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304 results for “scale pattern”
Data from: Chilean bee diversity: Contrasting patterns of species and phylogenetic turnover along a large-scale ecological gradient
<p>Title of dataset</p> <p>Data from: Chilean bee diversity: Contrasting patterns of species and phylogenetic turnover along a large-scale ecological gradient</p> <p>Authors of dataset</p> <p>Leon Marshall<sup>1,2</sup>, John S. Ascher<sup>3</sup>, Cristian Villagra<sup>4</sup>, Amaury Beaugendre<sup>1</sup>, Valentina Herrera<sup>4</sup>, Patricia Henríquez-Piskulich<sup>4</sup>, Alejandro Vera<sup>5</sup>, Nicolas J. Vereecken<sup>1</sup></p> <ol> <li>Agroecology Lab, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe CP 264/2, B 1050 Brussels, Belgium</li> <li>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands</li> <li>Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore</li> <li>Instituto de Entomología, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile</li> <li>Departamento de Biología, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile</li> </ol> <p>Abstract</p> <p>Chile's isolation and varied climates have driven the evolution of a unique biodiversity with a high degree of endemism. As a result, Chile encompasses diverse environments, including the Mediterranean-type ecosystem, a global biodiversity hotspot. These environments are currently threatened by anthropogenic land use change impacting the integrity of local biomes and associated species. This area is the most intensively sampled of the country with high endemicity of native bee species. Characterising habitat requirements of bees is a pressing priority to safeguard these insects and the ecosystem services they provide. We investigated broad-scale patterns of bee (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) diversity using newly accessible expert-validated datasets comprising digitized specimen records from Chilean and US collections, and novel expert-validated type specimen data for the bees of Chile. We used a generalised dissimilarity modelling (GDM) approach to explore both compositional and phylogenetic β-diversity patterns across latitudinal, altitudinal, climate and habitat gradients in well-sampled bee assemblages in Central Chile. Using the GDM measures of increasing compositional and environmental dissimilarity we categorised and compared the most important drivers of these patterns and used them to classify 'wild bee ecoregions' (WBE) representing unique assemblages. Turnover of bee assemblages was explained primarily by latitudinal variation (proxy for climate) from south to north in Chile. However, temperature variations, precipitation and the presence of bare soil also significantly explained turnover in bee assemblages. In comparison, we observed less turnover in phylogenetic biodiversity corresponding to spatial gradients. We identified six de novo ecoregions (WBE), all with distinct taxa, endemic lineages, and representative species. The WBE represent distinct spatial classifications but have similarities to existing biogeographical classifications, ecosystems and bioclimatic zones. This approach establishes the baseline needed to prioritise bee species conservation efforts across this global biodiversity hotspot. We discuss the novelty of this classification considering previous biogeographical characterisations and their relevance in assessing conservation priorities for bee conservation. We argue that Chile's WBE highlight areas in need of funding for bee species surveys and description, distribution mapping and strengthening of conservation policies.</p> <p>Usage notes</p> <p>The dataset contains species occurrence data of chilean bees aggregated to a 5 x 5 km grid shapefile. The shapefile of the grid and the raster mask of the Central Chilean study area are also included. Finally, a database of type specimen data used to supplement the dataset is included here. The code for the analysis can be found at: <a href="https://github.com/lmar116/ChileanBeeDiversity">https://github.com/lmar116/ChileanBeeDiversity</a>.</p> <p>Shapefiles, rasters, CSV files and code were all loaded and analyzed using R statistics software. </p> <p>Four files are included:</p> <ol> <li>Marshall-et-al-2023_Ecosphere_DataTable_bee_grid: contains all species occurrence data used in GDM analysis, Grid column refers to cl.5km.shp.</li> <li>cl.5km.shp (and associated files): 5 x 5 km grid shapefile of the Central Chilean study area</li> <li>chile.mask.tif: raster outline of the Central Chilean study area</li> <li>Marshall-et-al-2023_Ecosphere_CentralChileTypeSpecimens.xlsx: contains type specimen data used to supplement species occurrence dataset.</li> </ol>
Large-scale exploration of nitrogen utilization efficiency in Asia region for rice crop: variation patterns and determinants
<p><span>Improving rice nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) is imperative to maximizing future food productivity while minimizing environmental threats, yet knowledge of its variation and the underlying regulatory factors is still lacking. Here, we integrated a dataset with 21,571 data compiled by available data from peer-reviewed literature and a large-scale field survey to address this knowledge gap. The overall results revealed great variations in rice NUtE, which were mainly associated with human activities, climate conditions and rice variety. Specifically, N supply rate, temperature and precipitation were the foremost determinants of rice NUtE, and NUtE responses to climatic change differed among rice varieties. Further prediction highlighted the improved rice NUtE with the increasing latitude or longitude. The <em>indica</em> and <em>hybrid</em> rice exhibited higher NUtE in low-latitude regions compared to <em>japonica</em> and <em>inbred</em> rice, respectively. Collectively, our results evaluated the primary drivers of rice NUtE variations and predicted the geographical responses of NUtE in different varieties. Linking the global variations in rice NUtE with environmental factors and geographical adaptability provides valuable agronomic and ecological insights into the regulation of rice NUtE.</span></p>
Data from a flexible framework to assess patterns and drivers of beta diversity across spatial scales
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Exploring reversibility and contrasting patterns in temperature-size relationships across spatial and temporal scales using subfossil chironomids
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Data from: Scale‐dependent spatial patterns in benthic communities around a tropical island seascape
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Dataset 1 for Large- and small-scale geographic structures affect genetic patterns across populations of an Alpine butterfly
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Fine-scale empirical data on niche divergence and homeolog expression patterns in an allopolyploid and its diploid progenitor species
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Fine-scale spatial genetic structure, mating and gene flow dispersal patterns in Parkia biglobosa populations under different levels of habitat fragmentation
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Data from: Repeatable patterns of small-scale spatial variation in intertidal mussel beds and their implications for responses to climate change
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Data from: Aridity and forest age mediate landscape scale patterns of tropical forest resistance to cyclonic storms
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Data from: Fine‐scale geographic patterns of gene flow and reproductive character displacement in drosophila subquinaria and d. recens
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Cortex cis-regulatory switches establish scale colour identity and pattern diversity in Heliconius
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Dataset 2 for Large‐ and small‐scale geographic structures affecting genetic patterns across populations of an Alpine butterfly
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Data from: Pattern and process in hominin brain size evolution are scale-dependent
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Fine-scale spatial patterns of wildlife disease are common and understudied
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Data from: The role of climate, water and biotic interactions in shaping biodiversity patterns in arid environments across spatial scales
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Data from: Beta diversity patterns of bats in the Atlantic Forest: how does the scale of analysis affect the importance of spatial and environmental factors?
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Large-scale patterns of green turtle trophic ecology in the eastern Pacific Ocean
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Management scale drives bee and forb biodiversity patterns in suburban green spaces
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Data and codes to replicate the analysis in: The spatial ecology of conflicts: Unravelling patterns of wildlife damage at multiple scales
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.