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1,445 results for “species richness.”
FIG. 12 in Dipterological survey in Mitaraka Massif (French Guiana) reveals megadiverse dolichopodid fauna with an unprecedented species richness in Paraclius Loew, 1864 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)
FIG. 12. — Distribution pattern of Dolichopodidae (Diptera) species over Mitaraka habitat types. Habitat types: RB, river bank; RBF, river bank forest; SL, slope; TOP, hill top; DZ + BC, drop zone + base camp; SAV, 'savane roche'; INS, inselberg. Unique species refer to species that were only collected in one single habitat type; other species were found in at least two habitat types.
FIG. 17 in Dipterological survey in Mitaraka Massif (French Guiana) reveals megadiverse dolichopodid fauna with an unprecedented species richness in Paraclius Loew, 1864 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)
FIG. 17. — Rarefaction curves on Dolichopodidae identified to (morpho)species level collected by various collecting methods at Mitaraka.
FIG. 10 in Dipterological survey in Mitaraka Massif (French Guiana) reveals megadiverse dolichopodid fauna with an unprecedented species richness in Paraclius Loew, 1864 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)
FIG. 10. — Comparison of Dolichopodidae (Diptera) yields among pan trap types across seven different sites at Mitaraka. Abbreviations: BPT, blue; WPT, white; YPT, yellow pan traps.
FIG. 6 in Dipterological survey in Mitaraka Massif (French Guiana) reveals megadiverse dolichopodid fauna with an unprecedented species richness in Paraclius Loew, 1864 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)
FIG. 6. — Diptera pan trap and sweep net sampling sites at Mitaraka. Yellow line marks the approximate border between French Guiana (north) and Brazil (south). Brown areas are rocky outcrops ('savanes roches' and inselbergs). For explation of sampling site codes, see Text and Tables 2, 3.
Data from: Genetic diversity in widespread species is not congruent with species richness in alpine plant communities
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) aims at the conservation of all three levels of biodiversity, i.e. ecosystems, species and genes. Genetic diversity represents evolutionary potential and is important for ecosystem functioning. Unfortunately, genetic diversity in natural populations is hardly considered in conservation strategies because it is difficult to measure and has been hypothesized to co-vary with species richness. This means that species richness is taken as a surrogate of genetic diversity in conservation planning, though their relationship has not been properly evaluated. We tested whether the genetic and species levels of biodiversity co-vary, using a large-scale and multi-species approach. We chose the high-mountain flora of the Alps and the Carpathians as study systems and demonstrate that species richness and genetic diversity are not correlated. Species richness thus cannot act as a surrogate for genetic diversity. Our results have important consequences for implementing the CBD when designing conservation strategies.
Latitudinal gradient, MEND experiment, and BioGen experiment relating species richness and net primary productivity (NPP)
<p>Aboveground net primary productivity and species richness.</p>
Рис. 2. Изменение виΑового богатства и таксономической структуры зонаΛьных фаун прямокрыΛых северо-востока Русской равнины. Fig. 2. Changes in species richness and taxonomic structure of Orthoptera fauna of the Russian Plain. in Fauna and landscape-zonal distribution of Orthoptera in the Komi Republic (Russia)
Рис. 2. Изменение виΑового богатства и таксономической структуры зонаΛьных фаун прямокрыΛых северо-востока Русской равнины. Fig. 2. Changes in species richness and taxonomic structure of Orthoptera fauna of the Russian Plain.
Code and data for 'Human modification of land cover alters net primary productivity, species richness and their relationship' manuscript
<p>The data and scripts in this database are analyses for a research paper in Global Ecology and Biogeography in 2023: Human modification of land cover alters net primary productivity, species richness and their relationship. Please refer to the README file and the paper for details about the usage of the data and methodology.</p>
Figure 4 in Decapod abundance and species richness in the bycatch of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) fishery, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil
Figure 4. Temperature variation along the seasons of the year. Samples were taken from July 2010 through June 2011, in the adjacent area from the Babitonga Bay, Santa Catarina State, Brazil.
