Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
265
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.7.1
Dataset results
265 results for “sequestration”
Carbon sequestration in degraded intermountain west rangelands, USA
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Phytochemical changes in milkweed induced by elevated CO2 alter wing morphology but not toxin sequestration in monarch butterflies
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Binding and sequestration of poison frog alkaloids by a plasma globulin
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Changing plant species composition and richness benefit soil carbon sequestration under climate warming
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data for: No physiological costs of dual sequestration of chemically different plant toxins in the milkweed bug Spilostethus saxatilis (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Links between boreal forest management, soil fungal communities and belowground carbon sequestration
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Carbon sequestration and soil restoration potential of grazing lands under exclosure management in a semi-arid environment of northern Ethiopia
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Differential impacts of nitrogen addition on rhizosphere and bulk-soil carbon sequestration in an alpine shrubland
<p><span><span>1. Due to complex root-soil interactions, the responses of carbon (C) dynamics in the rhizosphere to elevated nitrogen (N) deposition may be different from those in bulk soil. However, the potentially different response of C dynamics in the rhizosphere and bulk soils and their contributions to soil C sequestration under N deposition is still not elucidated.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>2. We conducted an N addition experiment in an alpine shrubland dominated by <i>Sibiraea angustata</i> located on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). We measured the soil organic C (SOC) contents and density fractions in the rhizosphere and bulk soils in the top 15 cm of mineral soil and then employed a numerical model based on the rhizosphere extent to evaluate how the rhizosphere modulates soil C sequestration under N addition. We also measured the microbial gene abundance and C-acquisition enzyme activities to assess microbial community responses to N addition.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>3. The results showed that nitrogen addition had opposite effects on the rhizosphere and bulk-soil C stocks. Specifically, N addition decreased the rhizosphere SOC content through increasing bacterial abundance, β-glucosidase activity, and thus accelerating the loss of free light fraction C (FLF-C). However, N addition increased the bulk-soil C content, which was corresponding with the reduced oxidase activities and the accelerated accumulation of heavy fraction C (HF-C) under N addition. Numerical model analysis showed that the decrease induced by N addition in rhizosphere SOC stock ranged from 0.11 to 3.01 kg C m<sup>-2</sup> as root exudation diffusion distance extended from 0.5 mm to 2 mm, while the corresponding increase in the bulk-soil C stock ranged from 1.91 to 4.08 kg C m<sup>-2</sup>. By synthesizing the dynamics of the SOC stocks in these two soil compartments under N addition, the SOC stock at the ecosystem level exhibited an increase in range of 0.73-2.44 kg C m<sup>-2</sup>.</span></span></p> <p><span><span>4. <i>Synthesis</i> Our results suggest that alpine shrublands on the eastern QTP have great potential for soil C sequestration under N deposition, and the magnitude of the sequestration would depend closely on the responses of rhizosphere microbial C processes and the rhizosphere extent. Our results highlight the importance of integrating rhizosphere processes into land surface models to accurately predict ecosystem functions in the background of elevated N deposition.</span></span></p>
Data from: Plant community dynamics and carbon sequestration in Sphagnum-dominated peatlands in the era of global change
<p>Aim: Hydroclimatic shift and anthropogenic-driven nitrogen deposition are major outcomes of global change that could compromise the functioning of many peatlands as a carbon sink. For Sphagnum-dominated peatlands, an emerging hypothesis is that the change could be triggered by shifts in competitive dominance among plant functional groups, specifically from the currently predominant decay-resistant Sphagnum to the more decomposable vascular plants. However, the relationship between Sphagnum and vascular plant occurrence is notably complex and also includes facilitative interactions that are crucial to the productivity of Sphagnum and therefore carbon sequestration.</p> <p>Location: Global</p> <p>Taxa: Northern peatlands—Sphagnum moss and vascular plants</p> <p>Methods: We use a conceptual review to examine underlying mechanisms for the competitive exclusion hypothesis and the nature of facilitative interactions between Sphagnum and vascular plants under the potential global change conditions. We complement the review with an empirical study of peatlands with contrasting hydrology to provide some critical insights into the potential effects of change in plant communities on carbon sequestration. We also propose a conceptual model that presents probable combinations of global change factors and their implications for carbon sequestration.</p> <p>Results: Vegetation structure in Sphagnum-dominated peatland appears to be driven largely by hydrology, rather than competition among plant functional groups. The peat deposit also exerts some controls (e.g., nutrient immobilization) on biotic structure, thereby acting as resistance against an abrupt shift in plant communities.<br> Main conclusions: Peatland controls that constrain vegetation shifts have developed over a millennial timescale in many peatlands, and the pace of climate change may not allow enough time for the establishment of those mechanisms in younger peatlands. Thus, the persistence of a given peatland as a carbon sink also likely depends on the successional stage of the peatland.</p>
