot. T7, T15, T30, T45 and T60: sampling intervals (Bae: Baetidae; Calo, Calopterygidae; Chi, Chironominae; Elm.A, Elmidae adult; Elm.L, Elamidae larva; Emp, Empididae; Ger, Gerridae; Gom, Gomphidae; Hel, Helichopsychidae; Hydra, Hydracarina; Hyd.psy, Hydropsychidae; Hyd.ptil, Hydroptilidae; Lep.cer, Leptoceridae; Lep.hyp, Leptohyphidae; Lep.phl, Leptophlebiidae; Meg, Megapodagrionidae; Nau, Naucoridae; Odo, Odontoceridae; Oli, Oligochaeta; Ort, Orthocladiinae; Per, Perlidae; Philo, Philopotamidae; Poly, Polycentropodidae; Pse, Psephenidae; Psy, Psychodidae; Tany, Tanypodinae; Vel, Veliidae).
Fig. 3 in Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Fig. 3. Values (mean ± SE) of invertebrate density associated with cobbles in Luxemburgo (thin solid line, gray circles), Macuco (thick solid line, black squares) and Pau Amarelo (dashed line, white diamonds) streams, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Fig. 5 in Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Fig. 5. Species accumulation curves (Mao-Tau sampled based rarefaction with 95% confidence intervals) of invertebrates associated with cobbles in Luxemburgo (thin solid line, gray circles), Macuco (thick solid line, black squares) and Pau Amarelo (dashed line, white diamonds) streams, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Fig. 1 in Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Fig. 1. Daily mean values of water temperature (lines) and luminosity (columns) in Luxemburgo (gray), Macuco (black) and Pau Amarelo (white) streams, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil during the experiment.
Fig. 2 in Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Fig. 2. Contents of chlorophyll-a (mean ± SE) on the cobbles incubated in Luxemburgo (thin solid line, gray circles), Macuco (thick solid line, black squares) and Pau Amarelo (dashed line, white diamonds) streams, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.
FIGURE 9 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 9. Acer negundo (Box Elder). 1, Leaflet, showing shallow lobes and rounded sinuses, EMS 425016; 2, Trichomes along veins, EMS 425016; 3, Trichomes along tooth margin, EMS 425016, with increased density on basal side of tooth; 4, Tooth of modern A. negundo from York County, Pennsylvania (collection Y2.2 of Wilf, 1997), showing the same general trichome pattern.
FIGURE 7 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 7. Liriodendron tulipifera (Tulip Tree). 1, Subfossil samara, EMS 425015; 2, Thickened ridge at basal attachment site of EMS 425015; 3, Mucronate samara tip from EMS 425014.
FIGURE 4 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 4. Fagus grandifolia (American Beech). 1, Leaf fragment, showing regularly spaced secondary veins, EMS 425004; 2, Detail of venation on EMS 425004; 3, Trichomes at vein junction, EMS 425004; 4, Trichomes at the vein junction of a modern F. grandifolia leaf from York County, Pennsylvania (collection Y1.2 of Wilf, 1997); 5, Rounded tooth on subfossil, EMS 425005; 6, Tooth and rounded sinus on modern F. grandifolia leaf from York County, Pennsylvania (collection Y1.2 of Wilf, 1997); 7, Trichome, EMS 425004.
FIGURE 6 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 6. Quercus Section Quercus (White Oak group). 1, Lobe of modern Q. alba from York County Pennsylvania (collection of Wilf, 1997); 2, Subfossil, EMS 425008, showing entire margin with fimbrial vein and retuse, asymmetrical apex.
FIGURE 8 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 8. Three Salix spp. (Willow) subfossils. 1, EMS 425022; 2, EMS 425021; 3, EMS 425023; 4, Salicoid tooth, EMS 425021.
FIGURE 3 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 3. Alnus serrulata (Hazel Alder), EMS 425002. 1, Whole specimen; 2, Peltate scale and simple trichomes; 3, Stipitate gland trichome; 4, Detail of teeth; 5, Trichomes at vein junction; 6, Areolation with simple and branching freely ending veinlets.
FIGURE 5 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 5. Quercus Section Lobatae (Red Oak group). 1, Leaf fragment showing asymmetrical lobe with acute apex, EMS 425011; 2, Abaxial leaf surface of EMS 425011, with randomly oriented stomata; 3, Simple trichome on leaf surface near secondary vein, EMS 425011. 4, Trichomes along a tertiary vein, EMS 425011; 5, Individual stoma of modern Q. rubra from York County, Pennsylvania (collection Y2.3 of Wilf, 1997) showing T-shape junction; 6, Individual stoma of EMS 425011.
FIGURE 2 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 2. White Clay Creek leaf mat site, illustrating the contact (at trowel) between the darker hydric soil layer containing subfossil leaves and the overlying, lighter-colored legacy sediments. Stadia rod for scale.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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