Figure 3 in Decapod abundance and species richness in the bycatch of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) fishery, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil
Figure 3. Quotient between the carcino-bycatch and Xiphopenaeus kroyeri abundance. Samples were taken from July 2010 through June 2011 in the adjacent area from the Babitonga Bay, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Black circles indicate deviations from a 1:1 expected proportion (Binomial test, p<0.05).
Figure 5 in Decapod abundance and species richness in the bycatch of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) fishery, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil
Figure 5. Biplot of the axes from the Redundancy Analysis (RDA). Spatial variation of the biological and environmental variables from July 2010 through June 2011 in the adjacent area from Babitonga Bay, SC. Arrows indicate the strength of the relation between the axes and the environmental factors (O.M= Organic matter content; Phi=Substrate granulometry).
Figure 2 in Decapod abundance and species richness in the bycatch of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) fishery, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil
Figure 2. Relative composition (%) of individuals comprised in the carcino-bycatch, sorted by different taxonomic categories, from the artisanal Xiphopenaeus kroyeri fishery. Samples were taken from July 2010 through June 2011 in the adjacent area from the Babitonga Bay, Santa Catarina State, Brazil.
Species richness: a pivotal factor mediating the effects of land use intensification and climate on grassland multifunctionality
<p>Temperate semi-natural grasslands harbour unique biodiversity, support livestock farming through forage production, and deliver many essential ecosystem services (ESs) to human society; they are highly multifunctional. However, temperate grassland ecosystems are also among the most threatened ecosystems on earth due to land use and climate change. Understanding how biodiversity, climate, and land use intensification impact grassland multifunctionality through complex direct and indirect pathways is critical to better anticipate the future of these fragile ecosystems. </p> <p>Here, we evaluate how local plant species richness (SR) modulates the effect of land use intensification and climate on grassland multifunctionality (using six key ESs: biomass productivity and stability, forage quality, carbon storage, pollination, and local plant rarity) in the French Massif Central, the largest grassland in Western-Europe. We sampled 100 grassland fields with contrasted fertilisation rates, and SR over large elevational and latitudinal gradients related to variation in mean annual temperature (MAT), and drought severity (DS), two key climate change drivers that are predicted to increase in the future.</p> <p>Using a confirmatory path analysis, we found that SR was the main driver of multifunctionality. We also found significant SR × MAT and SR × fertilization interactions suggesting that warm climate and high fertilization rates may alter the biodiversity-ecosystem multifunctionality relationships. Furthermore, increasing temperature and fertilization indirectly influenced multifunctionality by decreasing SR and consequent multifunctionality in warm low-land and highly fertilized grasslands compared to colder montane grasslands or less fertilised ones. DS only impacted some ES individually (e.g. forage quality).</p> <p>Synthesis and applications: we identified SR as a pivotal factor mediating the effects of land use intensification and climate on multifunctionality through both direct and indirect pathways. Failing to account for changes in SR could thus bias any prediction of – or aggravate – the effects of land use intensification and climate change on ESs delivery in temperate grassland ecosystems. Considering that SR, MAT, and fertilization are major proxies of three main global change drivers (biodiversity loss, climate change, and land use intensification) our study may help to better anticipate the effect of multiple interacting global change drivers on grassland ecosystems.</p>
Fig. 1 in (macro-) Evolutionary ecology of parasite diversity: From determinants of parasite species richness to host diversification
Fig. 1. Expression of the basic transmission rate (R0) for the case of microparasites (i.e. viruses) and macroparasites (i.e. helminths with direct transmission) (for derivations of these expressions see Morand and Deter, 2008), emphasizing the importance of two host traits, longevity and density, as likely determinants of parasite invasion and then parasite species richness. In the right panel, relationships showing that both density and longevity are in allometry with host body mass (after Brown, 1995).