Data from: Mosses reduce soil nitrogen availability in a subarctic birch forest via effects on soil thermal regime and sequestration of deposited nitrogen
<p>In high-latitude ecosystems, bryophytes are important drivers of ecosystem functions. Alterations in abundance of mosses due to global change may thus strongly influence carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling and hence cause feedback on climate. The effects of mosses on soil microbial activity are, however, still poorly understood. Our study aims at elucidating how and by which mechanisms bryophytes influence microbial decomposition processes of soil organic matter and thus soil nutrient availability. We present results from a field experiment in a subarctic birch forest in northern Sweden, where we partly removed the moss cover and replaced it with an artificial soil cover for simulating moss effects on soil temperature and moisture. We combined this with a fertilization experiment with 15N-labelled N for analyzing the effects of moss N-sequestration on soil processes. Our results demonstrate the capacity of mosses to reduce soil N availability and retard N cycling. The comparison with artificial soil cover plots suggests that the effect of mosses on N cycling is linked to the thermal insulation capacity of mosses causing low average soil temperature in summer and strongly reduced soil temperature fluctuations, the latter also leading to a decreased frequency of freeze-thaw events in autumn and spring. Our results also showed, however, that the negative temperature effect of mosses on soil microbial activity was in part compensated by stimulatory effects of the moss layer, possibly linked to leaching of labile substrates from the moss. Furthermore, our results revealed that bryophytes efficiently sequester added N from wet deposition and thus prevent effects of increased atmospheric N deposition on soil N availability and soil processes.</p> <p><em>Synthesis.</em> Our study emphasizes the important role of mosses in carbon and nutrient cycling in high latitude ecosystems and the potential strong impacts of reductions in moss abundance on microbial decomposition processes and nutrient availability in subarctic and boreal forests.</p>
Data from: Coastal landforms and accumulation of mangrove peat increase carbon sequestration and storage
Given their relatively small area, mangroves and their organic sediments are of disproportionate importance to global carbon sequestration and carbon storage. Peat deposition and preservation allows some mangroves to accrete vertically and keep pace with sea-level rise by growing on their own root remains. In this study we show that mangroves in desert inlets in the coasts of the Baja California have been accumulating root peat for nearly 2,000 y and harbor a belowground carbon content of 900–34,00 Mg C/ha, with an average value of 1,130 (± 128) Mg C/ha, and a belowground carbon accumulation similar to that found under some of the tallest tropical mangroves in the Mexican Pacific coast. The depth–age curve for the mangrove sediments of Baja California indicates that sea level in the peninsula has been rising at a mean rate of 0.70 mm/y (± 0.07) during the last 17 centuries, a value similar to the rates of sea-level rise estimated for the Caribbean during a comparable period. By accreting on their own accumulated peat, these desert mangroves store large amounts of carbon in their sediments. We estimate that mangroves and halophyte scrubs in Mexico's arid northwest, with less than 1% of the terrestrial area, store in their belowground sediments around 28% of the total belowground carbon pool of the whole region.
Data from: Geochemical analyses reveal the importance of environmental history for blue carbon sequestration
Coastal habitats including saltmarshes and mangrove forests can accumulate and store significant blue carbon stocks, which may persist for millennia. Despite this implied stability, the distribution and structure of intertidal-supratidal wetlands is known to respond to changes imposed by geomorphic evolution, climatic, sea level and anthropogenic influences. In this study, we reconstruct environmental histories and biogeochemical conditions in four wetlands of similar contemporary vegetation in SE Australia. The objective is to assess the importance of historic factors to contemporary organic carbon (C) stocks and accumulation rates. Results from the four cores – two collected from marine influenced saltmarshes (WAP-M and POR-M) and two from fluvial influenced saltmarshes (WAP-F and POR-F) – highlight different environmental histories and preservation conditions. High C stocks are associated with the presence of a mangrove phase below the contemporary saltmarsh sediments in the POR-M and POR-F cores. 13C NMR analyses show this historic mangrove root C to be remarkably stable in its molecular composition despite its age, consistent with its position in deep sediments. WAP-M and WAP-F cores did not contain mangrove root C, however, significant preservation of char C (up to 46% of C in some depths) in WAP-F reveals the importance of historic catchment processes to this site. Together, these results highlight the importance of integrating historic ecosystem and catchment factors into attempts to upscale C accounting to broader spatial scales.