Fig. 2 in (macro-) Evolutionary ecology of parasite diversity: From determinants of parasite species richness to host diversification
Fig. 2. (A) Variability of ectoparasite species richness among 113 families of mammals (20 orders) (data from Kim, 1985;see Poulin and Morand, 2004). (B) Ectoparasite species richness is related to mammal diversification. The statistical analysis follows Nunn et al. (2004), where the change in the number of descendent clades is related to the change in the number of ectoparasite species, estimated using a modified version of the independent contrast method (Agapow and Isaac, 2002), for each node of the mammal phylogeny (from Binida-Emonds et al., 2007).
Diversification in the Rosales is influenced by dispersal, geographic range size, and pre-existing species richness
<p>Biodiversity results from origination and extinction; thus there is interest in determining those traits that influence this balance. Among traits implicated in the success or failure of lineages are dispersal, colonization ability, and geographic range size. We investigate the impact of dispersal and range size on contemporary diversity in the order Rosales.</p> <p> We use the MuSSE method to explore the effects on genus-level diversification of two genus-level traits (geographic range size and within-genus proclivity to speciate), and two species traits (seed dispersal and growth habit). We then used MuHiSSE for species-level associations. Finally, we conducted a PGLS (phylogenetic least-squares) analysis to distinguish between speciation within genera versus origination of new genera.</p> <p>At the species-level, animal dispersal enhances diversification rate in both woody and herbaceous lineages, while woody lineages without animal dispersal have higher extinction rates than speciation rates. At the genus level, herbaceous taxa have positive diversification rates regardless of other character states. Diversification rate variation is also explained by two interactions: (1) a three-way interaction between large geographic range, animal-mediated dispersal, and high within-genus species richness, whereby genera possessing all three traits have high diversification rates, and (2) a four-way interaction by which the three-way interaction is stronger in woody genera than in herbaceous genera.</p> <p>Colonization ability may underlie the relationship between dispersal type and range size and may influence past diversification rates by decreasing extinction rates during late Cenozoic times of climate volatility. Thus, colonization ability could be used to predict future extinction risk to improve conservation success.</p> <p>Please be aware that if you ask to have your user record removed, we will retain your name in the records concerning manuscripts for which you were an author, reviewer, or editor. In compliance with data protection regulations, you may request that we remove your personal registration details at any time. (Use the following URL: https://www.editorialmanager.com/ajb/login.asp?a=r). Please contact the publication office if you have any questions.</p>
Data and code for Winter conditions structure extratropical patterns of species richness of amphibians, birds, and mammals globally
<p>This repository contains the dataset analyzed in 'Winter conditions structure extratropical patterns of species richness of amphibians, birds, and mammals globally' - published in the journal Global Ecology and Biogeography - and the R code used to generate the correlations, generalized additive models, and related figures presented in the manuscript. Column descriptions for the data can be found in the associated README.txt file. Please refer to the manuscript for further detail on the variables and how they were derived.</p> <p>The Winter Indices (WIs) were derived using satellite remote sensing data from optical (MODIS, snow cover) and microwave (MEaSUREs freeze/thaw, frozen ground) sensors. The species richness maps were derived using IUCN range maps for individual species of amphibians, birds, and mammals (data requests can be made here: <a href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/spatial-data-download">https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/spatial-data-download</a>). Climatic varibales were derived from WorldClim v2.0 data, elevation from USGS GMTED2010 data, and primary productivity from the cumulative dynamic habitat index available here: <a href="http://silvis.forest.wisc.edu/maps-data/">http://silvis.forest.wisc.edu/maps-data/</a>.</p>
Data for "Vegetation complexity and pool size predict species richness of forest birds"