Data from: Ecophysiological limits to aerobic metabolism in hypoxia determine epibenthic distributions and energy sequestration in the northeast Pacific ocean
Expansion of oxygen deficient waters (hypoxia) in the northeast Pacific Ocean (NEP) will have marked impacts on marine life. The response of the resident communities will be a function of their ecophysiological constraints in low oxygen, although this remains untested in the NEP due to a lack of integrative studies. Here, we combine in situ surveys and lab-based respirometry experiments were conducted on three indicator species (spot prawn Pandalus platyceros, slender sole Lyopsetta exilis, squat lobster Munida quadrispina) of seasonally hypoxic systems in the NEP to test if metabolic constraints determine distributions and energy sequestration in a hypoxic setting. These experiments were integrated with a global review of critical oxygen levels ( math formula; lower threshold of aerobic metabolism) for crustaceans to determine if math formula-based hypoxia thresholds are different among ocean basins. Our results show that species-specific differences in math formula and standard metabolic rates (1) determine the lowest environmental oxygen ([O2]env) at which in situ populations occur, (2) result in disproportionate shifts in distributions among co-occurring species during summer hypoxia expansion events, and (3) characterize shifts in megafaunal community respiration rates due to marked spatio-temporal variability in [O2]env. Our results show that math formula-based hypoxia thresholds are significantly lower in the East Pacific Ocean relative to other major ocean basins, which suggests that the physiological response of local fauna to deoxygenation can be determined by the natural variability and oxygen exposure in a region. In order to establish realistic predictions on the biological consequences of marine deoxygenation, we suggest integrating metabolism-based traits to calculate hypoxia thresholds for marine ecosystems.
Functional traits and size interact to influence growth and carbon sequestration among trees in urban greenspaces
<ol> <li>There is persistent uncertainty about how integrated plant functions, like growth, are mechanistically constrained and practically predicted by functional traits. For trees, these knowledge gaps persist for two reasons: first, studies of 'natural' forests are observational, with highly variable and confounding resource limitation and competition; second, most studies investigate only a few popular traits and ignore context-dependencies in trait-effects on growth (e.g., trait-environment or trait-ontogeny interactions).</li> <li>We assessed 17 traits as predictors of radial growth and aboveground carbon sequestration for 182 trees, including individuals of 42 species common to temperate cities. By focusing exclusively on planted trees growing in isolation, our unique study is a pseudo-experiment that spans a large range of taxonomic and trait variability and minimizes confounding effects of environmental heterogeneity (e.g., shifts in light availability with tree size). Focal traits included not only commonly measured traits related to leaf economics and plant size, but also wood traits and whole-plant phenology.</li> <li>Models with indices of tree ontogeny (size) and traits explained 80% and 72% of variability in relative growth and carbon sequestration, respectively, and traits accounted for ~20% of the variation. Traits related to said tree functions included leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf N content, mature height, wood anatomy, and phenology. LDMC was positively correlated with wood growth and C sequestration across all size classes, while the positive effects of leaf N, mature height, and wood density were only apparent for smaller trees. Ring-porous species had higher rates of growth and C sequestration than diffuse-porous species.</li> <li>Consistent with recent theory, growth rates of isolated, urban trees vary as a function of simple and interactive effects of traits and size. Our findings are useful for optimizing reforestation efforts in temperate cities, where planners and land managers can select species for rapid growth and C sequestration using freely available data for the 'effect' traits we identified, including wood anatomy and density, leaf N, and LDMC. Lastly, the trait-growth relationships we describe here may reflect those of 'naturally' isolated trees growing in savannas and/or woodlands and provide an insightful frame of reference for trees in closed-canopy forests.</li> </ol>
Toxin sequestration of milkweed insects and inhibition of their sodium pump constructs
<p>Repeatable macroevolutionary patterns provide hope for rules in biology, especially when we can decipher the underlying mechanisms. Here we synthesize natural history, genetic adaptations, and toxin sequestration in herbivorous insects that specialize on plants with cardiac glycoside defenses. Work on the monarch butterfly provided a model for evolution of the <em>sequestering specialist syndrome</em>, where specific amino acid substitutions in the insect's Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase are associated with 1) high toxin-resistance (target site insensitivity, TSI), 2) sequestration of toxins, and 3) aposematic coloration. We evaluate convergence for these traits within and between Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera and Orthoptera, encompassing hundreds of toxin-adapted species. Using new and existing data on ~28 origins of specialization, we show that the monarch model evolved independently in five taxonomic orders (but not Diptera). An additional syndrome occurs in five orders: aposematic sequesterers with modest to medium TSI (all but Hymenoptera). Indeed, all sequestering species were aposematic and all but one had at least modest TSI. Additionally, several species were aposematic non-sequesterers (potential Batesian mimics), and this combination evolved in species with a range of TSI levels. Finally, we identified some biases among these strategies within taxonomic orders. Biodiversity in this microcosm of life evolved repeatedly with a high degree of similarity across six taxonomic orders, yet we identified alternative trait combinations as well as lineage-specific outcomes.</p>