<p>This xlsx file contains data needed to replicate analyses in our article on species richness of Australian passerine birds.</p> <p>AUTHOR of data files: Vladimir Remes<br> CONTACT: vlad.remes/at/gmail,com<br> AUTHORS of the MS: V. Remes, L. Harmacková, B. Matysiokova, L. Rubacova, E. Remesova<br> DATE CREATED: 8 June 2022</p> <p>The file was saved in MS Excel for Mac 16.42.</p> <p>The file is named "data_SR_AU_passerines.xlsx" and has two sheets:<br> "data": contains the data<br> "legend": contains explanations of data columns</p> <p>The related article is:</p> <p>Remeš V, Harmáčková L, Matysioková B, Rubáčová L and Remešová E (2022) Vegetation complexity and pool size predict species richness of forest birds. Front. Ecol. Evol. 10:964180. doi: 10.3389/fevo.2022.964180</p>
Environmental controls on butterfly occurrence and species richness in Israel: The importance of temperature over rainfall
<p>Aim Butterflies are considered important indicators representing the state of biodiversity and key ecosystem functions, but their use as bioindicators requires better understanding of how their observed response link to environmental factors. Moreover, better understanding how butterfly faunas vary with climate and land cover may be useful to estimate the potential impacts of various drivers, including climate change, botanical succession, grazing, and afforestation. It is particularly important to establish which species of butterflies are sensitive to each environmental driver. Location Israel, including the West Bank and Golan Heights. Methods To develop a robust and systematic approach for identifying how butterfly faunas vary with the environment, we analysed the occurrence of 73 species and the abundance of 24 species from Israeli Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (BMS-IL) data. We used Regional Generalised Additive Models to quantify butterfly abundance, and generalised linear latent variable models and generalised linear models to quantify the impact of temperature, rainfall, soil type, and habitat on individual species and on the species community. Results Species richness was higher along cooler transects, and also for hilly and mountainous transects in the Mediterranean region (rendzina and Terra Rossa soils) compared with the coastal plain (Hamra soil) and semi-arid northern Jordan Vale (loessial serozem soil). Species occurrence was better explained by temperature (negative correlation) than precipitation, while for abundance the opposite pattern was found. Soil type and habitat were insignificant drivers of occurrence and abundance. Conclusions Butterfly faunas responded very strongly to temperature, even when accounting for other environmental factors. We expect that some butterfly species will disappear from marginal sites with global warming, and a large proportion will become rarer as the region becomes increasingly arid.</p>
Data and code from: Functional rarity of plants in German hay meadows - patterns on the species level and mismatches with community species richness
<p>Functional rarity (FR) - a feature combining a species' rarity with the distinctiveness of its traits - represents a promising tool to better understand the ecological importance of rare species and consequently to protect functional diversity more efficiently. Yet, we lack a systematic understanding of FR on both the species level (which species are functionally rare and why) and the community level (how is FR associated with biodiversity and environmental conditions). Here, we quantify FR for 218 plant species from German hay meadows on a local, regional, and national scale by combining data from 6500 vegetation relevés and 15 ecologically relevant traits. We investigate the association between rarity and trait distinctiveness on different spatial scales via correlation measures and show which traits lead to low or high trait distinctiveness via distance-based redundancy analysis. We test how species richness and FR are correlated and use boosted regression trees to determine environmental conditions driving species richness and FR. On the local scale, only rare species showed high trait distinctiveness while on larger spatial scales rare and common species showed high trait distinctiveness. As infrequent trait attributes (e.g., legumes, low clonality) led to higher trait distinctiveness, we argue that functionally rare species are either specialists or transients. While specialists occupy a particular niche in hay meadows leading to lower rarity on larger spatial scales, transients display distinct but maladaptive traits resulting in high rarity across all spatial scales. More functionally rare species than expected by chance occurred in species-poor communities indicating that they prefer environmental conditions differing from characteristic conditions of species-rich hay meadows. Finally, we argue that functionally rare species are not necessarily relevant for nature conservation, since many were transients from surrounding habitats. Yet, FR can facilitate our understanding of why species are rare in a habitat and under which conditions these species occur.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.