Data for 'Careful selection of forest types in afforestation can increase carbon sequestration without compromising sustainability'
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Enhanced Sequestration of Organic Matter and Phosphate by Fe-oxides Generated from Abiotic Fe(II) Oxidation in the Presence of Heavy Metals
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Phytolith-occluded carbon sequestration potential in three major steppe types along a precipitation gradient in Northern China
<p>Phytolith-occluded carbon (PhytOC) is an important long-term stable carbon fraction in grassland ecosystems, and plays a promising role in global carbon sequestration. Determination of the PhytOC traits of different plants in major grassland types is crucial for precisely assessing their phytolith carbon sequestration potential. Precipitation is the predominant factor in controlling net primary productivity (NPP) and species composition of the semiarid steppe grasslands. We selected three representative steppe communities of the desert steppe, the dry typical steppe and the wet typical steppe in Northern Grasslands of China along a precipitation gradient, to investigate their species composition, biomass production and PhytOC content for quantifying its long-term carbon sequestration potential. Our results showed that (i) the phytolith and PhytOC contents in plants differed significantly among species, with dominant grass and sedge species having relatively high contents, and the contents are significantly higher in the below- than the aboveground parts. (ii) The phytolith contents of plant communities were 16.68, 17.94 and 15.85 g kg<sup><span>-1</span></sup> in the above- and 86.44, 58.73 and 76.94 g kg<sup><span>-1</span></sup> in the belowground biomass of the desert steppe, the dry typical steppe and the wet typical steppe, respectively; and the PhytOC contents were 0.68, 0.48 and 0.59 g kg<sup><span>-1</span></sup> in the above- and 1.11, 0.72 and 1.02 g kg<sup><span>-1</span></sup> in the belowground biomass of the three steppe types. (iii) Climatic factors affected phytolith and PhytOC production fluxes of steppe communities mainly through altering plant production, whereas their effects on phytolith and PhytOC contents were relatively small. Our study provides more evidence on the importance of incorporating belowground PhytOC production for estimating phytolith carbon sequestration potential, and suggests it crucial to quantify belowground PhytOC production taking into account of plant perenniality and PhytOC deposition over multiple years.</p>
Sequestration of defenses against predators drives specialized host plant associations in preadapted milkweed bugs (Heteroptera: Lygaeinae)
<p class="CxSpFirst">Host plant specialization across herbivorous insects varies dramatically, but while the molecular mechanisms of host-plant adaptations are increasingly known, we often lack a comprehensive understanding of the selective forces that favor specialization. The milkweed bugs (Heteroptera: Lygaeinae) are engaged in ancestrally specialized associations with plants of the Apocynaceae from which they commonly sequester cardiac glycosides for defense, facilitated by resistant Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPases and adaptations for transport, storage and discharge of toxins. Here, we show that three Lygaeinae species independently colonized four novel non-apocynaceous hosts that convergently produce cardiac glycosides. A fourth species shifted to a new source of toxins by tolerating and sequestering alkaloids from meadow saffron (<i>Colchicum autumnale</i>, Colchicaceae). Across three milkweed bug species tested, feeding on seeds containing toxins did not improve growth or speed of development, and even impaired growth and development in two species, but sequestration mediated protection of milkweed bugs against two natural predators: lacewing larvae and passerine birds. We conclude that physiological preadaptations and convergent phytochemistry facilitated novel specialized host associations. Since toxic seeds did not improve but either impaired growth or at most had neutral effects, selection by predators on sequestration of defenses, rather than the exploitation of additional profitable dietary resources, can lead to obligatory specialized host associations in otherwise generalist insects.</p>
Simulation results for "Future bioenergy expansion could alter carbon sequestration potential and exacerbate water stress in the United States"
<p>This dataset is the CTSM simulation results for the paper entitled "Future bioenergy expansion could alter carbon sequestration potential and exacerbate water stress in the United States" that published in Science Advances.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.